Leadershipin TQM :Leadershipin TQM Presentation by: Saima Yasmin Khan 08.MS.EM.05 Presented to : Prof.Javed Latif Piracha University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan


Introduction :Introduction Definition Characteristics of Quality Leaders Leadership Concepts 7 Habits of highly Effective People Ethics


Slide 3:What is leadership? Leading people Influencing people Commanding people Guiding people


Slide 4:Leadership is the ability to influence individuals or groups toward the achievement of goals. Leadership is the ability to get work done with and through others, while at the same time winning their confidence, respect, loyalty and willing cooperation. Leadership is the ability to persuade or motivate people to achieve a goal of outcome. Leadership is having followers. Leadership


Slide 5:Leadership Social influence in an organization, the effects of which are relevant to or have an impact on the setting & achievement of organizational goals


Slide 6:Project Leadership Management Focuses on policies and procedures that bring order and predictability to complex organizational situations Is traditionally defined with such activities as planning, organizing, controlling, staffing, evaluating, and monitoring Leadership Is different from management, although they tend to overlap Centers on vision, change, and getting results that involves setting direction, aligning people, and motivating them


Slide 7:Leaders vs. Managers LEADERS: innovate Leading & Developing People inspire trust have a long-range view ask what and why have eyes on horizon originate challenge status quo do the right thing MANAGERS: administrate Managing Processes rely on control have a short-range view ask how and when have eyes on bottom line initiate accept status quo do things right


Slide 8:We Need Both Leading and Managing Lead People Direction Communication Resources Coach Reinforce Manage Processes Happy Customers Feedback - What’s working? - Need to do differently? Healthy processes serving happy customers


Slide 9:Providing Direction - Showing the Way Vision - What Success Looks Like Objectives - How we will win Goals - How much, by when Strategies - What we will focus on Initiatives - Specific projects we will undertake


Slide 10:Communicate The DirectionProvide Understanding and Hope The direction we are pursuing What benefits we expect to get Progress - Results achieved to date Communication should be clear, concise and continuous Variety of media should be used - People take in and process information in different ways


Slide 11:Enable – Set Up People for Success Provide resources - people, time, $$$ Provide training - build needed skills Provide methods to accomplish assigned tasks Remove barriers Coach and Counsel


Slide 12:Recognize and ReinforceCatch People Doing Things Right Recognize accomplishments and results - Psychological rewards - Financial rewards Reinforce desired behavior - Catch people doing things right People want and need feedback - “How am I doing?” Feedback needed for improvement Key tool - Management reviews


Slide 13:So What Do Leaders Do? Provide Direction - Leaders show the way Communicate - Leaders develop understanding and hope Enable, Coach, Counsel, Provide Resources - Leaders set people up for success Recognize Results and Reinforce Desired Behavior - Leaders catch people doing things right


Topic#2.. 12 Characteristics of Quality Leaders :Topic#2.. 12 Characteristics of Quality Leaders Give priority attention to customer Empower rather than control subordinates Emphasize improvement rather than maintenance Emphasize prevention Encourage collaboration rather than competetion Train & coach rather than direct & supervise 11.6


Slide 15:12 Characteristics of Quality Leaderscont…. Continuously demonstrate ,commitment to Quality Chose suppliers on basis of Quality not Price Establish organizational system to achieve Quality Encourage & Recognize Team effort 11.6 Learn from problems Try to improve communication continuously


Topic # 3. Leadership Concepts :Topic # 3. Leadership Concepts Five levels of human needs Level 1: Basic Survival; Air, food, water, clothing, and shelter Level 2: Safety/Security; Money, laws, law enforcement Level 3: Social; Family, friends, colleagues, organizations Level 4: Esteem; Respect of others, worth Level 5: Self-Actualization; Fulfillment


Slide 17:Good leaders are committed to both the job being done and the people getting the job done.


Slide 18:SECRETS TO BUILDING: FOLLOWERS LOYALTY Set high expectations Communicate constantly Empower, Empower, Empower Invest in their financial security Recognize people as often as possible Counsel people on their career Educate them


Slide 19:Paradigm: A paradigm is the way we perceive, understand and interpret the world around us. Paradigm Shift: It is a different way of looking things. Paradigm shifts are quantum changes, whether slow and deliberate or instantaneous. To be more effective we need a Paradigm shift. Topic # 3. 7 Habits of Highly Effective People,


Paradigm Shift….Way to Success :Paradigm Shift….Way to Success Paradigm Shift Based upon Habits Ethics


Habits :Habits Knowledge (what to, why to) Desire (want to) Skills (how to) Habits Habit is the intersection of knowledge skill and desire. Knowledge is the theoretical paradigm, the what to do and why. Skill is how to do. And desire is the motivation, the want to do.


