biometrics

BIOMETRICS AUTHENTICATION:

BIOMETRICS AUTHENTICATION

INTRODUCTION:

INTRODUCTION Securing personal privacy and deterring identity theft are national priorities. These goals are essential to our democracy and our economy, and inherently important to our citizens. A large percentage of the people are involved in finding a solution that can protect their privacy and prevent their identity from being stolen and misused.

Concepts of Security:

Concepts of Security There are three basic ,independent concepts related to security: Identification Authentication Authorization

Requirements of Security systems:

Requirements of Security systems The following are the requirements which are to be satisfied by a biometric characteristic: Universality Distinctiveness Permanence Collectability Performance Acceptability Circumvention

SOLUTION :

SOLUTION BIOMETRICS is one such technology, that promises to overcome all security related issues .

Biometric systems :

Biometric systems A biometric system is a pattern recognition system which operates by : Acquiring the biometric data Extracting the feature set Comparing this set with the templates stored in the database .

WHAT ACTUALLY BIOMETRIC IS??:

WHAT ACTUALLY BIOMETRIC IS?? Biometrics refers to technologies for measuring and analyzing a person's physiological or behavioural characteristics, such as: VOICE PATTERN FACIAL PATTERNS FINGERPRINTS for identification and verification purposes.

DEFINITION:

DEFINITION BIO = PERTAINING TO BIOLOGY & METRICS = SCIENCE OR ART OF MEASUREMENT Generally, the study of measurable biological characteristics. In computer security , biometrics refers to authentication techniques that rely on measurable physical characteristics that can be automatically checked.

WHY BIOMETRICS ???:

WHY BIOMETRICS ??? With numerous devices, traditional paradigm of user name and password based scenarios are not practical. Only authorized users should have access to data and services. Biometrics provide an unobtrusive and convenient authentication mechanism. Advantages of biometrics: Uniqueness No need to remember passwords or carry tokens Biometrics cannot be lost, stolen or forgotten More secure than a long password Solves repudiation problem Not susceptible to traditional dictionary attacks

TWO MAIN USES:

TWO MAIN USES IDENTFICATION -figure out “Who a person is?” - determining the identity of a suspect. VERIFICATION -answer the question “Is this the person?” - used for accessing places or information.

Modes of Biometric Systems:

Modes of Biometric Systems Biometric systems operate in two modes Verification Identification The procedure of biometric system is shown in the following diagram

TYPES OF BIOMETRICS:

TYPES OF BIOMETRICS BIOMETRICS Behavioral Physical Voice recognition Facial recognition Signature Iris scan Keystroke Retinal scan Finger print DNA

How it Works????:

How it Works???? DIGITAL SENSOR SIGNAL PROCESSING ALGORITHMS DATA STORAGE MATCHING ALGORITHM DECISION PROCESS

BIOMETRICS IDENTIFICATION:

BIOMETRICS IDENTIFICATION VOICE RECOGNITION FINGER PRINT IRIS PATTERN HAND GEOMETRY RETINAL SCAN KEYSTROKE DYNAMICS FACIAL RECOGNITION SIGNATURE RECOGNITION DNA SCAN RECOGNITION

Commonly used biometrics:

Commonly used biometrics

Face Recognition:

Face Recognition

FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION:

FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION Finger print is also called finger scanning. To scan the finger print, a special kind of scanner that can work with optical rays is used. it fetches the diagram of finger print & delivers it to the computer where a special programmer measures the distance between the special features & that print. Here, those special features are core, split, island, end &delta. Most fingerprint data takes up around 250kb

FINGERPRINT SCAN PROCESS :

FINGERPRINT SCAN PROCESS

Slide 21:

General Biometric System Database Biometric Sensor Feature Extraction Biometric Sensor Feature Extraction Matching ID : 8809 Authentication Enrollment Result

APPLICATION OF BIOMETRICS:

APPLICATION OF BIOMETRICS Biometric Time Clocks or Biometric time and attendance systems, which are being increasingly used in various organisations    to control employee timekeeping. Biometric safes and biometric locks, provides security to the homeowners. Biometric access control systems, providing strong security at entrances. Biometric systems are also developed for securing access to pc's and providing single logon facilities. Wireless biometrics for high end security and providing safer transactions from wireless devices like PDA's, etc. Applications of biometrics technology in identifying DNA patterns for identifying criminals, etc. Biometrics airport security devices are also deployed at some of the world's famous airports to enhance the security standards .

AUTHENTICATION CAN BE DONE BY:

AUTHENTICATION CAN BE DONE BY Fingerprint only (needs a fingerprint reader) Face only (needs a webcam/camera) Fingerprint and Face (needs a fingerprint reader and a webcam/camera)

Standard Video Camera :

Standard Video Camera

Input processing :

Input processing The pre-processing module adjusts the surrounding lighting conditions and also locates the eye position. At the end of this stage a feature set corresponding to an individual’s face is obtained.

Face image classification:

Face image classification The main component of image classification and decision making is the synergetic computer

Errors in Biometrics:

Errors in Biometrics Difference in the biometric samples of the same person may also occur . This may be due to many reasons. Two types of errors may be seen in biometric systems, they are: False accept error. False reject error. Threshold value decides the performance of the system.

Applications of Biometric Systems:

Applications of Biometric Systems The applications of the biometric systems can be classified into the following categories: Commercial applications Government applications Forensic applications

BIOMETRICS IN SMART CARD SYSTEM:

BIOMETRICS IN SMART CARD SYSTEM Biometrics add an additional layer of security to a smart card system Smart cards provide the “something you have”factor. The “Something you know”is usually a PIN Integrating a finger print scanner into a smart card reader increases security by adding “something you are”

BIOMETRICS IN INDIA:

BIOMETRICS IN INDIA India which is perpetually under the threat of terrorism and security breach, is gearing up to adopt various biometric methods. It is used in : Defense and Security Industry Police Administration Home Affairs (IDs) Libraries

CONCLUSION:

CONCLUSION Technology is growing rapidly, but at the same time security breaches and transaction frauds are also in the increase world over. All agencies including Libraries who are in need of security, surveillance and safety have to adopt biometrics. “THE FUTURE DEPENDS ON WHAT WE DO IN THE PRESENT” -MAHATMA GANDHIJI- Let us hope for a safe and secure future!!!

THANKS !!!:

THANKS !!!