CC Outline 2008

Comparison / Contrast : 

Comparison / Contrast Making an evaluation by comparing & contrasting

C/C as part of CARP : 

C/C as part of CARP Starting now, you should begin preliminary work on the CARP. You will choose a topic for the C/C outline & annotated bibliography related to the Patterns reading you’ve chosen for the CARP.

What to do & What NOT to do… : 

What to do & What NOT to do… You are NOT writing an ESSAY for the C/C. You are: #1: simply writing an outline in either the subject or point-by-point format. #2: Gathering and evaluating 3-5 sources that may help you on the CARP. Your C/C outline is an opportunity to explore your CARP topic a bit more. You may elect to use the C/C information in your CARP, but you are in no way obligated to use anything from the C/C in the CARP. I hope that for the CARP, you choose a Patterns reading you truly enjoy and would like to write about.

Some specifics to keep in mind… : 

Some specifics to keep in mind… You are not comparing the Patterns readings—only ideas within the topics of the Patterns readings.

Some specifics to keep in mind… : 

Some specifics to keep in mind… Your C/C outline and Annotated Bibliography should be on the same topic. For example, if you chose to write your CARP on “The Amazon Queen,” then your C/C topic should be linked in some way to the Amazon: tourism in the Amazon urbanization of natural resource areas displacement of native peoples etc…

Some specifics to keep in mind… : 

Some specifics to keep in mind… Your C/C outline does not have to mention “The Amazon Queen” or any other Patterns reading.

Comparing for Evaluation: The Outline : 

Comparing for Evaluation: The Outline 4 Steps to outlining a fair, balanced comparison

The 4 Steps : 

The 4 Steps Step 1: Decide what to compare and gather evidence about the subjects. Step 2: Evaluate the two subjects. Step 3: Determine your points of comparison (***what criteria will you apply to both?***) Step 4: Structure your outline in either Subject/Block or Alternating/Point-by-Point

Need an Example? : 

Need an Example? For the purposes of this presentation, we will use “38 Who Saw Murder” to construct the C/C outline.

I want to write my C/C outline : 

I want to write my C/C outline What should I do…?

Step 1… : 

Step 1… Decide what to compare and gather evidence about the subjects. Compile information about the reading via brainstorming or researching.

Brainstorm/Research First : 

Brainstorm/Research First After brainstorming and researching about “38 Who Saw Murder,” I came up with these ideas: Reasons for bystander apathy: fear, embarrassment, apathy, shyness Several famous studies exist about altruism/apathy: Latane (social psychologist) contends that people are less altruistic in groups Snyder (social psychologist) contends that people help others more if some benefit exists for being altruistic

Brainstorm/Research First : 

Brainstorm/Research First 3. Related concepts: bystander apathy, Groupthink, pluralistic ignorance, bystander effect, altruism, empathy, Good Samaritan effect 4. Other cases of bystander apathy: Angel Torres (78 yr old hit and run; people ignored him or took photos) Jamie Bulger (2 yr old beaten/killed by adolescent neighbors) LaShanda Calloway (27 yr old woman stabbed/bleeding to death on floor of a convenience store – shoppers stepped over her, took photos)

Brainstorm/Research First – ideas to compare… : 

Brainstorm/Research First – ideas to compare… The roles/influence of two people involved in your topic. Two differing opinions held by authorities/experts about your topic. Two pieces of writing about your topic (articles, websites, chapters, etc…) Your topic past & present. Or Your topic present & future. Your topic’s presence/influence in two different places, countries, regions etc… The influence of your topic on two different groups of people. Two different approaches to solve problems involving your topic. Your topic compared to a similar topic…(distinctions?)

Find comparisons… : 

Find comparisons… I could compare 2 studies: (example: Latane vs. Snyder) I could compare 2 reasons for bystander apathy: (example: Fear vs. Lack of empathy ) I could compare 2 terms related to bystander apathy: (example: Groupthink vs. Pluralistic Ignorance) I could compare 2 cases of bystander apathy: (example: Angel Torres vs. LaShonda Calloway)

Step 2... : 

Step 2... Evaluate the two subjects by writing a preliminary thesis.

