Cellular_Respiration[1]

Download as
 PPT
Presentation Description 

No description available

Views: 25
Like it  ( Likes) Dislike it  ( Dislikes)
Added: February 17, 2009 This Presentation is Public 
Presentation Category : Education All Rights Reserved
Presentation Statistics
Views on authorSTREAM: 25
Presentation Transcript

Cellular Respiration :Cellular Respiration BIOLOGY


Cellular Respiration :Cellular Respiration Aerobic (requires oxygen) A cellular process that requires oxygen and gives off carbon dioxide. Most often involves breaking down glucose to make CO2, H2O, and ATP.


Glycolysis :Glycolysis Occurs in cytosol. Energy within a glucose is released slowly. Costs 2 ATP to start. (-2) Makes 4 ATP. (+4) Net gain of 2 ATP. (=2) Reactants – glucose Products – pyruvic acid, NADH & ATP


The Krebs cycle :The Krebs cycle Reactants – Pyruvate, NAD+, FAD Has 8 steps with 8 different enzymes. Products – 2 ATP, NADH, FADH2 Occurs in matrix of mitochondria


Electron Transport System :Electron Transport System As electrons pass down the electron transport system, energy is captured and ATP is produced. The total of 32-34 ATP produced by ETS is calculated by allowing 3 ATP per NADH and 2 ATP per FADH2 that enter the ETS. Occurs on the inner membrane folds of mitochondria


Figure 9.5 An introduction to electron transport chains :Figure 9.5 An introduction to electron transport chains


Chemiosmosis couples the electron transport chain to ATP synthesis :Chemiosmosis couples the electron transport chain to ATP synthesis Yellow arrow = electron flow Red arrow = proton flow to form ATP


Figure 9.14 ATP synthase, a molecular mill :Figure 9.14 ATP synthase, a molecular mill


Slide 9:Cellular Respiration Summary


Fermentation :Fermentation Glycolysis followed by reduction of pyruvate to either lactate or alcohol & CO2 Anaerobic (no oxygen) Can provide rapid burst of ATP. Yields only 2 ATP


Fermentation :Fermentation Alcohol--yeast produce wine and beer and cause bread to rise. Lactic Acid—bacteria produce yogurt, sauerkraut, cheese. Also in muscle cells when working anaerobically.


Comparison of Cellular Respiration versus Fermentation :Comparison of Cellular Respiration versus Fermentation One mole of glucose yields 686 kcal. Cellular respiration - 263/686 = 38% of available energy is used. Fermentation - 15/686 or 2% of available energy.


The Formulas :The Formulas Cellular Respiration 6O2 + C6H12O6 ? 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy Long term, continuous use of energy Lactic Acid Fermentation pyruvic acid + NADH ? lactic acid + NAD+ Short spurts of energy in emergency situations then muscle fatigue and cramps Alcoholic Fermentation pyruvic acid + NADh ? alcohol + CO2 + NAD+