logging in or signing up Big bang and early universe tejas_gurjar Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 191 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: November 01, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description This presentation describes how in the far past our universe was formed, What were the particles and in which situations they formed ths structure. Comments Posting comment... By: visagh (19 month(s) ago) i want to download this plz helppppppppp sent to rvisagh@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close By: tejas_gurjar (18 month(s) ago) Dear Visag, I HAVE CHANGED SETTING.NOW YOU CAN DOWNLOAD MY PPT.I HOPE YOU WILL LIKE IT. SEND ME YOU OPINION ON the e-mail id provided on last page of ppt.. TEJAS GURJAR Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: tejas_gurjar (19 month(s) ago) i hope people will like it Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 1: Mast. Gurjar Tejas Present... Bing bang & Early Universe Slide 2: If you compress a gas in a pump, it becomes hotter, and if you release the pressure of this gas, it cools Slide 3: An animal, or a human body, for example, emits some infrared radiation that can be detected by an infrared camera Slide 4: Dicke and Gamov, two physicists, calculated independently in 1946 and 1948, that as the Universe has cooled, we should be able to detect microwave radiation throughout the sky … Slide 6: Max Planck, another physicist, had given the explanation of the shape of the radiation in 1900 The colder the body, the longer the wavelenght Slide 7: … by Penzias and Wilson, two physicists from the Bell labs, who got the Nobel prize in 1978 But, in 1964, the radiation predicted by Gamov was finally detected, with this antenna … Slide 8: In fact, the snow that one can see on an untuned TV is also due in part to that radiation emitted by the Universe as it was just 380,000 years old ! Slide 9: Original temperature of the radiation : 3000 K Today, it is only 3 K The cooling says how far the light has travelled 13,7 billion years : the age of the Universe Slide 10: In 1992, the COBE satelite (Cosmic Background explorer) gave the first image of the radiation COBE was launched on November 18, 1989 Slide 11: In 1992, the COBE satelite (Cosmic Background explorer) gave the first image of the radiation Before correction of the Earthmovement around the Sun The final image of the microwaveRadiation Before correction of the microwaveradiation emitted by our own galaxy Slide 12: In 2003, the WMAP satelite gave a better resolution of the small fluctuations of temperature (WMAP = Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe) WMAP was launched on June 30, 2001 Slide 13: Whereever it looked, WMAP measured the same data. So, the big-bang must have taken place at the same time everywhere Slide 14: But we can also observe small fluctuations of temperature, that may have lead to the formation of the galaxies Slide 15: Small fluctuations, compared to these at the surface of the Earth ! Slide 16: To know more about the blackbody spectrum : Back to the begining Slide 17: Where does the matter of the universe come from? 1 proton for every 1,000,000,000 photons How did structures in the universe form? Ripples + Dark Matter Slide 18: Albert Einstein, 1905 E = mc2 Mass is just condensed energy E → m Slide 19: What was the origin of this early matter (and antimatter) in the Early Universe? Early Universe Size: a → 0 Age: t → 0 Temperature: T → very large T ~ 1/a, t ~ 1/T2 Energies: E ~ T Slide 20: Based on Einstein’s Relativity + Dirac’s Quantum Theory + Feynman’s description in Quantum Field Theory We conclude: Every particle has an antiparticle Slide 21: Because of asymmetry, almost all particles and antiparticles were annihilated except for a small number of particles Why do we not see this in our evidence? Dirac predicted the existance of antimatter in 1928 He predicted antimatter would have the same mass but opposite internal properties of matter 1957: particles and antiparticles spinning in same direction behave differently 1964: CP violation shown in weak decays of K0 mesons indicating matter does not behave exactly as antimatter. Current evidence suggests: Slide 22: Density Budget of the Early Universe ● Total Density ~ critical Theory of inflation, measurement of microwave background: ΩTot = ~ 1 ● Baryon Density small Big-Bang nucleosynthesis, CMB: ΩBaryons ~ few % Slide 23: The Density Budget of the Universe ● Total Density ~ critical Theory of inflation, measurement of microwave background: ΩTot = ~ 1 ● Baryon Density small Big-Bang nucleosynthesis, CMB: ΩBaryons ~ few % ● Total Matter Density much larger Clusters of galaxies Ωmatter ~ 25% ● Mainly cold dark matter Enables structure formation Slide 24: What caused the formation of the structures of the universe and what was the origin of masses and forces? Evidence indicates that as the universe cooled after the Big Bang…. These particles began to cluster…. And in these clusters developed patterns…. Such as quarks…. And atoms Slide 25: How do these particles stay together to form structure? FORCES Standard Model: Gravity, Electromagnetic, Strong and Weak Slide 26: Two Theories describe the forces: Quantum Electrodynamics and Quantum Chromodynamics. Quantum Electrodynamics (QED): Electric charge Atoms Molecules Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD): Colour charge Baryons Nucleus Slide 27: At current resolution we see the universe as it was ~ 380,000 years after the ‘Big Bang” What will we see next? Perhaps….. B I G B A N G Slide 28: Mast. Gurjar Tejas For mo information... e-mail:tejas-gurjar@in.com Thank you for watching