Slide 22:7 Habits of Highly Effective People, P/PC Balance (Production of desired results/production Capacity)


Slide 23:Independence Dependence Interdependence PUBLIC VICTORY PRIVATE VICTORY Seek First to Understand … Then to be Understood Synergize Think Win/Win Put First Things First Be Proactive Begin with the End in Mind Sharpen the Saw THE SEVEN HABITS PARADIGM


Habit # 1 :Habit # 1 Be Proactive 1


Slide 25:Proactive people do not blame circumstances, conditions, or conditioning for their behavior. Their behavior is the product of their own conscious choice, based on values, rather than a product of their conditions, based on feelings. Reactive people are often affected by their physical environment. If the weather is good, they feel good. If it isn’t, it affects their attitude and their performance.


Listening to Our Language :Listening to Our Language Reactive Language There is nothing I Can Do That’s just the way I am He makes me so mad They Won’t allow that I have to do that I can’t I must Proactive Language Let’s look at alternatives I can choose a different approach I control my own feelings I can create an effective presentation I will choose an appropriate response I choose I prefer I Will


Slide 27:7 Habits Stimulus Response Stimulus Response Proactive Freedom to Choose Reactive Self-awareness Imagination Conscience Independent Will


Slide 28:Stimulus Freedom To Choose Response Self-Awareness Imagination Conscience Independent will Proactive Model


Slide 29:Not until you can say I am what I am today because of the choices I made yesterday. ... can you say I choose otherwise.


Slide 30:Circle of Influence Circle of Concern Reactive Focus (Negative Energy Reduces the circle of influence) Circle of Influence Circle of Concern Proactive Focus ( Positive Energy enlarges the circle of influence No Concern No Concern PROACTIVE REACTIVE


Slide 31:BE PROACTIVE I can forgive, forget, and let go of past injustices I’m aware that I’m responsible I’m the creative force of my life I choose my attitude, emotions, and moods


Habit # 2 :Habit # 2 Begin with the End in Mind 2


Slide 33:Begin With The End In Mind Identify the Target! “To begin with the end in mind means to start with a clear understanding of your destination. It means to know where you’re going so that you better understand where you are now, so that the steps you take are always in the right direction.” Stephen Covey, Seven Habits of Highly Effective People


Slide 34:To Begin with the end in mind. Specifically … write what you want to reap. 1. Write your Personal Mission Statement What do you HOPE for? A prestigious job? Money? Fame. 2. Decide your Circle of Concern. Write what you are willing to sow. Time? Personal energy? Money? Your friend? 3. Realize Importance of Creation Principle The law of the farm: You reap what you sow. vision = what you want to see mission = immediate next step(s) Both tend to focus priorities.


1.Write A Personal Mission Statements :1.Write A Personal Mission Statements A personal mission statement is like a personal constitution. It is fundamentally changeless. Personal Mission Statements focus on what you want to be (Character) and to do (Contribution and achievements) and on the values or principles upon which being and doing are based. To Begin with the end in mind.


2.Various “Centers” :2.Various “Centers” Spouse centered Family centered Money centered Possession centered Pleasure centered Friend/Enemy centered Religion centered Self centered Principle Centered Principles do not change Principles do not react to anything Principles are deep fundamental truths , tightly interwoven threads running with exactness, consistency ,beauty, and strength through the fabric of life.


3.Importance of Creation Principle :3.Importance of Creation Principle Leader ship is the first creation Leadership deals with the top line : What are the things I want to accomplish? Leadership determines whether the ladder is leaning against the right wall Management is the second creation Management’s main focus: How can I best accomplish certain things? Management is efficiency in climbing the ladder of success All things are created twice mental or first creation a physical or second creation Most non-productive endeavors fail with the first creation


Slide 38:Objective of this habit means Consider the end of your life image, picture, or paradigm criterion by which everything else is examined Start with a clear destination know where you are going understand where you are now take steps in the right direction


Habit # 3 :Habit # 3 Put First Things First 3


Time Management Matrix :Time Management Matrix Not Important Important Urgent Not Urgent I II III IV Activities: Crises Pressing Problems Deadline Driven Projects Activities: Interruptions, some calls Some mail, some reports Some meetings Proximate, pressing matters Popular activities Activities: Prevention, PC activities Relationship building Recognizing new opportunities Planning, recreation Activities: Trivia, busy work Some mail Some phone calls Time wasters Pleasant activities


Slide 41:Objective of this Habit urgent not urgent important not important I: necessity crises deadlines“maintaining” (25 - 25) II: opportunity PC activities planning & prevention commitment (65-15) III interruptions some meetings some reports (5-55) IV trivia busy work time wasters (5-5) We want Quadrant II > Quadrant I. Quadrant II comes from Quadrants III and IV. Write down your Key Rolesfor the week ... List your objectives for each role to stay in Quadrant II Schedule Time to complete the objectives Adapt the Weekly Schedule to your Daily Activities


Habit # 4 :Habit # 4 Think Win/Win 4


Slide 44:Habit Four – Think Win/Win WinWin Definition The win-win approach is a set of principles, practices, and tools, which enable a set of interdependent stakeholders to work out a mutually satisfactory (win-win) set of shared commitments.


