logging in or signing up Shapes of Molecules wsautter Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 25 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: February 03, 2012 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description Explains how molecules obtain their shape using VSEPR theory. **More good stuff available at: www.wsautter.com and http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wnsautter &aq=f Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript PowerPoint Presentation: MOLECULAR GEOMETRY AND PROPERTIES Copyright Sautter 2003PowerPoint Presentation: The next slide is a quick promo for my books after which the presentation will begin Thanks for your patience! Walt S. Wsautter@optonline.net More stuff at: www.wsautter.comPowerPoint Presentation: Books available at: www.wsautter.com www.smashwords.com www.amazon.com www.bibliotastic.com www.goodreads.com Walt’s Books for Free!MOLECULAR GEOMETRY (SHAPES) : MOLECULAR GEOMETRY (SHAPES) SHAPES OF VARIOUS MOLECULES DEPEND ON THE BONDING TYPE, ORBITAL HYBRIDIZATIONS AND THE NUMBER OF BONDS THAT OCCUR IN THE BONDING ATOMS OF THE MOLECULE. THREE FUNDAMENTAL RULES RELATE TO THE POSITIONING OF ATOMS IN MOLECULES. (1) BONDED ATOMS TEND TO MOVE AS CLOSE AS POSSIBLE TO THE CENTRAL ATOM OF A MOLECULE (2) ATOMS WHICH ARE BONDED TO THE CENTRAL ATOM TEND TO STAY AS FAR FROM EACHOTHER AS POSSIBLE. (3) LONE ELECTRON PAIRS IN A MOLECULE TEND TO REPEL OTHER LONE PAIRS AND OTHER BONDING ELECTRON PAIRS.PowerPoint Presentation: BONDING ACROSS THE PERIODIC TABLE BOND TYPES AND GEOMETRIESPowerPoint Presentation: ELECTRONEGATIVITY VALUES OF ATOMS IN THE MOLECULE. EN = DIFFERENCE IN ELECTRONEGATIVITY. AS EN INCREASES, BOND POLARITY INCREASES. ELECTRONS MOVE CLOSER TO THE MORE ELECTRONEGATIVE ATOM IN THE BOND. COLUMN # AND BONDING TYPE MOLECULAR SHAPE AND FORMULA TELLS IF A POLAR OR NONPOLAR MOLECULE IS FORMED SHOWS MOLECULAR SHAPE AND POLARITY OF BONDS MEANS PARTIALLY + OR – DUE TO ELECTRON SHIFTS IN THE BOND FRAME FORMATPowerPoint Presentation: LINEAR - LiCl ELECTRONS TRANSFER TO Cl FROM Li & LiCl IS IONIC COLUMN I - S BONDING + - ELECTRONEGATIVITIES Li = 1.0 Cl = 3.0 EN = 2.0 ELECTRONS TRANSFER TO THE CHLORINEPowerPoint Presentation: - + + - + - - + - - + + + - + - + + - - + - - 3D IONIC CRYSTAL LATTICEPowerPoint Presentation: LINEAR - BeCl 2 - + - POLAR BONDS CANCEL & BeCl 2 IS A NONPOLAR MOLECULE COLUMN II - SP BONDING ELECTRONEGATIVITIES Be = 1.5 Cl = 3.0 EN = 1.5 ELECTRONS SHIFT TOWARD CHLORINEPowerPoint Presentation: TRIGONAL PLANAR - BCl 3 (FLAT TRIANGLE) - + ELECTRONEGATIVITIES B= 2.0 Cl = 3.0 EN = 1.0 ELECTRONS SHIFT TOWARD CHLORINE - - POLAR BONDS CANCEL & BCl 3 IS A NONPOLAR MOLECULE COLUMN II - SP 2 BONDINGPowerPoint Presentation: TETRAHEDRAL - CCl 4 - + ELECTRONEGATIVITIES C = 2.5 Cl = 3.0 EN = 0.5 ELECTRONS SHIFT TOWARD CHLORINE - - - POLAR BONDS CANCEL & CCl 4 IS A NONPOLAR MOLECULE COLUMN IV - SP 3 BONDINGPowerPoint Presentation: PYRAMIDAL – NH 3 1 LONE e- PAIR - + + + ELECTRONEGATIVITIES H = 2.1 N = 3.0 EN = 0.9 ELECTRONS SHIFT TOWARD NITROGEN POLAR BONDS DO NOT CANCEL & NH 3 IS A POLAR MOLECULE COLUMN V - SP 3 BONDINGPowerPoint Presentation: ANGULAR (BENT) - H 2 O - + ELECTRONEGATIVITIES H = 2.1 O = 3.5 EN = 1.4 ELECTRONS SHIFT TOWARD OXYGEN + POLAR BONDS DO NOT CANCEL & H 2 O IS A POLAR MOLECULE 2 LONE e- PAIRS COLUMN VI - SP 3 BONDINGPowerPoint Presentation: LINEAR - Cl 2 ELECTRONEGATIVITIES Cl = 3.0 N = 3.0 EN = 0 NO ELECTRON SHIFT Cl 2 HAS NO POLAR BONDS & IS A NONPOLAR MOLECULE COLUMN VII - SP 3 BONDINGPowerPoint Presentation: THE POLARITY OF A MOLECULE IS DETERMINED BY THE PRESENCE OF POLAR BONDS, MOLECULAR SHAPE AND MOLECULAR SYMMETRY GENERALLY, ASSYMETRIC MOLECULES ARE LIKELY TO BE POLAR WHILE SYMMETRICAL MOLECULES TEND TO BE NONPOLAR MOLECULES ARE POLAR WHEN ELECTRONS WITHIN THE MOLECULE SHIFT TOWARDS ONE END OF THE MOLECULE MAKING THAT END NEGATIVE AND LEAVING THE OTHER END POSITIVEPowerPoint Presentation: ASSYMETRIC TETRAHEDRAL - CH 3 Cl + ELECTRONEGATIVITIES H = 2.1 C = 2.5 Cl = 3.0 ELECTRONS SHIFT TOWARD CHLORINE + + - ELECTRONS SHIFT TOWARDS THE MORE ELECTRONEGATIVE Cl & MOLECULE IS POLAR COLUMN IV - SP 3 BONDINGPowerPoint Presentation: POLAR MOLECULES HAVE PROPERTIES DISTINCTLY DIFFERENT FROM NONPOLAR MOLECULES. POLAR MOLECULES ATTRACT EACHOTHER WELL AND HAVE HIGHER MELTING POINTS AND BOILING POINTS AS WELL AS LOWER VAPOR PRESSURES POLAR SOLVENTS DISSOLVE OTHER POLAR COMPOUNDS AND IONIC SUBSTANCES WELL. NONPOLAR SOLVENTS DISSOLVE OTHER NONPOLAR COMPOUNDS WELL. COMBINATIONS OF POLAR AND NONPOLAR SUBSTANCES DONOT DISSOLVE WELLPowerPoint Presentation: - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + INTERACTION OF POLAR MOLECULES STRONG INTERMOLECULAR ATTRACTIONPowerPoint Presentation: NONPOLAR MOLECULES LITTLE INTERACTION BETWEEN MOLECULESPowerPoint Presentation: LONDON FORCES – NONPOLAR MOLECULES PROTONS OF ONE ATOM WEAKLY ATTRACT THE ELECTRONS OF ADJACENT ATOMS AND VISE VERSA + - - + - + - - - He He HePowerPoint Presentation: AN EXCEPTIONALLY STRONG TYPE OF POLAR MOLECULE INTERACTION IS CALLED HYDROGEN BONDING. HYDROGEN BONDING INVOLVES POLAR MOLECULES THAT CONTAIN F-H, O-H OR N-H BONDS. THE STRONG SHIFT IN BONDING ELECTRON PAIRS BETWEEN THESE ATOMS GIVES A VERY HIGH DEGREE OF BOND POLARITY AND GREATLY INCREASES THE DIPOLE NATURE OF THE MOLECULE.PowerPoint Presentation: HYDROGEN BONDING IN H 2 O = HYDROGEN BONDING STRONG COHESIVE FORCES - + + - + + - + + - + + - + + - + +PowerPoint Presentation: THE END