logging in or signing up Viruses wdorsey Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Copy Does not support media & animations WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 3606 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: March 24, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 2 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript Viruses : Viruses BIOLOGY Figure 27.2 The three domains of life : Figure 27.2 The three domains of life Table 27.2 A Comparison of the Three Domains of Life : Table 27.2 A Comparison of the Three Domains of Life Viruses (Latin, poison) : Viruses (Latin, poison) Are noncellular Size 20-200 nm Always have at least two parts: --an outer capsid composed of protein subunits --an inner core of nucleic acid DNA or RNA May be surrounded by membranous envelope May also contain various proteins, especially enzymes such as polymerases Viruses : Are called obligate intracellular parasites, which means they cannot live outside of a living cell Each kind of virus usually infects one kind of organism and/or one kind of tissue, e.g. hepatitis virus only infects liver cells Believed that viruses are derived from the kind of cell they infect and must have evolved after cells They can mutate and, therefore, they evolve; e.g. flu viruses are constantly mutating Viruses Figure 18.x4 Hepatitis Viruses shapes: : Viruses shapes: Helical—spirals of many protein units called capsomeres Icosahedron—has 20 triangular subunits Bacteriophage—with polyhedral head, tail sheath, and tail fibers May also have membranous envelope and glycoprotein spikes. Virus Classification : Virus Classification Classification is based on: Type of nucleic acid. Size and shape. Presence / absence of outer envelope. Viral Reproduction : Viral Reproduction Lytic cycle may be divided into five stages: Attachment Penetration Biosynthesis Maturation Release Lysogenic Cycle : Lysogenic Cycle Phage becomes a prophage that is integrated into the host genome. Becomes latent, and later may reenter the lytic cycle. Viral Reproduction Reproduction of Animal Viruses : Reproduction of Animal Viruses After animal viruses enter the host cell, uncoating releases viral DNA or RNA and reproduction occurs. If viral release occurs by budding, the viral particle acquires a membranous envelope. Retroviruses Contain reverse transcriptase which carries out RNA ? cDNA transcription. Reproduction of HIV-1 : Reproduction of HIV-1 Infectious Agents Smaller than a Virus : Infectious Agents Smaller than a Virus Viroids naked circular strands of RNA several hundred nucleotides long that infect plants replicate in host cells using cellular enzymes symptoms include abnormal development and stunted growth in the plants one viroid disease has killed over 10 million coconut palms in the Philippines Infectious Agents Smaller than a Virus : Prions protein particles that can cause other proteins in the cell to have a misshapen tertiary structure cause a number of degenerative brain diseases, including scrapie in sheep, mad cow disease, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans Infectious Agents Smaller than a Virus You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Viruses wdorsey Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Copy Does not support media & animations WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 3606 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: March 24, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 2 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript Viruses : Viruses BIOLOGY Figure 27.2 The three domains of life : Figure 27.2 The three domains of life Table 27.2 A Comparison of the Three Domains of Life : Table 27.2 A Comparison of the Three Domains of Life Viruses (Latin, poison) : Viruses (Latin, poison) Are noncellular Size 20-200 nm Always have at least two parts: --an outer capsid composed of protein subunits --an inner core of nucleic acid DNA or RNA May be surrounded by membranous envelope May also contain various proteins, especially enzymes such as polymerases Viruses : Are called obligate intracellular parasites, which means they cannot live outside of a living cell Each kind of virus usually infects one kind of organism and/or one kind of tissue, e.g. hepatitis virus only infects liver cells Believed that viruses are derived from the kind of cell they infect and must have evolved after cells They can mutate and, therefore, they evolve; e.g. flu viruses are constantly mutating Viruses Figure 18.x4 Hepatitis Viruses shapes: : Viruses shapes: Helical—spirals of many protein units called capsomeres Icosahedron—has 20 triangular subunits Bacteriophage—with polyhedral head, tail sheath, and tail fibers May also have membranous envelope and glycoprotein spikes. Virus Classification : Virus Classification Classification is based on: Type of nucleic acid. Size and shape. Presence / absence of outer envelope. Viral Reproduction : Viral Reproduction Lytic cycle may be divided into five stages: Attachment Penetration Biosynthesis Maturation Release Lysogenic Cycle : Lysogenic Cycle Phage becomes a prophage that is integrated into the host genome. Becomes latent, and later may reenter the lytic cycle. Viral Reproduction Reproduction of Animal Viruses : Reproduction of Animal Viruses After animal viruses enter the host cell, uncoating releases viral DNA or RNA and reproduction occurs. If viral release occurs by budding, the viral particle acquires a membranous envelope. Retroviruses Contain reverse transcriptase which carries out RNA ? cDNA transcription. Reproduction of HIV-1 : Reproduction of HIV-1 Infectious Agents Smaller than a Virus : Infectious Agents Smaller than a Virus Viroids naked circular strands of RNA several hundred nucleotides long that infect plants replicate in host cells using cellular enzymes symptoms include abnormal development and stunted growth in the plants one viroid disease has killed over 10 million coconut palms in the Philippines Infectious Agents Smaller than a Virus : Prions protein particles that can cause other proteins in the cell to have a misshapen tertiary structure cause a number of degenerative brain diseases, including scrapie in sheep, mad cow disease, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans Infectious Agents Smaller than a Virus