TCP/IP Model

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Presentation on Topic TCP/IP Model Presented By Vakul Sharma

TCP/IP MODEL : 

TCP/IP MODEL TCP/IP WAS DEVELOPED PRIOR THE OSI MODEL. THE LAYERS IN TCP/IP DOES NOT EXACTLY MATCH THAT ARE IN OSI MODEL. BOTH MODEL HAVE DIFFERENT ARCHITECTURE BUT HAVING SAME TRANSPORT LAYER.

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APPLICATION LAYER FTP TRANSPORT LAYER INTERNET LAYER HOST-TO NETWORK LAYER TCP/IP IS A HIERARCHICAL PROTOCOL. WHICH MEANS THAT EACH UPPER LEVEL PROTOCOL IS SUPPORTED BY ONE OR MORE LOWER LEVEL PROTOCOL. SCTP TCP UDP IGMP ICMP IP RARP SMTP

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1. HOST TO HOST NETWORK LAYER :- THE PHYSICAL AND DATA LINK LAYER OF THE OSI MODEL IS SAID TO BE A HOST A NETWORK LAYERIN TCP/IP. IT SUPPORTS ALL THE STANDARD PROTOCOLS. A HOST-TO-HOST NETWORK LAYER IN TCP/IP BE INTERNET WORKED BY USING BOTH LAN & WAN..

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2. Internet layer :- Internet layer includes Various kinds of protocols. Internet Protocol :- It is a connectionless protocol Which is establish an end-to-end connection b/w transmitting data. IP transport data in packets Which are called DATA GRAMS. II. ICMP :- It stands for internet control Message protocol, which is used to handle errors By sending messages.

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III. IGMP :- It stands for internet group management Protocol. It is used to handle multicasting. IV. RARP :- It stands for reverse address resolution Protocol. It allows the host layer to finds its internet Address in order to reach the destination. LAN

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3. Transport Layer :- It is used to transport data b/w application layer & internet layer. Various protocols are:- I. SCTP :- It stands for Stream control transmission protocol supports the newer Applications such as voice over the internet. It combines both the features of UDP & TCP.

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II. UDP :- It stands for “ user Datagram protocol”, UDP is a connectionless transport protocol. It provide the Process-to-Process delivery and error recovery. III. TCP :- It is a connection oriented protocol. A Connection must be established b/w both ends of a transmission before either can transmit data. At sending end data is divided into smaller Units Called segments. Each segment includes a sequence no. for reordering after receipt together with an acknowledgement no. of the segments received. At receiving end all datagram as comes be reorder as they sends on sequence no.’s.

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4. Application Layer :- Application Layer provides access to the network resources. FTP :- FTP used to transfer files b/w two sites/places. SMTP:- SMTP is ”SERVICE MAIL TRANSFER PROTOCOL” & used to provide the service of electronic mail on internet.