lesson 3 culture part

Culture Change : 

Culture Change Lesson 3 Part 3 All cultures change

Discovery : 

Discovery Finding something that was already in existence, but is new to your culture What are some examples?

Invention : 

Invention Coming up with something new that has never before been in existence.

Diffusion : 

Diffusion the process of coming into contact with each other and the exchange between us that inevitably results. Language – only a few origination points. Bantu, Samarian, America. Food – peppers, wild rice, corn, wheat, barley.

Diffusion : 

Diffusion Government – The Great Binding Law of the Iroquois. Degonawidah and Hiawatha formed a complex representative democracy 600-1000 years ago. Franklin and Madison well acquainted with the Iroquois League and how it operated. Accepting states/division of power/”rules of order”

Cultural Lag : 

Cultural Lag Refers to different parts of a culture changing at a different rate and this can cause disruptions, or adjustment problems for society. The double burden on women in our society is an example of cultural lag.

Durkhiem and Change : 

Durkhiem and Change The Division of labor Functional view of change – gradual, natural, and serves a purpose (has a function). Describing the change he saw during his own time. Dynamic density – refers to population growth reaching a tipping point. When the population reaches this point a society (and by extension a culture) must change its patterns of existence in order to meet the populations basic survival needs. The means of survival must change or people will not survive.

Durkhiem : 

Durkhiem The result of dynamic density is the Division of labor – Society needs to become more efficient in meeting peoples basic needs, so individuals diversify – those best at doing x do x. Those best at doing y do y. This work specialization can support a larger population because it is more efficient (can produce more). No longer do individuals have to meet all of their basic needs on a micro scale.

Cohesion and Dynamic Density : 

Cohesion and Dynamic Density Mechanical solidarity – this refers to what held society together (created cohesion) prior to diversification. Tradition – closely shared values and beliefs because of a common life experience. Everyone was living similar life styles and this resulted in everyone having similar values, beliefs and traditions (culture). These similarities are what bonded people together in a mechanical world.

Slide 12: 

Organic solidarity – this refers to what bonds people together (provides cohesion) after diversification. Interdependence – Everyone is dependant on others for their survival. People are no longer self-sufficient – they need others to help meet their basic needs.

The law : 

The law In a mechanical world everyone has basically the same values (stemming from similar life experiences) – therefore, everyone basically agrees on what is right and wrong. When someone does something “wrong” – all judge it as wrong and there is strong unity against the “wrong doer”. Thus, punishment is severe (retributive – eye for an eye justice).

Law : 

Law In an organic world people have different values (stemming from different life experiences). Because of these different values there are different ideas about right and wrong. There is less of a consensus regarding the “wrong doer”. Thus, punishment is less severe (punitive)