this... You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Big bang and early universe tejas_gurjar Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 191 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: November 01, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description This presentation describes how in the far past our universe was formed, What were the particles and in which situations they formed ths structure. Comments Posting comment... By: visagh (19 month(s) ago) i want to download this plz helppppppppp sent to rvisagh@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close By: tejas_gurjar (18 month(s) ago) Dear Visag, I HAVE CHANGED SETTING.NOW YOU CAN DOWNLOAD MY PPT.I HOPE YOU WILL LIKE IT. SEND ME YOU OPINION ON the e-mail id provided on last page of ppt.. TEJAS GURJAR Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: tejas_gurjar (19 month(s) ago) i hope people will like it Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 1: Mast. Gurjar Tejas Present... Bing bang & Early Universe Slide 2: If you compress a gas in a pump, it becomes hotter, and if you release the pressure of this gas, it cools Slide 3: An animal, or a human body, for example, emits some infrared radiation that can be detected by an infrared camera Slide 4: Dicke and Gamov, two physicists, calculated independently in 1946 and 1948, that as the Universe has cooled, we should be able to detect microwave radiation throughout the sky … Slide 6: Max Planck, another physicist, had given the explanation of the shape of the radiation in 1900 The colder the body, the longer the wavelenght Slide 7: … by Penzias and Wilson, two physicists from the Bell labs, who got the Nobel prize in 1978 But, in 1964, the radiation predicted by Gamov was finally detected, with this antenna … Slide 8: In fact, the snow that one can see on an untuned TV is also due in part to that radiation emitted by the Universe as it was just 380,000 years old ! Slide 9: Original temperature of the radiation : 3000 K Today, it is only 3 K The cooling says how far the light has travelled 13,7 billion years : the age of the Universe Slide 10: In 1992, the COBE satelite (Cosmic Background explorer) gave the first image of the radiation COBE was launched on November 18, 1989 Slide 11: In 1992, the COBE satelite (Cosmic Background explorer) gave the first image of the radiation Before correction of the Earthmovement around the Sun The final image of the microwaveRadiation Before correction of the microwaveradiation emitted by our own galaxy Slide 12: In 2003, the WMAP satelite gave a better resolution of the small fluctuations of temperature (WMAP = Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe) WMAP was launched on June 30, 2001 Slide 13: Whereever it looked, WMAP measured the same data. So, the big-bang must have taken place at the same time everywhere Slide 14: But we can also observe small fluctuations of temperature, that may have lead to the formation of the galaxies Slide 15: Small fluctuations, compared to these at the surface of the Earth ! Slide 16: To know more about the blackbody spectrum : Back to the begining Slide 17: Where does the matter of the universe come from? 1 proton for every 1,000,000,000 photons How did structures in the universe form? Ripples + Dark Matter Slide 18: Albert Einstein, 1905 E = mc2 Mass is just condensed energy E → m Slide 19: What was the origin of this early matter (and antimatter) in the Early Universe? Early Universe Size: a → 0 Age: t → 0 Temperature: T → very large T ~ 1/a, t ~ 1/T2 Energies: E ~ T Slide 20: Based on Einstein’s Relativity + Dirac’s Quantum Theory + Feynman’s description in Quantum Field Theory We conclude: Every particle has an antiparticle Slide 21: Because of asymmetry, almost all particles and antiparticles were annihilated except for a small number of particles Why do we not see this in our evidence? Dirac predicted the existance of antimatter in 1928 He predicted antimatter would have the same mass but opposite internal properties of matter 1957: particles and antiparticles spinning in same direction behave differently 1964: CP violation shown in weak decays of K0 mesons indicating matter does not behave exactly as antimatter. Current evidence suggests: Slide 22: Density Budget of the Early Universe ● Total Density ~ critical Theory of inflation, measurement of microwave background: ΩTot = ~ 1 ● Baryon Density small Big-Bang nucleosynthesis, CMB: ΩBaryons ~ few % Slide 23: The Density Budget of the Universe ● Total Density ~ critical Theory of inflation, measurement of microwave background: ΩTot = ~ 1 ● Baryon Density small Big-Bang nucleosynthesis, CMB: ΩBaryons ~ few % ● Total Matter Density much larger Clusters of galaxies Ωmatter ~ 25% ● Mainly cold dark matter Enables structure formation Slide 24: What caused the formation of the structures of the universe and what was the origin of masses and forces? Evidence indicates that as the universe cooled after the Big Bang…. These particles began to cluster…. And in these clusters developed patterns…. Such as quarks…. And atoms Slide 25: How do these particles stay together to form structure? FORCES Standard Model: Gravity, Electromagnetic, Strong and Weak Slide 26: Two Theories describe the forces: Quantum Electrodynamics and Quantum Chromodynamics. Quantum Electrodynamics (QED): Electric charge Atoms Molecules Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD): Colour charge Baryons Nucleus Slide 27: At current resolution we see the universe as it was ~ 380,000 years after the ‘Big Bang” What will we see next? Perhaps….. B I G B A N G Slide 28: Mast. Gurjar Tejas For mo information... e-mail:tejas-gurjar@in.com Thank you for watching this...