BRE Geothermal Geothe 2009 11 19

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1 Contribution to the Conference on “Integrating Renewable Energy in Architectural Design” Geothermal Energy – the smart solution for efficient heating and cooling. Jörg Uhde, BAUER Resources GmbH – joerg.uhde@bauer.de

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2 The BAUER Group Shallow geothermal energy Dimensioning and planning Quality management Examplary installations Results Contents

History For More Than Two Centuries : 

3 History For More Than Two Centuries At the end of the 1970ies: beginning of Internationalisation Beginning of 1990ies: Development of business area civil engineering/environmental technology 1950's 1970's 2000+ 1790 1980's 1960's 1990's Business year 2006: EUR 980 Mio. result BAUer Group,5,541 employees 2006 July 4th 2006: initial public offering Sep. 2006: initial listing on SDAX Beginning of the 1970ies: start of equipment construction business Company foundation as blacksmith After World war II: beginning of construction business Beginning of the 1980ies: Selling equipment to external customers 2006 2007 2007 Formation of BAUER Resources GmbH

BAUER Spezialtiefbau GmbHEgypt - Alexandria San Stefano Complex : 

4 BAUER Spezialtiefbau GmbHEgypt - Alexandria San Stefano Complex

BAUER Spezialtiefbau GmbHDubai - Burj Dubai : 

5 BAUER Spezialtiefbau GmbHDubai - Burj Dubai

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6 BAUER Maschinen GmbHPéribonka Cutter

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7 „state of the art“ BAUER Maschinen GmbHPRAKLA RB 30 GT Geothermal drilling rig

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8 BAUER Maschinen GmbHPRAKLA RB 8 Geothermal drilling rig

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9 BAUER Resources GmbH - EnvironmentBlack Water Treatment - Katar - Biological Purification Plant

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10 BAUER Resources GmbH - Exploration & Mining Bulk Sampling - BG 48 South Africa De Beers

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11 BAUER Resources GmbH - Exploration & Mining RC LDD 18" - Kimberlite - RG 40 - Lesotho - South Africa

BAUER Resources - Exploration & MiningDeep Drilling operations : 

12 BAUER Resources - Exploration & MiningDeep Drilling operations

BAUER Resources - Exploration & MiningSITE GROUP Jordan - 500 t rig : 

13 BAUER Resources - Exploration & MiningSITE GROUP Jordan - 500 t rig

BAUER Resources GmbH - Materials Division Products for well drilling : 

14 BAUER Resources GmbH - Materials Division Products for well drilling

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15 BAUER Resources GmbH - Materials DivisionDuplex Probe for Geotermal borehole heatexchangers

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BAUER Resources GmbH - Materials Division GF-Tec Development and Production of geothermal components

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90 % of the earth are hotter than 1000° C Geothermal Energy

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18 Shallow Geothermal Energy is energy witch is stored as heat underneath the earth‘s surface. In a depth of 15 m the ground temperatures are permanently about 15° - 20° C and increase by depth at 3°C per 100 m. Shallow Geothermal Energy can permanently be used without respect of season and time of the day. Geothermal Energy is an inexaustible energy source Buildings present one of the best opportunities to economically reduce energy consumption and limit greenhouse gas emissions. Shallow Geothermal Energy

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19 Constant temperatures of the heat source allow high COP (coefficient of performance) and custom tailored sytems with high seasonal performance factor Ground loops require a minimum surface area Maintanance free use of the heat source Suited to modernise heating systems Geothermal heat pumps are environmental. They generate no on site emissions and have the lowest emissions among all heating and cooling technologies Shallow Geothermal Energy

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20 A geothermal heat pump is equipment which uses the ground or ground water as a thermal energy source to heat a building, or as a thermal energy sink to cool a building allowing much higher efficiencies of than conventional systems. The most efficient fuel-burning heaters can reach efficiencies around 95%, but a geothermal heat pump can move up to 4 units of heat for every unit of electricity needed to power the system, resulting in a practical equivalence of over 400% efficiency. Geothermal heat pumps

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21 Ground Source Heat Pump market and deployment in Europe old and strong recent and strong emerging Shallow Geothermal Energy in Europe

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Very large Borehole Heat Exchanger (BHE) plants in Europe European Geothermal Energy Council

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Transfer of energy: sommer/winter  saisonal storage of energy Cooling as byproduct of heating Reducing of primary energy costs Cooling in summer leads to regenerate the underground geothermal storage Underground Thermal Energy Storage