Step 2: Evaluate the two ideas. : 

Step 2: Evaluate the two ideas. When you write a comparison, you do not want to simply write a grocery list of similarities/differences.

Step 2: Evaluate the two ideas. : 

Step 2: Evaluate the two ideas. You want to present your opinion (your thesis) about the comparison. You want to EVALUATE the subjects being compared.

Step 2: Evaluate the 2 ideas: : 

Step 2: Evaluate the 2 ideas: Latane seems to have a more valid theory than Snyder. Fear, rather than lack of empathy, seems to be the most logical explanation for bystander apathy. Groupthink is much more harmful to our social interactions than Pluralistic Ignorance.

Step 2: Evaluate the two ideas. : 

YES! GOOD sample evaluation/thesis: While Latane and Snyder present valid explanations for bystander apathy, Latane’s assertion about the presence of others seems more plausible than Snyder’s reward theory. Bystander apathy played a larger role in LaShonda Calloway’s death than in Angel Torres’ death. Step 2: Evaluate the two ideas.

Step 2: Evaluate the two ideas. : 

NO! A few very weak thesis statements: Latane and Snyder have many similarities and differences. Latane’s theory involves peer pressure while Snyder’s theory is based upon personal reward. Step 2: Evaluate the two ideas.

Preliminary Thesis: : 

Preliminary Thesis: When comparing ______________(A) and ____________(B), ____________ (either A or B) is ____________ (evaluative word) because ________________(reason for evaluation). Note: your thesis does not have to list your 3 points—in fact, more sophisticated thesis statements are not predictable “3-part”statements.

Step 2: Evaluate the 2 ideas: : 

Step 2: Evaluate the 2 ideas: Once you have a preliminary thesis--or even your final thesis--the next step (#3) is to determine your points of comparison.

Step 3… Points of Comparison : 

Step 3… Points of Comparison What will you compare about both sides? What criteria can be applied to both?

(Step 3) Points of Comparison : 

(Step 3) Points of Comparison Whenever you compare 2 items, it is only fair to use the same criteria (or “points of comparison”) when judging which you prefer. Coke Pepsi Criteria: 1. Flavor  2. Fizz  3. Price 

(Step 3) Points of Comparison : 

(Step 3) Points of Comparison I decided that I like Coke better; therefore, my thesis would be: Preliminary Thesis: When comparing Coke to Pepsi, Coke is preferable because of its taste and price. Thesis: Coke is superior to Pepsi in taste and affordability.

(Step 3) Points of Comparison : 

(Step 3) Points of Comparison Thesis + Points of Comparison Thesis: Coke is superior to Pepsi in taste and affordability. Points of Comparison: 1. Flavor 2. Fizz 3. Price

(Step 3) Points of Comparison : 

(Step 3) Points of Comparison Now, let’s look at the example from “38 Who Saw Murder” What criteria can I apply to both sides when I compare? I need to discuss the same ideas about both sides.

(Step 3) Points of Comparison : 

(Step 3) Points of Comparison Note in the thesis below, the required evaluation is underlined. Thesis: While Latane and Snyder present valid explanations for bystander apathy, Latane’s assertion about the presence of others seems more plausible than Snyder’s reward theory. The following criteria can be applied to both: Case studies (Latane’s and Snyder’s ) Attitudes toward victim (Latane’s and Snyder’s ) Role of others (Latane’s and Snyder’s )

(Step 3) Points of Comparison : 

(Step 3) Points of Comparison Once you have determined the thesis + criteria or “points of comparison,” all you have to do is write the outline in the correct format, which is explained in the next step, #4.

Step 4: Structuring the outline : 

Step 4: Structuring the outline ...in either Subject/Block or Alternating/Point-by-Point format

Subject/Block or Alternating/Point-by-Point format : 

Subject/Block or Alternating/Point-by-Point format Your outline must follow either subject/block or alternating/point-by-point format in order to receive a passing grade. Your Patterns book also explains these two patterns in case you have difficulty.

