Ions:
Ions What is an ion? An atom or molecule-sized particle with a charge Examples of ions with one atom Na + Cl - H + Mg 2+
How are + ions (cations) made?:
How are + ions (cations) made? Remember how atom is structured Nucleus is + charged Electrons are – charged All chemistry is electron chemistry When you take away a – charge, what is left? Lose an electron and + charge is left Lose two electrons and 2+ charge is left
How are + ions (cations) made? An atom loses an electron:
How are + ions (cations) made? An atom loses an electron When the electron is taken away, what charge is left behind?
How are + ions (cations) made? An atom loses an electron:
How are + ions (cations) made? An atom loses an electron We can symbolize this Na → Na + + e -
What is Ionization Energy?:
What is Ionization Energy? We are tearing + away from - That requires work (energy) That's the ionization energy
How are - ions (cations) made? An atom gains an electron:
How are - ions (cations) made? An atom gains an electron We can symbolize this Cl + e - → Cl - In general, this gives off energy