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The borehole has to be refilled with thermal enhanced grouting material Filling of the BHE with water and anti- freeze agent(brine) The heat is adsorbed by the BHE The HP transfers the thermal energy to a usefull level for the heating system of the building The cold brine get warmed up again by the underground Geothermal heat pumps - function

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A refrigerator is "air source" since it uses the air in the house as the heat sink for the heat that it removes from the food. Heat Pump - Function

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26 Borehole heat exchangers

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27 Energy piles

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28 Connection of borehole heat exchangers

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29 Proper design is required in particular for large installations Thermal Response Test to determine ground parameters Dimensioning and planning Calculation with simple software (EED, (above) or numerical simulation (below)

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30 Fluidtemperatures in year 2 and 25 Dimensioning and planning

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31 31 Procedual method a constant amount of heat is applied to the subsoil and the temperature response is measured In-situ measurements of the thermal conductance allow planners to carry out their measurements without safety margins Dimensioning and planning

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32 32 Dimensioning and planning

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33 33 Dimensioning and planning

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34 Necessary data and steps for basic evaluation cooling requirements [kW] heating requirements [kW] heat energy: [kWh/year] cooling energy: [kWh/year] thermal simulation of the buildings benificial to basic evaluation geologic profile of the site expected base temperature in the ground loop circuit [°C] Dimensioning and planning

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70 Probes of 152 m Quelle: Geowatt Dimensioning and planning

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36 Ground source heat pumps – heating systems Under floor heating

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Ground source heat pumps – heating systems Fan coils

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38 Geothermal Heat Pumps - A success story

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39 Geothermal Heat Pumps - A success story

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Supported by GEOTRAINET – a European initiative for training and education of planers, drillers and installers of Geothermal Heat Pumps Quality management

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41 Level of skills to be achieved and certified understanding geological and geothermal parameters of the underground familiarity with different drilling and digging technologies, choice of the optimum drilling method, ability to install borehole heat exchangers, to grout, backfill or otherwise complete the ground source system ability to construct groundwater wells ability to perform the relevant documentation Quality management

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42 Retrofitting of an office building

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43 Heating and cooling with ground source heat pumps Reconstruction in 2005 Reducing of emissions in downtown area heating and cooling for better comfort use of renewable energy from the ground 12 ground loops each with a depth of 200 m instead of 20 for heating only! Retrofitting of an office building

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44 Key figures Heat generation  167.350 kWh/y Cooling  83.320 kWh/y Power requirement  49.793 kWh/y (42.048 kWh HG + 7.745 kWh C) costs  4.332 €/y (1,73 €/m²*y) alternative costs  13.328 €/y (5,33 €/m²*y) with gas boiler and „conventional AC system Retrofitting of an office building

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45 trend of heating- and coolingloads Retrofitting of an office building

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46 Thermal simulation of the building - heating- and coolingloads - Retrofitting of an office building

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47 Technical data 40 ground loops each with a depth of 130 m 2 heat pumps each with 150 kW heating power panel heating system cooling requirements (air-conditioning) 225 kW heating requirements (heating) 300 kW base load peak load with existent 600 kW – gasboiler not in use! Factory and office building

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48 Factory and office building

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49 Technical data 20 ground loops each with a depth of 99 m 2 gas absorption heat pumps panel heating system with a surface of 2,000 m² direct cooling Frankfurt Zoo - Bonoboland

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Zoo Frankfurt - Bonoboland

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51 Technical data 112 ground loops with a depth of 85 m cooling requirements 674 kW heating requirement 915 kW heat energy: 795.627 kWh per year cooling energy: 580.817 kWh per year peak load coverage by gas boiler and air cooled chiller The expected base temperature in the ground loop circuit will be about 22 °C because of a geothermal anomality. Therefore natural cooling is impossible and a reversible heat pump is required New building for the public order office in Frankfurt

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52 New building for the public order office in Frankfurt

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53 New building for the public order office in Frankfurt

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54 New building for the public order office in Frankfurt

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55 Environment-friendly and self-sustaining green buildings for the Latin-University of Madaba with renewable geothermal resources to generate the energy required for cooling and heating systems Impressive new projects in Jordan

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56 New campus for the German-Jordanian-University in Madaba Optional geothermal heating and cooling? Impressive new projects in Jordan

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57 exactly planned and well realised ground loop fields are economical of long duration and reliable environmental friendly high efficiency of ground-coupled heat pumps Basic evaluation Thermal simulation of buildings Geothermal response test Results

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58 Geothermal – the energy under your feet

Thank you for your attention ! : 

59 Thank you for your attention ! BAUER Drilling Services Machinery Resources Construction Passionate about progress