Structuring the outline : 

Structuring the outline Your outline should present a balanced comparison (meaning equal information on both sides) that evaluates the two subjects. Your thesis should present one side as superior, preferable, undesirable, or inadequate…

SUBJECT/BLOCK pattern : 

SUBJECT/BLOCK pattern If you were to write an essay (which you are NOT going to do) in the Subject/Block pattern, each entire subject is presented all at once. Coca-Cola(entire subject) Flavor Fizz Price Pepsi (entire subject) Flavor Fizz Price

SUBJECT/BLOCK pattern : 

SUBJECT/BLOCK pattern Thesis: While Latane and Snyder present valid explanations for bystander apathy, Latane’s assertion about the presence of others seems more plausible than Snyder’s reward theory. Latane A. Case studies B. Attitudes toward victim C. Role of others II. Snyder A. Case studies B. Attitudes toward victim C. Role of others

Alternating/Pt. by Pt. Pattern : 

Alternating/Pt. by Pt. Pattern If you were to write an essay (which you are NOT going to do) in the Alternating/Pt. by Pt. pattern, your paragraphs (¶s) would focus upon the points: Flavor Coke Pepsi Fizz Coke Pepsi Price Coke Pepsi

Alternating/Pt. by Pt. Pattern : 

Alternating/Pt. by Pt. Pattern Thesis: While Latane and Snyder present valid explanations for bystander apathy, Latane’s assertion about the presence of others seems more plausible than Snyder’s reward theory. Case studies A. Latane B. Snyder II. Attitudes toward victim A. Latane B. Snyder Role of others A. Latane B. Snyder

What’s due... : 

What’s due... You will submit a C/C outline that looks very similar to the outlines on the following two slides. You will also submit an Annotated Bibliography with 3-5 sources (see the separate instructions for details about this). Check the Announcements for specific due dates

Sample Outlines : 

Sample Outlines The following slides contain sample outlines…your C/C outline should look exactly like one of these.

C/C Outline Format: Subject/Block pattern : 

C/C Outline Format: Subject/Block pattern Student Smith Campbell ENG 111 July 18, 2008 Bystander Apathy Theories Thesis: While Latane and Snyder present valid explanations for bystander apathy, Latane’s assertion about the presence of others seems more plausible than Snyder’s reward theory. I. Latane A. Case studies B. Attitudes toward victim C. Role of others II. Snyder A. Case studies B. Attitudes toward victim C. Role of others Double space everything!

C/C Outline Format: Alternating/Pt. by Pt. Pattern : 

C/C Outline Format: Alternating/Pt. by Pt. Pattern Student Smith Campbell ENG 111 July 18, 2006 Bystander Apathy Theories Thesis: While Latane and Snyder present valid explanations for bystander apathy, Latane’s assertion about the presence of others seems more plausible than Snyder’s reward theory. I. Case studies A. Latane B. Snyder II. Attitudes toward victim A. Latane B. Snyder III. Role of others A. Latane B. Snyder Double space everything!

Suggestions for Topics… : 

Suggestions for Topics… (“Only Daughter”) Compare the role of Mexican women to the role of women in another culture. (“Amazon Queen”) Compare the experiences of the displaced native Amazon Indians to the experiences of displaced Native Americans. (“My First Conk”) Compare “conking” to another appearance-changing process (such as Asian eyelid surgery) done to assimilate one’s culture with another. (“A Peaceful Woman”) Compare men’s view of guns versus women’s view of guns.

This is only an OUTLINE : 

This is only an OUTLINE …keep in mind that you are not writing an essay. You are only constructing a C/C outline. Any of the readings would work for a comparison topic. The most challenging part of writing this outline is coming up with the points of comparison.

End of C/C presentation : 

End of C/C presentation Start your C/C brainstorming right away!