Chapter 5 : Chapter 5 Settling the Middle Colonies
Slide 2: New Netherland Becomes New York
1609 – Hudson claims land along Hudson River for Dutch while looking for NW Passage
Slide 3: Beginning of New Netherland
1621 – Dutch West India Company sets up a trading company - New Netherland
1624 – Sent 30 families to settle
New Amsterdam – center of new colony
Located on Manhattan Island
1626 – Peter Minuit, governor of colony, buys land for about $24
Grows slowly
No real reason to move there
Their country was prosperous and tolerant of religions Peter Minuit
Slide 4: Recruiting settlers
Welcomes all people in New England
Gave large tracts of land to anyone who brought 50 settlers
Riverfront property
Patroons ran land as they chose; own laws
New Sweden Established
Fur Trade – brought settlers from Sweden
1638 – New Sweden formed near Wilmington, Delaware
Dutch view New Sweden as a rival
1655 – Peter Stuyvesant, governor of New Netherland, seized New Sweden
Slide 5: New English King Takes Over
Civil War in England
Parliament Puritans vs. Charles I supporters
King beheaded for treason
Puritans run country for 11 years
1660 – King Charles II takes over
Slide 6: 1664 – Charles sends brother, James, Duke of York to seize Dutch colony.
Four English warships anchor at New Amsterdam
Governor Stuyvesant tells colonists to fight back. Fight back! New Netherland surrenders without a fight
Renamed New York in honor of James
Slide 7: Colonial Government
James becomes proprietor of New York
Allows Dutch to keep their religion, lands, and customs
Religious freedom to all
Colonists had no say in government
Slide 8: New Jersey
New York too large to manage for James
Gave land to Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley
Named land “New Jersey” after Carteret’s birthplace
Kept religious freedom
Developed separately until they became a royal colony in 1702
Slide 10: William Penn’s Colonies
Quakers needed a place for religious freedom
Quakers persecuted
Believed all people equals in eyes of God
Refused to take oaths
Women allowed to speak at meetings
Opposed war – would not serve in army
Refused to pay taxes
Did not believe in slavery William Penn
Slide 11: King Charles gave Penn land to repay loan from Penn’s father
Named land Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania – “Penn’s woods”
Based government on religious freedom
Paid NA for land
Attracted German settlers fleeing religious wars
Formed communities that kept alive their customs
Known as Pennsylvania Dutch
Slide 12: Delaware
Pennsylvania had no seaports
Penn receives grant from James for 3 counties along the Delaware River for trading purposes
Uniting two areas difficult
Delaware could elect their own assembly
Penn was governor
Counties later break away and form their own colony, Delaware