logging in or signing up HPV vaccine controversies vkumar Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 606 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (4) Dislike it (0) Added: April 26, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description HPV vaccine as stirred lot of controversies probably because of its ability to decrease the incidence of deadly cancer cervix Comments Posting comment... By: vkumar (20 month(s) ago) thank you very much, i am delighted Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: golu123 (20 month(s) ago) Really wonderful presentation I am an advocate of this vaccination, and needless controversy has hampered its uptake in India & abroad too! Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Controversies of HPV Vaccine : Controversies of HPV Vaccine Veerendrakumar C.M. MD.,DNB Associate ProfessorDept of OBG, VIMS, Bellary. veerendrakumarcm@gmail.com 4/26/2010 1 veeru Human suffering : Human suffering 4/26/2010 veeru 2 Slide 3: HPV has been detected in 99.7% of cervical cancers worldwide, the highest level of association identified for a specific cause of a major human cancer. Walboomers JM et al, J Pathol. 1999; 189:12-9. 4/26/2010 3 veeru Slide 4: evidence has also been linked to cancers of the vulva, vagina, anal canal, peri-anal skin, and penis. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997; 89:1516-23. Gynecol Oncol. 2002; 84:263-70. Cancer Res. 2001; 61:1934-40. Am J Med. 1997; 102:3-8. 4/26/2010 4 veeru Famous Phase III trials HPV vaccines : Famous Phase III trials HPV vaccines FUTURE -Females United to Unilaterally Reduce Endo/Ectocervical Disease PATRICIA - Papilloma Trial Against Cancer In Young Adults . 4/26/2010 veeru 5 Do we know fully about : Do we know fully about The beneficial effects of medical intervention to recommend it ? or The harmful effects before concluding that risks outweigh the benefits ? 4/26/2010 6 veeru Should we err on the side of caution or hope ? : Should we err on the side of caution or hope ? Medical knowledge is always incomplete and ambiguous 4/26/2010 7 veeru Confusion to clarity : Confusion to clarity 4/26/2010 8 veeru Screening - not even tip of iceberg… : Screening - not even tip of iceberg… 4/26/2010 veeru 9 Why Ca cervix not given importance ? : Why Ca cervix not given importance ? 4/26/2010 veeru 10 Universal vaccination : Universal vaccination substantial effect in reducing the morbidity and mortality of cervical cancer in developing countries, where an organized screening program may not exist for all women. Villa LL. Vaccine. 2006; 24(suppl 1):S23-8. 4/26/2010 11 veeru What are the controversies ?..... : What are the controversies ?..... appropriate age at time of vaccination parental concerns vaccination of men women age 26 years or older inadequate long-term efficacy safety data and potential for non vaccine-related strains to emerge as prominent oncogenic serotypes. 4/26/2010 12 veeru AGE ? ACIP recommendations : AGE ? ACIP recommendations (Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices- CDC) Girls age 11 or 12 years should receive the vaccine. The vaccine is most efficacious when administered to an HPV-negative female, it is important to vaccinate patients before potential HPV exposure may occur. 4/26/2010 13 veeru ACS -Guideline for HPV Vaccine : ACS -Guideline for HPV Vaccine administration of the quadrivalent vaccine at an early age provides an optimal opportunity to maximize protection against HPV to prevent Cervical Cancer and Its Precursors. Saslow D et al. CA Cancer J Clin. 2007; 57:7-28. 4/26/2010 14 veeru Promotes Sexual promiscuity ? : Promotes Sexual promiscuity ? 4/26/2010 15 veeru illusion of invulnerability : illusion of invulnerability An invitation to teenage sexual activity ? easy access to oral contraception, distribution of condoms in schools, and increased availability of the "morning-after pill. biennial national surveys conducted between 1991 and 2001 have demonstrated a gradual decline in sexual activity during that interval. Monk BJ, Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 108:420-4. 4/26/2010 16 veeru What influence the sexual behavior? : What influence the sexual behavior? "parental monitoring,“ the influence of peers, the age of the sexual partner. religious beliefs and a fear of pregnancy as the main reasons for not having sex, not the fear of acquiring a sexually transmitted disease.Monk BJ, Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 108:420-4. 