You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Shapes of Molecules wsautter Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 25 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: February 03, 2012 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description Explains how molecules obtain their shape using VSEPR theory. **More good stuff available at: www.wsautter.com and http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wnsautter &aq=f Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript PowerPoint Presentation: MOLECULAR GEOMETRY AND PROPERTIES Copyright Sautter 2003PowerPoint Presentation: The next slide is a quick promo for my books after which the presentation will begin Thanks for your patience! Walt S. Wsautter@optonline.net More stuff at: www.wsautter.comPowerPoint Presentation: Books available at: www.wsautter.com www.smashwords.com www.amazon.com www.bibliotastic.com www.goodreads.com Walt’s Books for Free!MOLECULAR GEOMETRY (SHAPES) : MOLECULAR GEOMETRY (SHAPES) SHAPES OF VARIOUS MOLECULES DEPEND ON THE BONDING TYPE, ORBITAL HYBRIDIZATIONS AND THE NUMBER OF BONDS THAT OCCUR IN THE BONDING ATOMS OF THE MOLECULE. THREE FUNDAMENTAL RULES RELATE TO THE POSITIONING OF ATOMS IN MOLECULES. (1) BONDED ATOMS TEND TO MOVE AS CLOSE AS POSSIBLE TO THE CENTRAL ATOM OF A MOLECULE (2) ATOMS WHICH ARE BONDED TO THE CENTRAL ATOM TEND TO STAY AS FAR FROM EACHOTHER AS POSSIBLE. (3) LONE ELECTRON PAIRS IN A MOLECULE TEND TO REPEL OTHER LONE PAIRS AND OTHER BONDING ELECTRON PAIRS.PowerPoint Presentation: BONDING ACROSS THE PERIODIC TABLE BOND TYPES AND GEOMETRIESPowerPoint Presentation: ELECTRONEGATIVITY VALUES OF ATOMS IN THE MOLECULE. EN = DIFFERENCE IN ELECTRONEGATIVITY. AS EN INCREASES, BOND POLARITY INCREASES. ELECTRONS MOVE CLOSER TO THE MORE ELECTRONEGATIVE ATOM IN THE BOND. COLUMN # AND BONDING TYPE MOLECULAR SHAPE AND FORMULA TELLS IF A POLAR OR NONPOLAR MOLECULE IS FORMED SHOWS MOLECULAR SHAPE AND POLARITY OF BONDS MEANS PARTIALLY + OR – DUE TO ELECTRON SHIFTS IN THE BOND FRAME FORMATPowerPoint Presentation: LINEAR - LiCl ELECTRONS TRANSFER TO Cl FROM Li & LiCl IS IONIC COLUMN I - S BONDING + - ELECTRONEGATIVITIES Li = 1.0 Cl = 3.0 EN = 2.0 ELECTRONS TRANSFER TO THE CHLORINEPowerPoint Presentation: - + + - + - - + - - + + + - + - + + - - + - - 3D IONIC CRYSTAL LATTICEPowerPoint Presentation: LINEAR - BeCl 2 - + - POLAR BONDS CANCEL & BeCl 2 IS A NONPOLAR MOLECULE COLUMN II - SP BONDING ELECTRONEGATIVITIES Be = 1.5 Cl = 3.0 EN = 1.5 ELECTRONS SHIFT TOWARD CHLORINEPowerPoint Presentation: TRIGONAL PLANAR - BCl 3 (FLAT TRIANGLE) - + ELECTRONEGATIVITIES B= 2.0 Cl = 3.0 EN = 1.0 ELECTRONS SHIFT TOWARD CHLORINE - - POLAR BONDS CANCEL & BCl 3 IS A NONPOLAR MOLECULE COLUMN II - SP 2 BONDINGPowerPoint