disappear : disappear Progressivism
Slide 2: Roots of Reform
Who were these reformers? : Who were these reformers? middle and upper class- 750,000 in 1870 to around 10 million by 1910
college educated
women
progressive journalists-muckrackers helped spread the reform message
relentless on their assaults on social evils
Slide 4: Reasons for Reform
Slide 5: Muckrakers
Slide 6: John Spargo
“Bitter Cry of
The children”
Slide 7: The Shame of The Cities Lincoln Steffens
Slide 8: Jacob Riis “How The Other Half Lives”
Progressive Leaders : Progressive Leaders Ida Tarbell
“history of …”
Progressive Leaders : Progressive Leaders Robert LaFollette
“Fighting Bob”
Treason of the Senate…1906 : Treason of the Senate…1906 David Graham Phillips
Slide 12: Jane Addams
“Hull House”
Slide 14: What were some of the goals of progressivism?
What roles did muckrakers, writers, and intellectuals play in the Progressive movement?
What were some of the achievements and shortfalls of the Progressive movement?
Period of Reform : Not a single movement united by a single goal
Concern over industrialization was not new-, Populists
Progressivism differs from Populism… it was an urban movement... Populists= rural
crowded cities, gap between rich and poor- graduated income tax Period of Reform
Combating the ills of society : Combating the ills of society Unsafe working conditions
child labor, long hours- 1900- average laborer worked over 10 hours a day, 6 days a week
Slide 17: Social Ills
Progressives seek Government reform : Progressives seek Government reform check on corporate power- break up bad trusts
more democracy- suffrage for women
cleaned up cities-better citizens
enlarging function of government to include housing standards, public health and city planning. We’re
off
to
see
the Wizard
Literature that points out problems : Literature that points out problems McClure’s- “Tweed Days in St. Louis”- Lincoln Steffens, Claude Wetmore- 1902- beginning of muckracking school of journalism
Tarbell attacks Standard Oil
Dreiser- “The Financier”- business owners driven by greed
“The Jungle” : “The Jungle” Upton Sinclair- book deals with meat-packing industry in Chicago
“I aimed at the public’s heart and by accident I hit their stomach”
Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act.
Slide 21: The Jungle
Slide 22: Amendments of The Progressive Era 16th amendment Income Tax (1913)
17th Amendment Direct Election of Senators (1913)
18th Amendment prohibition (1919)
19th Amendment Woman's Suffrage (1920)
Slide 23: National Level
Slide 24: Teddy Roosevelt Believed President should set legislative Agenda
Progressive Reformer
Fighter who was not part of the Party Machinery
Slide 25: Bully, Bully
Slide 26: Teddy Roosevelt Square Deal
Coal Workers (10% raise, no unions)Presidential Intervention
Trust Buster ( Northern Securities)
Good Trust (U.S. Steel)
The Square Deal : The Square Deal
Slide 28: A History of Teddy Roosevelt
“ PURE ACT” : “ PURE ACT” “… and Theodore was the spinner” ACTIVIST: state senator
author
police comm.
Asst.sec`y navy
gov.of n.y.
ranch owner
civil service comm.
COL.of the ROUGH RIDERS
“HEALTH TO THE LIONS” : “HEALTH TO THE LIONS” JP MORGAN BRAZIL “A LAST CHANCE TO BE A BOY”
Slide 31: “A BULLY PULPIT”
NEW NATIONALISM : NEW NATIONALISM GOV`T PROMOTES THE GEN`L WELFARE
BULL MOOSE PARTY…assassination attempt STAUNCH CONSERVATIONIST
CHANGE IS AT HAND : CHANGE IS AT HAND MCKINLEY’S ASSASINATION ROOSEVELT IN OFFICE
INTENDED TO CARRY OUT MCKINLEY’S DOMESTIC POLICY
KEPT MCKINLEYS CABINET
FIRST MESSAGE TO CONGRESS... : “There is a widespread conviction in the minds of the American people that the great corporations known as Trusts are in certain of their features and tendencies hurtful to the general welfare….” FIRST MESSAGE TO CONGRESS...
