Bangladesh :Bangladesh The Fact and figures


Full country name: People's Republic of BangladeshArea: 143,998 sq km (55,598 sq mi)Population: 129 millionCapital city: Dhaka (pop: 8.5 million)People: 98% Bengali, 1% Bihari, 1% tribalLanguage: Bangla, EnglishReligion: 87% Islam, 12% Hindu, 0.5% Buddhist & 0.3% ChristianGovernment: Constitutional Republic :Full country name: People's Republic of BangladeshArea: 143,998 sq km (55,598 sq mi)Population: 129 millionCapital city: Dhaka (pop: 8.5 million)People: 98% Bengali, 1% Bihari, 1% tribalLanguage: Bangla, EnglishReligion: 87% Islam, 12% Hindu, 0.5% Buddhist & 0.3% ChristianGovernment: Constitutional Republic GDP: US$151 billionGDP per head: US$1290World GDP ranking: 56thAnnual growth: 4.5%Inflation: 8%Major industries: Jute manufacturing, cotton textiles, food processing, steel, fertilizer, rice, jute, tea, wheat, sugarcane, potatoes, beef, milk, poultryMajor trading partners: Western Europe, US, Hong Kong, Japan, India, China, Singapore


Slide 3:Political Personalities Ex-President Shaikh Mujibur Rahman Prime Minister Begum Khaleda Ziz Opposition Leader Shaikh Hasina Ex-President Hossain Muhammed Ershad Ex-President Shahabuddin Ahmed Ex-President Ziaur Rahman


Slide 4:Population 129,194,224 (July 2000 est.)  Age structure 0-14 years: 36% (male 24,055,675; female 22,918,354) 15-64 years: 60% (male 39,924,040; female 37,992,459) 65 years and over: 4% (male 2,342,134; female 1,961,562) (2000 est.)  Population growth rate 1.59% (2000 est.)  Birth rate 25.44 births/1,000 population (2000 est.)  Death rate 8.73 deaths/1,000 population (2000 est.)  Net migration rate -0.77 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000 est.)  Sex ratio at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.19 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2000 est.)  Infant mortality rate 71.66 deaths/1,000 live births (2000 est.)  Life expectancy at birth total population: 60.16 years male: 60.4 years female: 59.91 years (2000 est.)  Total fertility rate 2.85 children born/woman (2000 est.)  Nationality noun: Bangladeshi(s) adjective: Bangladesh  Ethnic groups Bengali 98%, Biharis 250,000, tribals less than 1 million  Religions Muslim 88.3%, Hindu 10.5%, other 1.2%  Languages Bangla (official), English  Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 38.1% male: 49.4%


Slide 6:Independent War 1971


On 25 March 1971, Pakistan Army Killed innocent Bengalese with all their might. They went for indiscriminate killing of innocent people, large‑scale destruction of villages and humiliating women and children. This was termed as the history's worst genocide. The people of Bangladesh had then no choice but to resist the Pakistani rulers and initiate an armed struggle for the liberation of their motherland. People from all spheres of society, peasants, workers, students and the Bengalese Officers and soldiers of the Pakistan Armed Forces, the East Pakistan Rifles, the Police and other paramilitary forces organized themselves into fighting units and started the great War of Liberation for Bangladesh.  After nine months of bloody war against the occupation forces, the country was liberated on 16 December 1971. The nation had to sacrifice three million people who laid down their lives for the birth of this free nation. Perhaps history has yet to produce examples where the price of liberty in terms of blood and sacrifices has been so great as in case of Birth of  Bangladesh. :On 25 March 1971, Pakistan Army Killed innocent Bengalese with all their might. They went for indiscriminate killing of innocent people, large‑scale destruction of villages and humiliating women and children. This was termed as the history's worst genocide. The people of Bangladesh had then no choice but to resist the Pakistani rulers and initiate an armed struggle for the liberation of their motherland. People from all spheres of society, peasants, workers, students and the Bengalese Officers and soldiers of the Pakistan Armed Forces, the East Pakistan Rifles, the Police and other paramilitary forces organized themselves into fighting units and started the great War of Liberation for Bangladesh.  After nine months of bloody war against the occupation forces, the country was liberated on 16 December 1971. The nation had to sacrifice three million people who laid down their lives for the birth of this free nation. Perhaps history has yet to produce examples where the price of liberty in terms of blood and sacrifices has been so great as in case of Birth of  Bangladesh.


Slide 8:Genocide


Slide 9:???????????


