The Cold War1945-1989 : The Cold War1945-1989
Recap of WWII : Recap of WWII The USSR lost around 20 million people in WWII
Stalin was determined to make the USSR secure in the future
In Contrast:
Great Britain lost around 370,000
USA lost 297,000 people.
The Rise of Superpowers : The Rise of Superpowers Before WWII there were a number of countries which could have claimed to be superpowers.
After WWII only two countries had the military strength and resources (weapons) to be called superpowers:
The United States and USSR (Soviet Union)
What happens to the countries previously occupied by Germany? : What happens to the countries previously occupied by Germany? Two conferences were held in 1945 at Yalta and Potsdam
A major aim was to discuss the future:
What would happen to the occupied countries after liberation, especially those of Eastern Europe
USSR Now Occupies much of Eastern Europe : USSR Now Occupies much of Eastern Europe
Slide 6: YALTA (in the USSR)
Date: Feb 1945
Present: Churchill,
Roosevelt and Stalin
Slide 7: POTSDAM (Germany)
Date: July 1945
Present: Churchill,
Truman and Stalin Roosevelt died in April.
Differences Lead to the Cold War : Differences Lead to the Cold War US wants to hold open elections and form democratic nations.
The USSR wants to form communist nations.
US vs. USSR : US vs. USSR They were complete opposites
They had allied against Fascism.
Now the common enemy (Germany) had been defeated and the reason for cooperation was gone. . .the Cold War begins!
Cold War : Cold War The Cold War was a time after WWII when the USA and the Soviet Union were rivals for world influence.
Definition of the Cold War: A state of tension, without actual fighting, between the United States and the Soviet Union, which divided the world into two camps
Review : Review What is the Cold War? A state of tension, without actual fighting, between the United States and the Soviet Union What two major countries were involved in the Cold War? The United States and The Soviet Union
A New Form of Foreign Policy : A New Form of Foreign Policy Truman Doctrine
Marshall Plan
NATO The US Response
President Harry S. Truman : President Harry S. Truman The Truman Doctrine
A March 1947 promise that the US “would support free peoples who are resisting communism”
Marshall Plan : Marshall Plan Began in 1947
US provides 13 billion to western Europe (then Japan, Korea, and Taiwan) to rebuild
Hoped to stop the spread of Communism
Named after Secretary of State,
George C. Marshall
Alliances Formed : Alliances Formed NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Pro-Democracy: USA, France, Great Britain,
West Germany Warsaw Pact –
Pro-Communist: Soviet countries – USSR, and all countries controlled by the USSR. Communist Countries vs. Democratic Countries. If a Warsaw Pact country attacks a NATO country, then they are attacking ALL NATO countries and vice versa.
Can you name 3 ways the US tried to stop the spread of communism after WWII? : Can you name 3 ways the US tried to stop the spread of communism after WWII?
3 Ways the US tried to Stop Communism : 3 Ways the US tried to Stop Communism Truman Doctrine
Marshall Plan
NATO