Slide 45:Habit 4: Think win-win. See the Problem from the other View Point Identify the Key Issues and Concerns Determine Acceptable Results Seek Possible New Options to Achieve those Results


Slide 46:Win Condition Agreement Option Issue involves addresses adopts covers Win/Win Negotiation Model WinWin Equilibrium State- All Win Conditions covered by Agreements- No outstanding Issues


Slide 47:Why Use Win/Win ? The alternatives don’t work Win-lose often leads to lose-lose Avoids costly rework 100X cost to fix requirements after delivery Builds trust and manages expectations Looking out for other’s needs builds trust Balancing needs leads to realistic expectations Helps stakeholders adapt to change Shared vision and the flexibility of quick re-negotiation


Habit # 5 :Habit # 5 Seek First to Understand, Then to be Understood 5


Slide 49:Habit 5: First understand ... then be understood. Next to Physical Survival Psychological Survival, Which Includes: ? To be Understood ? To be Affirmed ? To be Validated ? To be Appreciated ? Three Sequentially Used Greek Words Ethos: Your personal Credibility or Character Pathos: Empathy You have with the Person ‘s Communication Logos: Logic or Reasoning part of your Presentation


Slide 50:Initiative (An example) Definition Taking prompt action to accomplish objectives; taking action to achieve goals beyond what is required; being proactive. Key Actions Responds quickly--Takes immediate action when confronted with a problem or when made aware of a situation. Takes independent action--Implements new ideas or potential solutions without prompting; does not wait for others to take action or to request action. Goes above and beyond--Takes action that goes beyond job requirements in order to achieve objectives.


Habit # 6 :Habit # 6 Synergize 6


Slide 53:6. Synergize The Whole is Greater than the Sum of its Parts Synergistic Communication - OPEN YOUR Mind & Heart to New Possibilities Synergy is EXCITING ! Fish for the Alternatives Value the Differences


Habit # 7 :Habit # 7 Sharpen the Saw 7 Physical Social Spiritual Mental Renewal


Slide 55:Physical Exercise, Nutrition Stress Management Social/Emotional Service, Empathy Synergy, Intrinsic Security Mental Reading, Visualizing Planning, Writing Spiritual Value Clarification & Commitment, Study & Meditation


Slide 56:Practice makes Perfect: THE UPWARD SPIRAL Learn Do Commit Learn Commit Do Do Learn Commit Learn Commit Do


Slide 57:Duplicity Unkindness Violated expectations Outside stress and pressures Time wasters Interruptions Pressing problems Crises SEVEN HABITS


Slide 58:Topic # 4.Ethics:What Does It Really Mean? Ethics involves a discipline that examines good or bad practices within the context of a moral duty Moral conduct is behavior that is right or wrong Business ethics include practices and behaviors that are good or bad


Paradigm Shift-> Character Ethics :Paradigm Shift-> Character Ethics Personality Ethic : Personality, public image, attitudes & behaviors, skills and techniques, quick fixes Character Ethic Integrity, humility, temperance, courage, justice, patience, industry, simplicity, modesty Not just “What do I want?” but “Why do I want it?”


Slide 60:Unethical Behaviors


Slide 61:Ethics Versus Legality


Slide 62:Inventory of Ethical Issues in Business Employee-Employer Relations Employer-Employee Relations Company-Customer Relations Company-Shareholder Relations Company-Community/Public Interest


Slide 63:Ethical issues for business Product safety standards Advertising contents Working environment Unauthorized payments Employee’s privacy Environmental issues


Slide 64:The Root Causes of Unethical Behavior Organization favors own interests than customers, employees and the public Increasing sales through false advertising Encourages Secrecy and deceit vs Honesty Injustice in taking Shares pressurizing workers to cover mistakes Get benefits at cost of others loss Taking high risks , when knowledge is less and risk is miscalculated


Slide 65:Ethics Management Program Commitment New Policies and Procedure Continuous Improvement Investment in Appraisal, Prevention and Promotion


Slide 66:Step1.Appraisal Step2.Prevention Step3.Promotion Ethics Management Program Analysis of Cost associated with Unethical Behavior 1.Cost from Pressure: From Unethical Decisions under Pressure 2.Cost from Opportunity: From intentional wrongdoing 3.Cost from Attitudes: From mistaken beliefs in unethical form of behavior Development of a system that will minimize the Cost 1.Pressure Addressing Development of Goals, Values and Policies for individual diversity & decision making input 2.Opportunity Addressing .Policies that encourage Whistleblowers & persons confidentially solving internal unethical problems 3.Attitude Addressing .Ethics training for all, recognizing ethical conduct at workplace, performance appraisals & encouraging open discussions concerning ethical behaviors Continuous Advertising of Ethical Behavior 1.Teach & Encourage team to: 1.clarify ethical issues, 2.get the facts before acting, 3.consider consequences before acting, 4.test their actions in advance by 1.Is it Legal?2.Right? 3.beneficial for all, 4.If published? 2. Be positive; Do right, encourage principles Reward ethical behavior 3.Be effective; Act as you want others to act


Slide 67:Final Comment:Importance of Ethics Quality is dependent on Ethical Behavior. Doing what is Right is a proven way to Reduce Costs Improve competitiveness Create Customer Satisfaction