How many died?The number of dead in Bangladesh in 1971 was almost certainly well into seven figures. It was one of the worst genocides of the World War II era, outstripping Rwanda (800,000 killed) and probably surpassing even Indonesia (1 million to 1.5 million killed in 1965-66). As R.J. Rummel writes,The human death toll over only 267 days was incredible. Just to give for five out of the eighteen districts some incomplete statistics published in Bangladesh newspapers or by an Inquiry Committee, the Pakistani army killed 100,000 Bengalis in Dacca, 150,000 in Khulna, 75,000 in Jessore, 95,000 in Comilla, and 100,000 in Chittagong. For eighteen districts the total is 1,247,000 killed. This was an incomplete toll, and to this day no one really knows the final toll. Some estimates of the democide [Rummel's "death by government"] are much lower -- one is of 300,000 dead -- but most range from 1 million to 3 million. ... The Pakistani army and allied paramilitary groups killed about one out of every sixty-one people in Pakistan overall; one out of every twenty-five Bengalis, Hindus, and others in East Pakistan. If the rate of killing for all of Pakistan is annualized over the years the Yahya martial law regime was in power (March 1969 to December 1971), then this one regime was more lethal than that of the Soviet Union, China under the communists, or Japan under the military (even through World War II). (Rummel, Death By Government, p. 331.) :How many died?The number of dead in Bangladesh in 1971 was almost certainly well into seven figures. It was one of the worst genocides of the World War II era, outstripping Rwanda (800,000 killed) and probably surpassing even Indonesia (1 million to 1.5 million killed in 1965-66). As R.J. Rummel writes,The human death toll over only 267 days was incredible. Just to give for five out of the eighteen districts some incomplete statistics published in Bangladesh newspapers or by an Inquiry Committee, the Pakistani army killed 100,000 Bengalis in Dacca, 150,000 in Khulna, 75,000 in Jessore, 95,000 in Comilla, and 100,000 in Chittagong. For eighteen districts the total is 1,247,000 killed. This was an incomplete toll, and to this day no one really knows the final toll. Some estimates of the democide [Rummel's "death by government"] are much lower -- one is of 300,000 dead -- but most range from 1 million to 3 million. ... The Pakistani army and allied paramilitary groups killed about one out of every sixty-one people in Pakistan overall; one out of every twenty-five Bengalis, Hindus, and others in East Pakistan. If the rate of killing for all of Pakistan is annualized over the years the Yahya martial law regime was in power (March 1969 to December 1971), then this one regime was more lethal than that of the Soviet Union, China under the communists, or Japan under the military (even through World War II). (Rummel, Death By Government, p. 331.)


Slide 11:Villagers fleeing from the advancing armies, 1971


Slide 12:Freedom Fighters


An Indian Jawan, stands guard in Dhaka. He holds a Sterling . :An Indian Jawan, stands guard in Dhaka. He holds a Sterling . Indian howitzer crews firing the 25 pounded field gun at full intensity.


Lieutenant General Niazi being escorted by Lieutenant General Aurora for the signing of the Instrument of Surrender on 16 December 1971. :Lieutenant General Niazi being escorted by Lieutenant General Aurora for the signing of the Instrument of Surrender on 16 December 1971.


Slide 15:Sheikh Mujbar Rehman entering Dacca, the capital of a new country, Bangladesh, 1971


Slide 16:Independent Land


Slide 17:Independent Land Independent Land


Slide 18:Sunset


Slide 21:Peaceful Lifestyle


Slide 22:Fishing Boat


Slide 24:Innocent Nature


Slide 26:The Royal Bengal Tiger Grooooooooorrrrrrrrr


Slide 28:(Water Lily) - The National Flower of Bangladesh. There are two major varieties Magpie Robin) - Bangladesh's National Bird Bangladesh, the home of Royal Bengal Tiger -famous for its majestic appearance, speed and prowess. National Martyrs' Memorial at Savar near Dhaka commermorating the supreme sacrifices of the known and unknown countless lives during the sanguinary War of Independence in 1971 The Jatiya Sangsad (Parliament) complex at Sher-e-Bangla Nagar with its unique architectural grandeur Deep Autumn or the harvesting season when paddy is collected from the fields and threshed. Threshing is mostly done in the traditional way with bullocks. Women workers are busy in a garments factory Women workers at work inside an electronic plant in the Export Processing Zone (EPZ) in the port city of Chittagong. A woman stitching Nakshikantha - the embroidered quilt, treated as a piece of folk artistry for its rare beauty, colour and design.


Slide 29:A bride in typical bridal attire. Traditionally brides put on special types of seri known as Kataan and Banarasi and jewellery of intricate design on the forehead, neck and hands at the nuptial ceremony. Bangladesh has a rich tradition of handicraft which excel in texture, quality and design. Superbly made cloth dolls representing traditional Bangladeshi women's attire of different varieties. A display of beautifully designed clay pottery which has a tradition of thousand of years. The traditional boat race- a favourite pastime with the rural people during rainy season when the rivers are full to the brim. Special types of boats are built for the purpose and competitions are held with much funfair among different villages. The fashionable horse drawn carriage used by the affluent land owning section and high ranking British colonial officials in the old days, now almost extinct. Baitul Mukarram - the commodious grand national mosque complex in the heart of Dhaka city. Built in 1962, it is a prototype of the holy Kaaba with a fine blending of modern architecture. Tribal girls performing a typical tribal dance in their traditional costume.