Presentation: TETRAHEDRAL - CCl 4 - + ELECTRONEGATIVITIES C = 2.5 Cl = 3.0 EN = 0.5 ELECTRONS SHIFT TOWARD CHLORINE - - - POLAR BONDS CANCEL & CCl 4 IS A NONPOLAR MOLECULE COLUMN IV - SP 3 BONDINGPowerPoint Presentation: PYRAMIDAL – NH 3 1 LONE e- PAIR - + + + ELECTRONEGATIVITIES H = 2.1 N = 3.0 EN = 0.9 ELECTRONS SHIFT TOWARD NITROGEN POLAR BONDS DO NOT CANCEL & NH 3 IS A POLAR MOLECULE COLUMN V - SP 3 BONDINGPowerPoint Presentation: ANGULAR (BENT) - H 2 O - + ELECTRONEGATIVITIES H = 2.1 O = 3.5 EN = 1.4 ELECTRONS SHIFT TOWARD OXYGEN + POLAR BONDS DO NOT CANCEL & H 2 O IS A POLAR MOLECULE 2 LONE e- PAIRS COLUMN VI - SP 3 BONDINGPowerPoint Presentation: LINEAR - Cl 2 ELECTRONEGATIVITIES Cl = 3.0 N = 3.0 EN = 0 NO ELECTRON SHIFT Cl 2 HAS NO POLAR BONDS & IS A NONPOLAR MOLECULE COLUMN VII - SP 3 BONDINGPowerPoint Presentation: THE POLARITY OF A MOLECULE IS DETERMINED BY THE PRESENCE OF POLAR BONDS, MOLECULAR SHAPE AND MOLECULAR SYMMETRY GENERALLY, ASSYMETRIC MOLECULES ARE LIKELY TO BE POLAR WHILE SYMMETRICAL MOLECULES TEND TO BE NONPOLAR MOLECULES ARE POLAR WHEN ELECTRONS WITHIN THE MOLECULE SHIFT TOWARDS ONE END OF THE MOLECULE MAKING THAT END NEGATIVE AND LEAVING THE OTHER END POSITIVEPowerPoint Presentation: ASSYMETRIC TETRAHEDRAL - CH 3 Cl + ELECTRONEGATIVITIES H = 2.1 C = 2.5 Cl = 3.0 ELECTRONS SHIFT TOWARD CHLORINE + + - ELECTRONS SHIFT TOWARDS THE MORE ELECTRONEGATIVE Cl & MOLECULE IS POLAR COLUMN IV - SP 3 BONDINGPowerPoint Presentation: POLAR MOLECULES HAVE PROPERTIES DISTINCTLY DIFFERENT FROM NONPOLAR MOLECULES. POLAR MOLECULES ATTRACT EACHOTHER WELL AND HAVE HIGHER MELTING POINTS AND BOILING POINTS AS WELL AS LOWER VAPOR PRESSURES POLAR SOLVENTS DISSOLVE OTHER POLAR COMPOUNDS AND IONIC SUBSTANCES WELL. NONPOLAR SOLVENTS DISSOLVE OTHER NONPOLAR COMPOUNDS WELL. COMBINATIONS OF POLAR AND NONPOLAR SUBSTANCES DONOT DISSOLVE WELLPowerPoint Presentation: - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + INTERACTION OF POLAR MOLECULES STRONG INTERMOLECULAR ATTRACTIONPowerPoint Presentation: NONPOLAR MOLECULES LITTLE INTERACTION BETWEEN MOLECULESPowerPoint Presentation: LONDON FORCES – NONPOLAR MOLECULES PROTONS OF ONE ATOM WEAKLY ATTRACT THE ELECTRONS OF ADJACENT ATOMS AND VISE VERSA + - - + - + - - - He He HePowerPoint Presentation: AN EXCEPTIONALLY STRONG TYPE OF POLAR MOLECULE INTERACTION IS CALLED HYDROGEN BONDING. HYDROGEN BONDING INVOLVES POLAR MOLECULES THAT CONTAIN F-H, O-H OR N-H BONDS. THE STRONG SHIFT IN BONDING ELECTRON PAIRS BETWEEN THESE ATOMS GIVES A VERY HIGH DEGREE OF BOND POLARITY AND GREATLY INCREASES THE DIPOLE NATURE OF THE MOLECULE.PowerPoint Presentation: HYDROGEN BONDING IN H 2 O = HYDROGEN BONDING STRONG COHESIVE FORCES - + + - + + - + + - + + - + + - + +PowerPoint Presentation: THE END