week 2 x-ray tube, equipment

RADIOLOGIC IMAGING EQUIPMENT: 

RADIOLOGIC IMAGING EQUIPMENT 1

The x-ray room: 

The x-ray room 2

Processing room: 

Processing room 3

The x-ray room: 

The x-ray room 4

X-ray tube control panel ancillary equipment: 

X-ray tube control panel ancillary equipment 5

PowerPoint Presentation: 

6

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube Electromagnetic Energy Spectrum 7

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube 8

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube REVIEW OF X-RAY DISCOVERY CROOKE’S TUBE WILHELM ROENTGEN’S OBSERVATIONS November 8, 1895 BERTHA ROENTGEN’S HAND 9

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube What do you need to produce ionizing radiation? 10

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube 11

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube Remember the light bulb!! 12

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube 13 The source of electrons

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube 14 The Law of Attraction

THE X-RAY TUBE: 

THE X-RAY TUBE Simple car battery 15

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube 16

PowerPoint Presentation: 

17 Let’s make this terminal very negative Let’s make This terminal Very positive

PowerPoint Presentation: 

18

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube 19

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube anode cathode Glass envelope Tube housing X-ray tube 20

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube Focusing cup cathode Tungsten filament Thermionic emission Electron cloud Milli ampereage 21

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube target anode tungsten High voltage Focal track Rotating 22

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube 23

THE X-RAY TUBE: 

THE X-RAY TUBE CATHODE ANODE VACUUM GLASS ENVELOPE CURRENT 24

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube 25

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube 26

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube 27

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube anode cathode Glass envelope Tube housing X-ray tube 28

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube 29

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube 30

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube steel casing Glass envelope Port/window oil Lead casing anode cathode Which end of tube is the positive end? Which end is the negative end? Is this a stationery or rotating anode? 31

THE X-RAY TUBE : 

THE X-RAY TUBE What is electromagnetic spectrum? What are photons? What is radiation? What is ionizing radiation? What is x-ray? What are roentgen rays What are photons? 32

PowerPoint Presentation: 

33

PowerPoint Presentation: 

34

PowerPoint Presentation: 

35

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube 36

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube The amount of electrons burned off Milli-amperage Electron cloud Thermionic Emission Focusing cup ??amount of electrons??? ? How many mA are applied? 37

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube The amount of time charged is applied The longer the the milli-amps are applied, the more electrons are burned off. How many seconds are applied? 38

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube The strength of the positive charge The stronger the force of the positive charge, the faster the electrons rush toward anode, The more x-rays are generated. The force of the charge is measured by kilovoltage (kV) applied to the anode 39

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube technique 40

Control panel: 

Control panel Where the technologist controls the x-ray machine Where technique selection occurs Always located outside the x-ray room 41

Control panel: 

Control panel 42

Contr0l panel: 

Contr0l panel kVp controls Strength of beam kVp more penetrating 50-110 kVp in diagnostic x-ray Controls contrast and density on image 43

Control panel: 

Control panel mA controls the amount of electrons Time controls how long the electrons are sent to anode Frequently used as a single unit of measure mAs Controls the density of the image 44

Ancillary equipment: 

Ancillary equipment Image Receptors Table Tube supports Grids Collimators Misc Equipment 45

Image receptors: 

Image receptors Film cassettes CR cassettes Direct imaging Bucky tray(grid) Wall Bucky tray(grid) 46

Image receptors: 

Image receptors Film Cassettes are light tight, with intensifying screens. They serve to hold the film safe from any damage. CR cassettes look almost identical but contain a PSP plate that is used to create the image. 47

Image receptors: 

Image receptors 48

Table : 

Table 49

table: 

table 50

Table: 

Table 51

Tube supports: 

Tube supports Tube Suspension systems are available in 5 versions. Be sure to check the book for configurations. 52

Tube supports: 

Tube supports Designed to help technologists with various tube locations for creative imaging. 53

Tube supports: 

Tube supports Tube Movement Longitudinal Transverse Vertical Angling or Rolling Rotating Telescoping 54

collimators: 

collimators 55

collimators: 

collimators 56

collimators: 

collimators Always collimate smaller than the image receptor 57

grids: 

grids Device used to “clean up” the x-ray image by reducing the amount of scatter radiation reaching the image receptor Used on larger, thicker parts Built with parallel lead strips to absorb the scatter radiation 58

grids: 

grids ??? Primary beam + - Exit Radiation 59

grids: 

grids No grid grid 60

grids: 

grids 61

Miscellaneous equipment: 

Miscellaneous equipment Positioning sponges Tape Lead aprons Lead blockers Markers Sand bags linens 62

Miscellaneous equipment: 

Miscellaneous equipment 63

Miscellaneous equipment: 

Miscellaneous equipment 64

X-ray tube control panel ancillary equipment: 

X-ray tube control panel ancillary equipment 65

The x-ray room: 

The x-ray room 66

Processing room: 

Processing room 67

Processing room: 

Processing room Film Screen Image Production Digital Image Production 68

Processing room-image production: 

Processing room-image production ??? Primary beam + - Exit Radiation 69

Processing room-image production: 

Processing room-image production RADIOGRAPH- permanent record of image, by film or by computer storage 70

Dark room: 

Dark room 71

Dark room: 

Dark room 72

Dark room: 

Dark room Pass Box Lockable from inside, contains cassettes Clean, dry, dustless countertop Work space be free of clutter Safe light 15 watt bulb 3 feet from film, countertop Orange or amber filter/light bulb, depends on film emulsion type Cassettes, empty and full Film bin Must be light tight Sometimes locks with door Processor Needs water supply, Must be clean Chemicals Store safely 73

Dark room: 

Dark room 74

Dark room: 

Dark room 75

Cr reader: 

Cr reader CR - Computed Radiography Computed Radiography is an indirect type of imaging system. The receptor used within a CR cassette is called a photostimulable imaging plate (PSP) and it absorbs the radiation exiting the patient. The exposed plate is processed in a CR reader, where the absorbed energy is extracted. The information stored in the CR imaging plate must be processed before viewing can occur. The resultant latent image data is converted from an analog to a digital signal and a digital image is created. Computed Radiography x-ray systems predominantly use conventional x-ray tube systems. 76

Cr reader: 

Cr reader 77

review: 

review 78

review: 

review 79

review: 

review 80

review: 

review 81

The x-ray tube: 

The x-ray tube 82

PowerPoint Presentation: 

1 2 3 3 4 5 6 7. Describe Tube Travel 8. Describe tube travel 9. Describe how the tube would travel in order to direct x-ray output at #1?? 83