energy access in rural sub-saharan africa

SETTLEMENT LAYOUT AND ENERGY ACCESS IN RURAL SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA : 

SETTLEMENT LAYOUT AND ENERGY ACCESS IN RURAL SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA by TM Ruhiiga Dept of Geography & Environmental Science, Mafikeng Campus, NWU, Mmabatho 2735. Paper Presented at the Faculty of Agriculture, Science & Technology Research Day, 27th October 2010 OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION Introduction 2. Materials & Methods 3.Results & analysis 4. Discussion & Conclusion 5.References

Introduction : 

Introduction SSA has lowest access at less than 10% SSA has immense untapped-HEP, thermal & fossil fuel reserves. Limited investment in rural electrification, save RSA, Mauritius, Zimbabwe Results of energy sector reform mixed Research Question: How to increase rural access. Objectives: survey literature on energy sector, policy & constraints to access, design intervention Access constraints=low income, policy, planning, low road density, accessibility, cost of generation, state power monopolies, low efficiency, failure in RET’s, low generation capacity, adopting technology, energy sector reform, low capital investment

Slide 4: 

Table 1: Electrification rates by Region

Materials & Methods : 

Materials & Methods Base: location, distance ,power generation, transmission, distribution & increasing costs Road networks, population density & land use Current power grid networks & rank ordering of priority areas= lowest cost supply//highest consumers Target=optimizing access through settlement-re-engineering Agglomeration forces= concentration of production factors in few settlements to trigger population redistribution Problem= provide energy to the greatest population at the least cost per household

Slide 7: 

Integrated rural energy access platform (EAP) GROWTH MULTIPLIERS// PP RATES

Results and Analysis : 

Results and Analysis Alternative growth platform developed Transport networks, population density, economic potential, existing power grids used to optimize access State spending on infrastructure & services to support agglomeration forces Population re-distribution in space & time as response to opportunity Assumption of a high level of coordination at all levels of government Rural space restructured into settlement clusters as production nodes Shortest distance analysis= used to locate nuclei of clusters in space

Discussion & Conclusion : 

Discussion & Conclusion Energy access platform (EAP)=feasible but radical re-ordering of rural areas. Empirical evidence of population density & increased GGP. Settlement densification=key to increasing access. Demand density & sustainability considered before provision of infrastructure & services. Optimization of access as part of comprehensive rural infrastructure development scheme in order to meet MDG Implications=land access/ownership/tenure /land administration systems/ land management and flexible land markets Conclusion: Settlement re-ordering & densification will facilitate /optimize rural energy access in SSA

References : 

References IEA(International Energy Agency),2008. Energy Perspectives. Paris: OECD NERSA,2003. White Paper on Renewable Energy. Pretoria: NERSA WEC,2005. Regional Energy Integration in Africa. London: WEC Adenikinju,A.2008. Promotion of public, private partnerships to improve energy access in SSA for poverty reduction and growth, Paper at OFID Workshop, June 9-10, Abuja THANK YOU