Slide 30:The sea beach at Cox's Bazar, the world's longest unbroken stretch of golden sands against the vast expanse of blue water and white surfing waves - Bangladesh's most attractive tourist spot. The hanging bridge over Kaptai lake adjacent to Rangamati town, a favourite holiday resort in the Hill tracts known for its winding hills and enchanting beauty as well as for its tribal life. Sunrise at the sea-shore in Cox's Bazar - one of the longest sea beach in the world. Saint Martin at Cox's Bazar is the most beautiful coral island in Asia. The Largest Sea Beach


Slide 31:Sports


Slide 32:Bangladesh Cricket Sports


Slide 33:II. RECENT TRENDS IN THE BANGLADESH ECONOMY: AN OVERVIEW (Contd.)


Slide 34:II. RECENT TRENDS IN THE BANGLADESH ECONOMY: AN OVERVIEW (Contd.)


Slide 35:II. RECENT TRENDS IN THE BANGLADESH ECONOMY: AN OVERVIEW (Contd.)


Slide 36:FLOODINGBANGLADESH Most of Bangladesh lies less than 10 metres above sea level. The DELTA and the FLOODPLAIN of the Ganges and Brahmaputra cover 97,000 square miles. Over 90 million people live within this area. Floods in 1987 covered 40% of Bangladesh and in 1988 they covered 62%. In the west floods tend to be uniformly viewed negatively and considered to be a natural hazard.In Bangladesh the 'normal floods' or barsha resulting from the 'usual' monsoon rainfall are considered a resource by farmers. Yet in certain years they can experience the bonna or disastrous flood even


Slide 37:Bangladesh Three quarters of the global loss of life Combined delta of the Brahmaputra, Ganges and Meghna. Catchments 1.55million km? One of poorest, most densely populated countries. The floods in Bangladesh The type of flood which generally occurs in Bangladesh is a combination flood. The factors which result in floods are the monsoons in collaboration with cyclones.


Slide 38:The effects of floods on human lives. Loss of life. Loss of homes and livelihoods. Disturbance of, and added stress to everyday life. Diseases. Debt. Developed VS Less Developed. Less developed countries suffer more due to lack of funds providing support and assistance in the aftermath. Diseases, such as cholera and dysentery, are more of a problem in less developed countries due to a lack of healthcare facilities.


Slide 39:Flood Emergency in Bangladesh. Little money for effective management programs. Solutions involve advising farmers on land management. Repeating successful management plans from other rivers. Plans For the Flood Problem. Mega project- Supported by the World Bank. Planned by United Nations Development program. Construction of tall embankments along Bangladesh delta. Compartments on the flood plains. Adverse consequences of the mega project.


Slide 40:During Type of flood Destruction of crops High erosion rates Casualties and homeless Damage to roads Loss of livelihoods After Illness and disease Distribution of aid Rehabilitation and reconstruction Money !


Slide 41:Allegations that relief has not reached all An inundated village in northern Bangladesh


Slide 42:Flood Victim’s


Slide 43:Flood Victim’s


Slide 44:Home


Slide 45:Sometimes its really knock the bottom of my heart


Slide 46:Have you ever feels this types of Situation?


Slide 47:Conclusions          The ever increasing population of Bangladesh and the continual flooding of that country pose great problems for the future. The current flood control projects using levies to hold the water in will not work. River control such as dams and lakes up river in India could help by reducing the water flow into Bangladesh from everywhere else, but India itself does not have the money or the need to do it for themselves. Even if a project such as this could be carried out, it still would not protect the Bengali people from flooding from locally occurring monsoons and cyclones. The biggest problem with Bangladesh is the geographical fact that most of the land is only a few feed above water and very unstable. No amount of river control can change this. Bangladeshis only choice must be severe population controls to reduce the density of people on this land and also to encourage a movement away from the lowest lying areas. For tropical cyclones, more shelters must be built immediately as the 1991 cyclone as bad as it was could have been worse if it has been stronger or hit further northwest. Also, a reliable method of informing the rural residents of an impeding cyclone must be developed. Possibilities for warning systems include a siren systems, and a leaflet drop using airplanes announcing the impending threat. It is unlikely that these things can be done by the Bengali government due to both its instability and the country's chronic lack of money. The outside world must offer investment into the region to encourage these changes. Otherwise many thousand of people will die in the coming years.


Slide 48:These are the surviving life of Bangladesh, Several times we build-up but the natural monsters destroy everything like a Sands home. But unfortunately we will survive to see the brightness.


Slide 49:Thank you all for your kind attention Md.Yamin Baksh