renaissance

Renaissance and Reformation : 

Renaissance and Reformation

Overview : 

Overview From 1350 to 1600 is labeled the Renaissance or rebirth Refers to the political ideas, art, philosophy and literature of ancient Greece and Rome For centuries Western Europeans had accepted the hardships of their lives as a preparation for life after death By the 1300’s, however, people began to question this attitude This is due in part because people began to rediscover the works of the Roman and Greek philosophers The Greeks in particular believed strongly in individual excellence

Overview : 

Overview People began to believe that they had potential for accomplishment These beliefs are called humanism

Italy : 

Italy The first humanists were Italian They were knowledgeable of Greek and Roman heritages In addition, the Italian city-states of Venice, Florence and Milan were trade and economic centers Italian merchants turned to the arts as a means of gaining prestige From Italy the Renaissance spread throughout parts of Western Europe

Renaissance Art : 

Renaissance Art Popes, kings and wealthy merchants would commission local artist to create personalized paintings, sculptures and works of literature Renaissance artists focused on religious themes and also emphasized individuals by painting/sculpting portraits of church officials, kings/queens, nobles Artists attempted to make their work as lifelike as possible

Renaissance : 

Renaissance Many Renaissance artists found inspiration in Greek and Roman art, which was very realistic Anatomy Around 1400, oil paints came into wide use, which were slow drying This enabled artists to work slowly and more carefully

Renaissance : 

Renaissance Artists experimented with techniques that gave a three-dimensional quality to flat surfaces

Leonardo da Vinci : 

Leonardo da Vinci Leonardo da Vinci was considered a true “Renaissance Man”… meaning, a person with many talents He was a painter, natural scientist, inventor, architect, mapmaker and a musician His notebook contained more than 5,000 pages on which he sketched plants, animals, the human body and inventions

Slide 9: 

Leonardo da Vinci

Slide 10: 

Mona Lisa

Slide 11: 

The Last Supper

Slide 12: 

The Man

Michelangelo : 

Michelangelo Michelangelo Buonarroti worked on a gigantic scale Lying on his back, he painted the Biblical story of the creation of the world on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican, which took 4 years to complete

Slide 15: 

Sistine Chapel

Slide 16: 

Sistine Chapel

Slide 17: 

David

Renaissance Architecture : 

Renaissance Architecture Architecture followed designs and ideas of ancient Greece/Rome Focused on Greek columns and Roman arches and domes Best known example is St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome (dome was designed by Michelangelo)

Slide 20: 

St. Peter's Basilica

Renaissance Literature : 

Renaissance Literature Famous literature includes: Dante Alighieri wrote The Divine Comedy – imaginary trip through hell, purgatory and paradise Geoffrey Chaucer wrote The Canterbury Tales – a collection of 25 tales told by pilgrims on their way to Canterbury

Renaissance Philosophy : 

Renaissance Philosophy Niccolo Machiavelli was a political philosopher who wrote The Prince Dealt with the relationship between government and people He believed that a ruler should use whatever means necessary to remain in power and to build a strong, peaceful state – including lying

Renaissance Drama : 

Renaissance Drama William Shakespeare was considered the most influential playwright of his time Wrote tragedies, historical plays and comedies Includes Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, Macbeth and Midsummer Night’s Dream

Importance of Printing : 

Importance of Printing Humanism spread quickly throughout Western Europe during the Renaissance because the art of printing had been perfected Europeans adapted block printing from the Chinese A German named Johann Gutenberg developed a method of molding individual letters from metal This revolutionized bookmaking First book that Gutenberg printed was the __________

Astronomy : 

Astronomy During the Middle Ages most Western Europeans relied on the teachings of the Catholic Church to explain how and why the universe worked It was accepted that the sun, stars and the moon revolved around the earth Nicolaus Copernicus was the first to challenge this theory He believed that the earth orbited around the sun His ideas were the beginning of the Scientific Revolution led to the scientific method

Astronomy : 

Astronomy Galileo Galilei constructed a telescope and saw moons revolving around the planet Jupiter His observations supported Copernicus This led Pope Gregory XIII to change the calendar system in place, and the new Gregorian calendar was started