Slide 35: BUREAU OF CORPORATIONS
SHERMAN ANTITRUST ACT
ANTITRUST SUIT AGAINST J.P. MORGANS NORTHERN SECURITIES CORPORATION ATTACKS BUSINESS IN 1902
Slide 36: ROOSEVELT URGED FOR ARBITRATION
FIRST TIME THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HAD INTERVENED IN A STRIKE TO PROTECT THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKERS AND THE PUBLIC COAL MINERS STRIKE
Slide 37: CAMPAIGN SLOGAN 1904
“SEE TO IT THAT EVERY MAN HAS A SQUARE DEAL, NO LESS NO MORE.” SQUARE DEAL I`m Teddy Roosevelt
and I Approve this
Message.
SQUARE DEAL CALLED FOR: : SQUARE DEAL CALLED FOR: LIMITING THE POWER OF TRUSTS
PROMOTING PUBLIC HEALTH AND SAFETY
IMPROVING WORKING CONDITIONS
TRUSTBUSTING : TRUSTBUSTING ELKINS ACT 1903 FORBADE SHIPPERS FROM ACCEPTING REBATES
HEPBURN ACT AUTHORIZED THE ICC TO SET RAILROAD RATES
SUPREME COURT RULED THAT THE NORTHERN SECURITIES COMPANY VIOLATED THE SHERMAN ANTITRUST ACT
WENT ON A TRUST BUSTING CAMPAIGN FILING 44 SUITS AGAINST BUSINESS
Slide 41: TRUSTBUSTER
PROTECTING THE CONSUMER : PROTECTING THE CONSUMER MEAT INSPECTION ACT 1906
PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT
Slide 43: Nobel Peace Prize
Slide 44: Get on The Raft with Taft
Slide 45: William Howard Taft Teddy Roosevelt Super sized
The True Trust Buster 2x as many as TR 3.Mann-Elkins Act – Gave the Federal Government the power to oversee Telephone and Telegraph Co.
Slide 46: "Talkin about Taft"
Slide 47: Election of 1912 Taft Republican President
TR Former Republican( Bull Moose)
Woodrow Wilson Future President Democrat…New Freedom
Eugene V. Debs Former and Future Convict…Socialist
Slide 48: 1912
Slide 49: Bull Moose New Nationalism
Slide 50: Teddy`s the One
Slide 51: Bye, Bye, LaFollette
Slide 54: 1912 Election
Slide 55: New Freedom
Woodrow Wilson : Woodrow Wilson
Idealist : Idealist Religious influence of his father
Predestination
Grew-up in South during Civil War
Slide 58: New Freedom
Slide 59: Woodrow Wilson New Freedom
Underwood Tariff
Federal Reserve Act
Clayton Anti Trust Act
Federal Trade Commission
Most influential President in The White House : Most influential President in The White House Peace becomes the focal point
Lags on Progressive Reforms : Lags on Progressive Reforms New Freedom Philosophy
Believes Country needed Big Business
Att`y Gen`l McReynolds
Triple Wall of Privelege : Triple Wall of Privelege Tariff
Banks
Trusts Underwood Tariff Federal Reserve Clayton-Anti Trust
Progressivism spreads under Wilson : Progressivism spreads under Wilson 1913- Underwood Tariff Act- reduces tariff to lowest levels in 50 years, graduated income tax
Federal Reserve Act- reform of banking
Clayton Antitrust Act- clarifies and extends Sherman Anti-trust Act, says what corporations could not do
passage of the 17th and 19th amendments
Action v. Philosphy : Action v. Philosphy F.T.C.
Clayton Anti- Trust Act
Racial Attitudes
Slide 65: Woodrow Wilson
1916 Election : 1916 Election Child Labor laws
Fear of TR
“ He kept us out of WAR “ : “ He kept us out of WAR “
Slide 68: Rise of Socialism Eugene V. Debs
Achievements of Progressivism : Achievements of Progressivism demonstrated that American system can adopt to changes
created a movement to remedy problems (especially after 1912)
settlement movement-increases education, helps immigrants
created a mindset of reform among key politicians- Senator LaFollette- Wisconsin idea - brings direct primary to Wisconsin, creates commissions to regulate big business
conservation of forests- TR
Roosevelt- first progressive president- “trustbuster, conserves forests for future generations
Slide 70: Failures of Progressivism
Shortcomings of Progressivism : Shortcomings of Progressivism Does very little for African-Americans and Native Americans prohibition repealed W.E.B.DuBois
Slide 72: A Better America ?
Summary : Summary Progressives
Combating the ills of society
Period of Reform
Progressives seek government reform
Who were these reformers?
Literature that points out problems
“The Jungle”
Achievements of Progressivism