3 Generic Water

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Water & Biodiversity Water & Biodiversity Location / Region Date a presentation by Presenter SUDS Pond, Bicester. © Environment Agency © Rodin Group UK Domestic water use. © Environment Agency

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Overview Pressure on water resources Flood risk Biodiversity & Amenity Loss Appropriate Applications Benefits The Issues The Measures

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Pressures on Water Resources Population, household size and affluence – 3.3 million more households in England and Wales between1996 and 2016, particularly in the south east (e.g. Thames Gateway) Climate change – There is increasing evidence that our climate is changing andthis could affect both the demand for water and its availability. increased variability from year to year Rainfall will generally be higher, but concentrated in fewer bursts of rain and more in winter www.environment-agency.gov.uk/climatechange

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Pressures on Water Resources © Environment Agency 2003 2010 2030

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Welsh Planning Policy 12.2.1 Local planning authorities should promote increased efficiency and demand management of water resources, particularly in those areas where additional water resources may not be available; 10.2… Therefore sustainable drainage systems (SuDS) should be implemented, wherever they will be effective, in all new development proposals, irrespective of the zone in which they are located. Appendix 4 - Sustainable Drainage Systems [technical guidance] Planning Policy Wales TAN 15 Development and Flood Risk. (Consultation Draft)

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Planning Policy and Biodiversity 5.4.6 Part 2 of the UDP should: provide for the conservation and, where appropriate, enhancement of biodiversity and landscape outside statutorily designated areas; 28. Statutory sites and non-statutory sites, together with features which provide wildlife corridors, links or stepping stones from one habitat to another, all contribute to the network necessary to ensure the maintenance of the current range and diversity of our flora, fauna, geological and landform features and the survival of important species. Planning Policy Wales TAN 5Nature Conservation and Planning

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English Planning PolicyDraft PPS 9 Biodiversity and Geological Conservation ‘Development policies should promote opportunities for the incorporation of beneficial biodiversity and geological features within the design of development.’ ‘Biodiversity within developments Development proposals provide many opportunities for building-in beneficial biodiversity features or elements as part of good design. When considering proposals, local planning authorities should, as far as is practical, maximise such opportunities in and around developments, using planning obligations where appropriate.’ Key Principle 1.vii: Paragraph 13:

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English Planning PolicyPPG 25 Development and flood risk Local planning authorities should, therefore, work closely with the Environment Agency, sewerage undertakers, navigation authorities and prospective developers to enable surface-water run-off to be controlled as near to the source as possible by the encouragement of sustainable drainage systems.’ Para. 42:

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Regional Planning PolicyYorkshire & Humber - Proposed Changes to Draft RPG 12 ‘Local and regional authorities and agencies and others should:- a) Minimise resource demands from development, redevelopment and improvement by:-… v) promoting the maximum use of opportunities for sustainable water use measures in all new development and the application of such measures in existing buildings;… ’ Policy S6 Sustainable use of physical resources:

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Regional Planning PolicyYorkshire & Humber - Proposed Changes to Draft RPG 12 ‘In preparing development plans and where necessary other strategies authorities should:- Water conservation…f) Promote the more efficient use of water in development through reuse and recycling measures, metering and leakage reduction. Drainage…g) Promote the use and maintenance of sustainable drainage techniques. ’ Policy R3 Water resources and drainage:

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Regional Planning PolicyYorkshire & Humber - Proposed Changes to Draft RPG 12 ‘In addition to internationally and nationally designated sites, local planning authorities should identify and develop policies for areas important to conservation of biodiversity (drawing on Local Biodiversity Action Plans and with reference to the Regional Biodiversity Audit and the National Species and Habitat Action Plans)….’ Policy N1 Biodiversity:

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Regional Planning PolicySouth East of England - RPG 9 ‘8 Development should be located and designed to enable more sustainable use of the Region’s natural resources, in the supply of food, water, energy, minerals and timber, in the effective management of waste, the promotion of renewable energy sources and to assist in reducing pollution of air, land and water; 9 There should be continued protection and enhancement of the Region’s biodiversity, internationally and nationally important nature conservation areas, and enhancement of its landscape and built and historic heritage;’ Key Development Principles:

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Regional Planning PolicySouth East of England - RPG 9 ‘b. iii. it is important to maximise the essential contribution which open spaces, green corridors and trees can make to urban and rural areas in terms of their benefits for wildlife habitats, recreational and cultural value and wider environmental and social benefits. English Nature can advise on targets for accessible natural greenspace provision’ ‘The Region’s biodiversity should be maintained and enhanced with positive action to achieve the targets set in national and local biodiversity action plans through planning decisions and other measures…’ Policy Q2: Policy E2:

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Regional Planning PolicySouth East of England - RPG 9 ‘a Development plans should:… iii promote the introduction of water conservation measures and sustainable urban drainage solutions. Detailed supplementary planning guidance or site specific development briefs can help to facilitate the adoption of these measures.’’ Policy INF2:

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Pressures on Water Resources Breakdown of water use(Based on EcoHomes water consumption calculator):  30% Saving from simple measures

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Water Conservation Measures WCs – Low/Dual Flush Taps – Regulated/Controlled Urinals – Controlled/Waterless Showers – Reduced flow Dishwashers Washing machines Water Efficient Sanitaryware Water Efficient Appliances © Ideal Standard © Ideal Standard © Bosch www.environment-agency.gov.uk/savewater/

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Water Conservation Measures Water Reuse: Rainwater collection Greywater use Both can be for internal and/or external use © RAINHARVESTING SYSTEMS www.environment-agency.gov.uk/savewater/

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Flood Risk, Biodiversity and Amenity Impermeable/hard surfaces, and traditional drainage: -Increase the risk of flooding downstream -Reduce local groundwater Flood Risk Potential for Biodiversity & Amenity use Traditional drainage systems also don’t allow adding to biodiversity and amenity.

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Flood Mitigation Measures Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS)- Ponds reed beds/wetlands- Permeable paving- Swales, - Soakaways Current adoption issues are being addressed: www.ciria.org/suds/ Flood Risk Mitigation Infiltration trench cross sectional © Environment Agency Roadside swale, Woking © Environment Agency Balancing pond, Woking © Environment Agency

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Biodiversity – Species and habitat loss Sustainable Development Indicators for Wales, 2004 ‘Wild bird populations are considered to be a good indicator of the broad state of the wildlife...’ Source: Defra, RSPB

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Biodiversity – Species and habitat loss Proportion of Woodland and Farmland bird species that increased, declined or showed little change: 1970 - 1994 ‘Regional quality of life counts: 2003’, Defra

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Biodiversity Basics Sources of nectar, edible nuts, seeds and berries Introduce artificial ponds, swales and rainfall catchments Areas of dense tree, shrub and tall grass cover, leaves, logs and stones can also provide cover Vegetation that protects from elements and freedom from disturbance; introduce artificial sites where necessary Food Water Cover Breeding ‘Biodiversity by Design - A guide for sustainable communities’ TCPA, English Nature, RSPB, 2004.www.tcpa.org.uk/content_files/TCPA biodiversity guide_lowres.pdf

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Biodiversity Advice - The UK Government's response to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) signed in 1992 - Has 391 Species Action Plans, 45 Habitat Action Plans and 162 Local Biodiversity Action Plans with targeted actions www.ukbap.org.uk ‘5.4.2 The UKBAP objectives should be taken into account in the development of UDP policies.’ Planning Policy Wales UK Biodiversity Action Plans

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Biodiversity Advice Anglesey Blaenau Gwent (also included in GWENTBAG area) Brecon Beacons National Park Bridgend (also included in GLAMBAG area) Caerphilly (also included in GLAMBAG and GWENTBAG areas) Camarthenshire Cardiff County Ceredigion Conway County Borough Denbighshire Flintshire Glamorgan Glamorgan Vice Counties (Bridgend, Swansea, Neath Port Talbot, Rhondda Cynon taff, Cardiff, Merthyr Tydfil, Caerphilly, Cardiff, Vale of Glamorgan) Biodiversity Action Plans in Wales Greater Gwent (Blaenau Gwent, Caerphilly, Torfaen, Monmouthshire, Newport) Gwynedd County outside Snowdonia National Park Merthyr Tydfil Monmouthshire Neath, Port Talbot Newport Pembrokeshire & Pembrokeshire Coast National Park Powys Rhondda, Cynon, Taff Snowdonia National Park Swansea Torfaen Wales country Wrexham www.ukbap.org.uk/GenPageText.aspx?id=30

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Biodiversity Advice AWTC - Association of Wildlife Trust Consultancies www.awtc.co.uk IEMA - Institute of Environmental Management and Assessmentwww.iema.net IEEM - Institute of Ecology and Environmental Managementwww.ieem.org.uk Consultant Ecologist Advice Regional Advice: SEEDA Building for Naturewww.seeda.co.uk/Publications/docs/BuildingForNature.pdf Biodiversity Checklist: Developer’s guidancewww.cambridgeshire.gov.uk/sub/cntryside/biodiv/ccc/bioplan

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Benefits - Reduced water costs- Potential for increased amenity - Address local planning policies- Selling point - Reduced flood control costs - More natural distribution of water- Increased biodiversity Occupier Developer Local Authority Environment