4/26/2010 17 veeru Men to be vaccinated ? : Men to be vaccinated ? it seems reasonable that immunization of men may potentially prevent the transmission of the virus to both female and male partners. preventing anogenital warts in men and indirectly preventing anogenital neoplasia and transmission of warts to sexual partners. 4/26/2010 18 veeru Limitations to assess the efficacy men : Limitations to assess the efficacy men problems associated with the collection of cells required for detection of HPV DNA and discomfort in patients during a peniscopy with biopsy. Weaver BA, J Infect Dis. 2004; 189:677-85. 4/26/2010 19 veeru FDA Approves HPV Vaccine for Men and Boys - Oct 2009 : FDA Approves HPV Vaccine for Men and Boys - Oct 2009 4/26/2010 20 veeru Vaccination of Women Older Than 26 Years ? : Vaccination of Women Older Than 26 Years ? FDA denied request for the approval of the quadrivalent vaccine for use in women 27-45 years of age based on cost-effectiveness. (Data collected by the Harvard School of Public Health) 4/26/2010 21 veeru Vaccine efficacy in older women : Vaccine efficacy in older women the efficacy of the vaccine against cervical disease was reduced among women who were HPV seropositive at the time of vaccine administration N Engl J Med. 2007; 356:1915-27. 4/26/2010 22 veeru Long-term Efficacy ? : Long-term Efficacy ? Of the five Phase II and III clinical trials published to date, the longest extended follow-up was 4.5-5 years. 4/26/2010 23 veeru Long term surveillance and follow up required. : Long term surveillance and follow up required. Will prophylactic vaccination still provide benefit against the development of cervical cancer, which usually takes decades? Will a booster injection be required to maintain efficacy? 30 years required to know the efficacy ! 4/26/2010 24 veeru Slide 25: Safety ? 4/26/2010 veeru 25 Slide 26: VAERS received 12,424 adverse reactions out of 23, 051, 336 doses distributed Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System 4/26/2010 26 veeru Slide 27: 54 / 1 lakh vaccines distributed 772 /12,424 were serious events including 32 deaths Only 6 % of the reactions were serious 4/26/2010 27 veeru Relative risks per 1 lakh vaccine dose : Relative risks per 1 lakh vaccine dose 8.2 syncope 7.5 local site reactions 6.8 dizziness 5 nausea 4 head ache 3.1 hypersensitivity reactions 0.2 thromboembolic event 0.1 anaphylaxis and death 0.04 GB Syndrome 0.009 Motor Neuron Disease 4/26/2010 28 veeru Slide 29: Disproportionate reporting of Syncope and thromboembolic events 4/26/2010 29 veeru timesonline.co.uk : timesonline.co.uk Natalie Morton died after receiving a shot for cervical cancer at her school in Coventry. Sept 2009 She reportedly died from a large malignant tumor in her chest. Natalie's condition was reportedly so severe that she could have died at any point: 4/26/2010 30 veeru Media accused of scaremongering on cancer jab death• : Media accused of scaremongering on cancer jab death• "irresponsible" coverage of the death of a girl Guardian 4/26/2010 31 veeru Slide 32: 4/26/2010 32 veeru 8th April 10 : 8th April 10 Centre halts HPV vaccine project following the death of four girls, who were given this vaccine in AP. 4/26/2010 veeru 33 Four deaths not due to flawed cervical cancer vaccine trial 9th April 2010 : Four deaths not due to flawed cervical cancer vaccine trial 9th April 2010 4/26/2010 veeru 34 Slide 35: 2 deaths due to poisoning, 1 due to drowning and 1 due to PUO - Dr.V.M.Katoch, DG of ICMR "I decided to suspend the trials because I wanted to first prove to the public that the allegations are false. I also want the general public to know that all ethical guidelines would be followed in this trial," Katoch said. 4/26/2010 veeru 35 Ethical violation ? : Ethical violation ? The “demonstration project” had no follow-up system in place to deal with the after-effects of the vaccination, the report said. It found that in many schools, only the verbal consent was taken from the hostel warden/ teacher-in-charge to vaccinate girls residing in the hostels and the parents had not been informed about it. 4/26/2010 veeru 36 Vaccine ? Screening ? : Vaccine ? Screening ? Holistic approach required, Women health not to be viewed in bits Research and ethical values must be respected . If safety well established -HPV vaccine may be the immediate answer for cancer especially in India. 4/26/2010 veeru 37 Slide 38: Thank you 4/26/2010 veeru 38 You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
