Romanticism :Romanticism Romanticism is a complex artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the Industrial Revolution.[1] It was partly a revolt against aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature, and was embodied most strongly in the visual arts, music, and literature. The movement stressed strong emotion as a source of aesthetic experience, placing new emphasis on such emotions as trepidation, horror, and the awe experienced in confronting the sublimity in untamed nature and its qualities that are "picturesque", both new aesthetic categories. It elevated folk art and custom, as well as arguing for a "natural" epistemology of human activities as conditioned by nature in the form of language, custom and usage.


In The Lady of Shalott (1888) John William Waterhouse's realistic technique depicts a neo-medieval subject drawn from Arthurian Romance :In The Lady of Shalott (1888) John William Waterhouse's realistic technique depicts a neo-medieval subject drawn from Arthurian Romance


Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix :Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix


Realism :Realism Realism is a visual art style that depicts the actuality of what the eyes can see. Realists render everyday characters, situations, dilemmas, and objects, all in verisimilitude. They tend to discard theatrical drama, lofty subjects and classical forms in favor of commonplace themes. Gustave Courbet is credited with coining the term, which often refers to the artistic movement, sometimes called naturalism, which began in the 1850s in France.


Jean-François Millet :Jean-François Millet Jean-François Millet (October 4, 1814 – January 20, 1875) was a French painter and one of the founders of the Barbizon school in rural France. He is noted for his scenes of peasant farmers. He can be categorized as part of the movement termed "naturalism", but also as part of the movement of "realism".


Slide 6:The Gleaners


Impressionism :Impressionism Impressionism was a 19th-century art movement that began as a loose association of Paris-based artists exhibiting their art publicly in the 1860s. The name of the movement is derived from the title of a Claude Monet work, Impression, Sunrise (Impression, soleil levant), which provoked the critic Louis Leroy to coin the term in a satiric review published in Le Charivari. Characteristics of Impressionist painting include visible brush strokes, open composition, emphasis on light in its changing qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passage of time), ordinary subject matter, the inclusion of movement as a crucial element of human perception and experience, and unusual visual angles. The emergence of Impressionism in the visual arts was soon followed by analogous movements in other media which became known as Impressionist music and Impressionist literature. Impressionism also describes art created in this style, but outside of the late 19th century time period.


Claude Monet :Claude Monet Claude Monet (French pronounced [klod mɔnɛ]) also known as Oscar-Claude Monet or Claude Oscar Monet (November 14, 1840 – December 5, 1926)[1] was a founder of French impressionist painting, and the most consistent and prolific practitioner of the movement's philosophy of expressing one's perceptions before nature, especially as applied to plein-air landscape painting.[2] The term Impressionism is derived from the title of his painting Impression, Sunrise.


Slide 9:Sunrise


Post-Impressionism :Post-Impressionism Post-Impressionism is the term coined by the British artist and art critic Roger Fry in 1910, to describe the development of European art since Manet. John Rewald, one of the first professional art historians to focus on the birth of early modern art, limited the scope to the years between 1886 and 1892 in his pioneering publication on Post-Impressionism: From Van Gogh to Gauguin (1956): Rewald considered it to continue his History of Impressionism (1946), and pointed out that a "subsequent volume dedicated to the second half of the post-impressionist period"[1] - Post-Impressionism: From Gauguin to Matisse - was to follow, extending the period covered to other artistic movements of the late 19th and early 20th centuries — to artistic movements based on or derived from Impressionism.


Vincent Van Gogh :Vincent Van Gogh Dutch artist, Vincent Van Gogh was born the son of Protestant minister. He adopted many different careers before finally devoting himself to painting. He was an employee of art dealers, a language teacher, student of practical evangelism, and a missionary. In 1881, he first developed his work in the traditional Dutch style. In 1886, he moved to Paris where he encountered Impressionism. Van Gogh’s life was plagued by series of unrequited love stories and rocky friendships. The most notable of these were his obsession with a French prostitute, to whom he sent his dismembered ear, and also his tumultuous relationship with fellow artist, Paul Gauguin. Mental illness, primarily schizophrenia and manic depression afflicted Van Gogh his entire adult life, resulting in frequent hospitalization and an early death. He produced some of his most famous pieces, including his Self-Portrait, in mental institutions in hospitals in Arles and Saint-Remy. After his release, he went to Auvers where he eventually shot himself and died two days later.


Slide 12:Starlight Over the Rhone Sunflowers


Symbolism :Symbolism Symbolism was a late nineteenth-century art movement of French and Belgian origin in poetry and other arts. Symbolism was largely a reaction against Naturalism and Realism, anti-idealistic movements which attempted to capture reality in its gritty particularity, and to elevate the humble and the ordinary over the ideal. These movements invited a reaction in favour of spirituality, the imagination, and dreams; the path to Symbolism begins with that reaction.


Henry Fuseli :Henry Fuseli Henry Fuseli (in German, Johann Heinrich Füssli; February 7, 1741 – April 16, 1825) was a British painter, draughtsman, and writer on art, of German-Swiss origin.


Slide 15:The Nightmare


Les Nabis :Les Nabis Les Nabis were a group of Post-Impressionist avant-garde artists who set the pace for fine arts and graphic arts in France in the 1890s. Initially a group of friends interested in contemporary art and literature, most of them studied at the private art school of Rodolphe Julian (Académie Julian) in Paris in the late 1880s. In 1890, they began to successfully participate in public exhibitions, while most of their artistic output remained in private hands or in the possession of the artists themselves.


Paul Sérusier: The Bois d'Amour à Pont-Aven: The Talisman :Paul Sérusier: The Bois d'Amour à Pont-Aven: The Talisman


Ludwig van Beethoven :Ludwig van Beethoven German composer and virtuoso pianist. He was a crucial figure in the transitional period between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western classical music, and remains one of the most respected and influential composers of all time.


Richard Wagner :Richard Wagner Wilhelm Richard Wagner (22 May 1813, Leipzig, Germany - 13 February 1883, Venice, Italy) was a German composer, conductor, music theorist, director, and essayist, primarily known for his operas (or "music dramas", as they were later called). Unlike most other great opera composers, Wagner wrote both the scenario and libretto for his works.


Frédéric Chopin :Frédéric Chopin composer and virtuoso pianist of the Romantic period. He is widely regarded as the greatest Polish composer, and ranks as one of music's greatest tone poets