aerobic glycolysis

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AEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS Presented by- Vijay Laxmi Roy Roll No.- 19 Reg. No.- 11004705 Section- A7001 BTY281 Biochemistry for Honors

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METABOLISM OF GLUCOSE

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Types of metabolic pathways Catabolic 2. Anabolic 3. Amphibolic

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POSSIBLE CATABOLIC FATES OF PYRUVATE FORMED IN GLYCOLYSIS

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PHASES INVOLVED IN GLYCOLYSIS

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ENTRY OF GLYCOGEN, STARCH, DISACCHARIDES, AND HEXOSES INTO THE PREPARATORY PHASE OF GLYCOLYSIS

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FERMENTATION: FATE OF GLYCOLYSIS UNDER ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS

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AEROBIC FATE OF GLYCOLYSIS: THE CITRIC ACID CYCLE

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CITRIC ACID CYCLE

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ENERGY EXPENDITURE IN AEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS:

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WARBURG HYPOTHESIS : cancer cells exhibit - glycolysis with lactate secretion, and - mitochondrial respiration even in the presence of oxygen. Cancer, tumor growth, etc. are caused by the fact that tumor cells extract their energy, i.e. ATP, by non-oxidative breakdown of glucose unlike those of the healthy/normal cells which mainly generate energy from oxidative breakdown of pyruvate. Pyruvate further undergoes oxidation within the mitochondria. Cancer is a kind of mitochondrial dysfunction. It is interpreted by the ratio of glycolysis to respiration , WARBURG EFFECT.

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DISADVANTAGE MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION - it is related with an increase in glycolytic flux - as a result of the up-regulation of numerous glycolysis-related genes genes alterations  production of lactate at higher levels (even in the presence of oxygen, aerobic glycolysis or Warburg effect.)

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ADVANTAGE : Development of a new cytochemical stain, specific for activity of the pentose-phosphate glycolytic pathway, has made it possible to study the effect of hemolytic drugs in individual , metabolically active erythrocytes. sulfonamides , nitrofurantoin , and 1-acetylphenylhydrazine do not inhibit the pentose shunt when incubated in concentration as high as 10 -2 M with intact normal human erythrocytes.

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THANKS . . . 