Biofuels

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Presentation Transcript

Slide 1: 

1

Definition : 

2 Definition Biofuels are fuels made from recently living organisms. They can be divided into three categories: First-generation Biofuels are made largely from edible sugars and starches. Second-generation Biofuels are made from no edible plant materials. Third-generation Biofuels are made from algae and microbes.

Slide 3: 

3

Advantages : 

4 Advantages When we use bio fuels, rather than fossil fuels, there is only emission of non toxic materials which cannot cause cancer and breathing problems for human beings. There is no emission of hazardous gases e.g.; CO2 is 80% less than others SO2 is almost 100% less than others

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5 Biofuels are friendly with the environment because they don’t cause global warming. The energy release per unit mass of biofuel is greater than the energy released from the unit mass of fossil fuels.

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6 Biofuels are locally available in every region of the world so that if these are properly used, there is no energy crisis. Fossil fuels are coming to the end, scientists say that up to 2040, all the resources of fossil fuels will be finished so biofuel would be used in replacement of it in the future.

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7

Usage of Biofuel in Pakistan : 

8 Usage of Biofuel in Pakistan At this moment there are no Biofuels being used in Pakistan at the large scale. People are developing new energy resources which include biofuel so it can be used in the replacement of fossil fuels in future.

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9 In the last few years, the JOTROPHA( a source of biodiesel) is cultivated in many regions of Pakistan, e.g. PSO cultivated JOTROPHA outside Karachi for energy requirement. Pakistan has many opportunities to develop biofuel energy resources e.g. 500 million litre ethanol can be produced every year but nowadays only 0.123 million litre is produced. In April 2009, PARC( Pakistan agricultural research council) started a project with the Canadian company for the cultivation of JOTROPHA.

Production of Biofuels : 

10 Production of Biofuels First the plants(crops) absorb the heat from the sun. 10Next, the crops are refined in factories and food products are produced. Then, Biodiesel is produced from the factories. Finally, this biodiesel is collected in the tanks in petrol pumps and used for the cars.

Slide 11: 

11

Composition of Biofuels : 

12 Composition of Biofuels The composition of Biofuels varies according to the type of plant. Plants of different parts of the world have different compositions. Production of Biofuels are also dependant on the composition of different species.

Slide 13: 

13 The pie chat at the corner shows the plants which produce biofuel up to it’s percentage.

Composition of different parts of plants for the maximum production of Biofuels : 

14 Composition of different parts of plants for the maximum production of Biofuels

Credits : 

15 Credits Made by : Shahrukh Hussain Ahmed Hassan Arsalan Khamis Class : VII-Green