HPV vaccine controversies vkumar Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 606 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (4) Dislike it (0) Added: April 26, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description HPV vaccine as stirred lot of controversies probably because of its ability to decrease the incidence of deadly cancer cervix Comments Posting comment... By: vkumar (20 month(s) ago) thank you very much, i am delighted Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: golu123 (20 month(s) ago) Really wonderful presentation I am an advocate of this vaccination, and needless controversy has hampered its uptake in India & abroad too! Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Controversies of HPV Vaccine : Controversies of HPV Vaccine Veerendrakumar C.M. MD.,DNB Associate ProfessorDept of OBG, VIMS, Bellary. veerendrakumarcm@gmail.com 4/26/2010 1 veeru Human suffering : Human suffering 4/26/2010 veeru 2 Slide 3: HPV has been detected in 99.7% of cervical cancers worldwide, the highest level of association identified for a specific cause of a major human cancer. Walboomers JM et al, J Pathol. 1999; 189:12-9. 4/26/2010 3 veeru Slide 4: evidence has also been linked to cancers of the vulva, vagina, anal canal, peri-anal skin, and penis. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997; 89:1516-23. Gynecol Oncol. 2002; 84:263-70. Cancer Res. 2001; 61:1934-40. Am J Med. 1997; 102:3-8. 4/26/2010 4 veeru Famous Phase III trials HPV vaccines : Famous Phase III trials HPV vaccines FUTURE -Females United to Unilaterally Reduce Endo/Ectocervical Disease PATRICIA - Papilloma Trial Against Cancer In Young Adults . 4/26/2010 veeru 5 Do we know fully about : Do we know fully about The beneficial effects of medical intervention to recommend it ? or The harmful effects before concluding that risks outweigh the benefits ? 4/26/2010 6 veeru Should we err on the side of caution or hope ? : Should we err on the side of caution or hope ? Medical knowledge is always incomplete and ambiguous 4/26/2010 7 veeru Confusion to clarity : Confusion to clarity 4/26/2010 8 veeru Screening - not even tip of iceberg… : Screening - not even tip of iceberg… 4/26/2010 veeru 9 Why Ca cervix not given importance ? : Why Ca cervix not given importance ? 4/26/2010 veeru 10 Universal vaccination : Universal vaccination substantial effect in reducing the morbidity and mortality of cervical cancer in developing countries, where an organized screening program may not exist for all women. Villa LL. Vaccine. 2006; 24(suppl 1):S23-8. 4/26/2010 11 veeru What are the controversies ?..... : What are the controversies ?..... appropriate age at time of vaccination parental concerns vaccination of men women age 26 years or older inadequate long-term efficacy safety data and potential for non vaccine-related strains to emerge as prominent oncogenic serotypes. 4/26/2010 12 veeru AGE ? ACIP recommendations : AGE ? ACIP recommendations (Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices- CDC) Girls age 11 or 12 years should receive the vaccine. The vaccine is most efficacious when administered to an HPV-negative female, it is important to vaccinate patients before potential HPV exposure may occur. 4/26/2010 13 veeru ACS -Guideline for HPV Vaccine : ACS -Guideline for HPV Vaccine administration of the quadrivalent vaccine at an early age provides an optimal opportunity to maximize protection against HPV to prevent Cervical Cancer and Its Precursors. Saslow D et al. CA Cancer J Clin. 2007; 57:7-28. 4/26/2010 14 veeru Promotes Sexual promiscuity ? : Promotes Sexual promiscuity ? 4/26/2010 15 veeru illusion of invulnerability : illusion of invulnerability An invitation to teenage sexual activity ? easy access to oral contraception, distribution of condoms in schools, and increased availability of the "morning-after pill. biennial national surveys conducted between 1991 and 2001 have demonstrated a gradual decline in sexual activity during that interval. Monk BJ, Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 108:420-4. 4/26/2010 16 veeru What influence the sexual behavior? : What influence the sexual behavior? "parental monitoring,“ the influence of peers, the age of the sexual partner. religious beliefs and a fear of pregnancy as the main reasons for not having sex, not the fear of acquiring a sexually transmitted disease.Monk BJ, Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 108:420-4. 