Natural resource :
Natural resource Natural resources occur naturally within environments that exist relatively undisturbed by mankind, in a natural form. A natural resource is often characterized by amounts of biodiversity and geodiversity existent in various ecosystems . Natural resources are derived from the environment . Many of them are essential for our survival while others are used for satisfying our wants. Natural resources may be further classified in different ways
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Depletion In recent years, the depletion of natural resources and attempts to move to
sustainable development has been a major focus of development agencies. This is a particular concern in rain forest regions, which hold most of the Earth's natural biodiversity - irreplaceable genetic natural capital[energy conservation] of natural resources is the major focus of natural capitalism , environmentalism , the ecology movement , and green politics . Some view this depletion as a major source of social unrest and conflicts in developing nations. Mining , petroleum extraction , fishing , hunting , and forestry are generally considered natural-resource industries. Agriculture is considered a man-made resource. Theodore Roosevelt , a well-known conservationist and former United States president, was opposed to unregulated natural resource extraction. The term is defined by the United States Geological Survey as "The Nation's natural resources include its minerals, energy, land, water, and biota."
Flora:
Flora Exploration of plant resources of the country and identification of plant species with economic virtues is carried out by the Botanical Survey of India (BSI), established on 13th February, 1890 and its various circles. During the successive plant periods, the functional base of Botanical Survey of India was expanded to include various new areas such as inventorising of endemic, rare and threatened plant species; evolving conservation strategies; studies on fragile ecosystems and protected areas like Sanctuaries, National Park and Biosphere Reserve; monitoring of changes in floristic components; conservation; multiplication and maintenance of germplasm of plant genetic resources, endemic and threatened species, wild ornamentals etc., in Botanic Gardens and Orchidaria; ethnobotanical and geobotanical studies and development of National Database on Herbarium (including type specimens) and live collections, plant genetic resources, plant distribution and nomenclature. Exploration, inventorisation and documentation of phytodiversity in general and protected areas, hotspots, fragile ecosystems and sacred groves in particular; publication of National, State and District Floras, monitoring Phytodiversity to evaluate the qualitative changes in species rich and sensitive areas; ex situ conservation of critically threatened taxa in botanical gardens, and identification of species with traditional economic uses and preparation of protocols for their conservation and sustainable utilization etc. are the primary objectives of BSI.
Management :
Management Natural resource management is a discipline in the management of natural resources such as land, water , soil , plants and animals , with a particular focus on how management affects the quality of life for both present and future generations. Natural resource management is interrelated with the concept of sustainable development , a principle that forms a basis for land management and environmental governance throughout the world. In contrast to the policy emphases of urban planning and the broader concept of environmental management , Natural resource management specifically focuses on a scientific and technical understanding of resources and ecology and the life-supporting capacity of those resources.
The conservation of natural resources is the fundamental problem. Unless we solve that problem, it will avail us little to solve all others. Theodore Roosevelt5Conservation biology is the scientific study of the nature and status of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction.67 It is an interdisciplinary subject drawing on sciences, economics, and the practice of natural resource management.891011 The term conservation biology was introduced as the title of a conference held University of California at San Diego in La Jolla, California in 1978 organized by biologists Bruce Wilcox and Michael Soulé. Habitat conservation is a land management practice that seeks to conserve, protect and restore, habitat areas for wild plants and animals, especially conservation reliant species, and prevent their extinction, fragmentation or reduction in range.12:
The conservation of natural resources is the fundamental problem. Unless we solve that problem, it will avail us little to solve all others. Theodore Roosevelt 5 Conservation biology is the scientific study of the nature and status of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species , their habitats , and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction . 6 7 It is an interdisciplinary subject drawing on sciences, economics, and the practice of natural resource management . 8 9 10 11 The term conservation biology was introduced as the title of a conference held University of California at San Diego in La Jolla, California in 1978 organized by biologists Bruce Wilcox and Michael Soulé. Habitat conservation is a land management practice that seeks to conserve , protect and restore, habitat areas for wild plants and animals , especially conservation reliant species , and prevent their extinction , fragmentation or reduction in range . 12
Classification:
Classification Potential Resources – Potential resources are those that exist in a region and may be used in the future. For example, petroleum may exist in many parts of India, having sedimentary rocks but until the time it is actually drilled out and put into use, it remains a potential resource. Actual Resources – Actual resources are those that have been surveyed, their quantity and quality determined and are being used in present times. The development of an actual resource, such as wood processing depends upon the technology available and the cost involved. Reserve Resources – The part of an actual resource which can be developed profitably in the future is called a reserve resource. Stock Resources – Stock resources are those that have been surveyed but cannot be used by organisms due to lack of technology. For example. hydrogen
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