asd

SMART ANTENNAS: 

SMART ANTENNAS PRESENTATION BY ZUBAIR AHMED ( 1OX06EC078 ) ECE

CONTENTS: 

CONTENTS WHAT IS SMART ANTENNA ? TYPES OF SMART ANTENNAS SWITCHED BEAM ANTENNAS ADAPTIVE ARRAY ANTENNAS COMPARISION BETWEEN SWITCHED BEAM AND ADAPTIVE ARRAY SDMA(SPACE DIVISION MULTIPLI ACCESS) AIM SMART ANTENNA VS OTHER ANTENNA OVERVIEW OF SMART ANTENNA SYSTEM (SAS) FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION SMART ANTENNA USED TO OPTIMISE CDMA CAPCITY APPLICATION ADVANTAGES CONCLUSION

What is SMART ANTENNA ? : 

What is SMART ANTENNA ? A smart antenna consists of an antenna array, that changes the array pattern in response to Signal environment to improve the performance of a communication system

TYPES OF SMART ANTENNA : 

TYPES OF SMART ANTENNA Smart antenna systems are customarily categorized into , SWITCHED BEAM ANTENNA ADAPTIVE ARRAY ANTENNA

SWITCHED BEAM ANTENNAS : 

SWITCHED BEAM ANTENNAS These antenna systems detect signal strength, choose from one of several predetermined, fixed beams, and switch from one beam to another as the mobile moves throughout the sector.

SWITCHED BEAM ANTENNAS: 

SWITCHED BEAM ANTENNAS Figure- Switched Beam System Coverage Patterns (Sectors)

ADAPTIVE ARRAY ANTENNAS: 

ADAPTIVE ARRAY ANTENNAS Adaptive antenna technology provides optimal gain while simultaneously identifying, tracking, and minimizing interfering signals.

ADAPTIVE ARRAY ANTENNAS: 

ADAPTIVE ARRAY ANTENNAS Figure- Adaptive Array Coverage

COMPARISION OF SWITCHED BEAM ANTENNA AND ADAPTIVE ARRAYS : 

COMPARISION OF SWITCHED BEAM ANTENNA AND ADAPTIVE ARRAYS CRITERIA SWITCHED BEAM ADAPTIVE ARRAYS INTEGERATION Easy to implement Low cost Transceiver complexity High cost Less hardware redundancy RANGE/COVERAGE More coverage compared to conventional systems Less coverage compared to adaptive array More coverage compared to switched beam system INTERFERENCE REJECTION D ifficultyindistinguishing between desired signal and interferer D oes not react to the movement of nterferers. F ocusing is narrower C apable of nulling interfering signals

SDMA(SPACE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS: 

SDMA(SPACE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS More than one user can be allocated to the same physical communications channel simultaneously in the same cell separated by angle only. This is the next step in an evolutionary path toward increasing the capacity of cellular systems.

SDMA(SPACE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS: 

SDMA(SPACE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS

THE AIM OF SMART ANTENNA SYSTEM: 

THE AIM OF SMART ANTENNA SYSTEM To maximize the antenna gain in the desired direct ion To minimize the gain in directions of interferers

SMART ANTENNA VS OTHER ANTENNAS : 

SMART ANTENNA VS OTHER ANTENNAS They can null out interference from other nodes. Contains an array of antennas elements and decide on which elements to receive signals (or transmit on) from and how much power to use on each element. Spatial diversity.

OVERVIEW OF SMART ANTENNA SYSTEM (SAS) FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION: 

OVERVIEW OF SMART ANTENNA SYSTEM (SAS) FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION SAS is equipped in base station (BS) with a pattern that is not fixed but adapts to the current radio conditions. Traditional omni -directional or sectored antennas not only “Waste” power but also interfere to other users. Smart antenna is a “ Spatial Filter ” that directs a beam toward desired user only. It consists of a number of radiating elements, a combining/dividing network, a control unit (DSP).

SMART ANTENNA USED TO OPTIMISE CDMA CAPCITY: 

SMART ANTENNA USED TO OPTIMISE CDMA CAPCITY Traffic load balancing Handoff overhead management Interference control

TRAFFIC LOAD BALANCING : 

TRAFFIC LOAD BALANCING Load Balancing : SAS rotates sectors and changes beamwidth

HANDOFF OVERHEAD MANAGEMENT: 

HANDOFF OVERHEAD MANAGEMENT

INTERFERENCE CHALLENGES: 

INTERFERENCE CHALLENGES

APPLICATION: 

APPLICATION cellular and wireless networks radar electronic warfare (EWF) as a countermeasure to electronic jamming satellite systems

ADVANTAGES OF SMART ANTENNA: 

ADVANTAGES OF SMART ANTENNA Enhance coverage through Range extension Improve building penetration and Hole filling Reduce delay spread (time dispersion) because fewer scatters are illuminated Reduce co-channel interference (CCI) and multiple access interference (MAI) Link quality can be improved through multipath management Improve system capacity Helps to isolate the uplink signals from different users, reduce the power control burden

CONCLUSION: 

CONCLUSION A smart antenna is a digital wireless communications antenna system that takes advantage of diversity effect at the source (transmitter), the destination (receiver), or both. SAS can generate a set of “ flexible ” beams. In what follows, the pattern, beamwidth , and gain of each beam can be adjusted even adapted individually to optimize the capacity of a CDMA network. Specifically, unlike the conventional scheme, no tower climbing and no physical changing of antenna orientation are needed. All the required sector orientation and beamwidths are software-controllable, remotely configurable.

THANK YOU : 

THANK YOU THE END