4/26/2010 17 veeru Men to be vaccinated ? : Men to be vaccinated ? it seems reasonable that immunization of men may potentially prevent the transmission of the virus to both female and male partners. preventing anogenital warts in men and indirectly preventing anogenital neoplasia and transmission of warts to sexual partners. 4/26/2010 18 veeru Limitations to assess the efficacy men : Limitations to assess the efficacy men problems associated with the collection of cells required for detection of HPV DNA and discomfort in patients during a peniscopy with biopsy. Weaver BA, J Infect Dis. 2004; 189:677-85. 4/26/2010 19 veeru FDA Approves HPV Vaccine for Men and Boys - Oct 2009 : FDA Approves HPV Vaccine for Men and Boys - Oct 2009 4/26/2010 20 veeru Vaccination of Women Older Than 26 Years ? : Vaccination of Women Older Than 26 Years ? FDA denied request for the approval of the quadrivalent vaccine for use in women 27-45 years of age based on cost-effectiveness. (Data collected by the Harvard School of Public Health) 4/26/2010 21 veeru Vaccine efficacy in older women : Vaccine efficacy in older women the efficacy of the vaccine against cervical disease was reduced among women who were HPV seropositive at the time of vaccine administration N Engl J Med. 2007; 356:1915-27. 4/26/2010 22 veeru Long-term Efficacy ? : Long-term Efficacy ? Of the five Phase II and III clinical trials published to date, the longest extended follow-up was 4.5-5 years. 4/26/2010 23 veeru Long term surveillance and follow up required. : Long term surveillance and follow up required. Will prophylactic vaccination still provide benefit against the development of cervical cancer, which usually takes decades? Will a booster injection be required to maintain efficacy? 30 years required to know the efficacy ! 4/26/2010 24 veeru Slide 25: Safety ? 4/26/2010 veeru 25 Slide 26: VAERS received 12,424 adverse reactions out of 23, 051, 336 doses distributed Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System 4/26/2010 26 veeru Slide 27: 54 / 1 lakh vaccines distributed 772 /12,424 were serious events including 32 deaths Only 6 % of the reactions were serious 4/26/2010 27 veeru Relative risks per 1 lakh vaccine dose : Relative risks per 1 lakh vaccine dose 8.2 syncope 7.5 local site reactions 6.8 dizziness 5 nausea 4 head ache 3.1 hypersensitivity reactions 0.2 thromboembolic event 0.1 anaphylaxis and death 0.04 GB Syndrome 0.009 Motor Neuron Disease 4/26/2010 28 veeru Slide 29: Disproportionate reporting of Syncope and thromboembolic events 4/26/2010 29 veeru timesonline.co.uk : timesonline.co.uk Natalie Morton died after receiving a shot for cervical cancer at her school in Coventry. Sept 2009 She reportedly died from a large malignant tumor in her chest. Natalie's condition was reportedly so severe that she could have died at any point: 4/26/2010 30 veeru Media accused of scaremongering on cancer jab death• : Media accused of scaremongering on cancer jab death• "irresponsible" coverage of the death of a girl Guardian 4/26/2010 31 veeru Slide 32: 4/26/2010 32 veeru 8th April 10 : 8th April 10 Centre halts HPV vaccine project following the death of four girls, who were given this vaccine in AP. 4/26/2010 veeru 33 Four deaths not due to flawed cervical cancer vaccine trial 9th April 2010 : Four deaths not due to flawed cervical cancer vaccine trial 9th April 2010 4/26/2010 veeru 34 Slide 35: 2 deaths due to poisoning, 1 due to drowning and 1 due to PUO - Dr.V.M.Katoch, DG of ICMR "I decided to suspend the trials because I wanted to first prove to the public that the allegations are false. I also want the general public to know that all ethical guidelines would be followed in this trial," Katoch said. 4/26/2010 veeru 35 Ethical violation ? : Ethical violation ? The “demonstration project” had no follow-up system in place to deal with the after-effects of the vaccination, the report said. It found that in many schools, only the verbal consent was taken from the hostel warden/ teacher-in-charge to vaccinate girls residing in the hostels and the parents had not been informed about it. 4/26/2010 veeru 36 Vaccine ? Screening ? : Vaccine ? Screening ? Holistic approach required, Women health not to be viewed in bits Research and ethical values must be respected . If safety well established -HPV vaccine may be the immediate answer for cancer especially in India. 4/26/2010 veeru 37 Slide 38: Thank you 4/26/2010 veeru 38