logging in or signing up RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN NANOTECHNOLOGY swany619609 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Dynamic Copy Does not support media & animations Automatically changes to Flash or non-Flash embed WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 826 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: October 02, 2011 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 1 Presentation Description advantages of nano tech. in nuclear power reactor Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN NANOTECHNOLOGY: RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN NANOTECHNOLOGY NUCLEAR POWER PLANT IN SAFER AND ECONOMICAL WAY BY USING NANOFLUIDS What are the basic necessities of life? : What are the basic necessities of life ? 1.Air 2. Water 3. Food 4. Shelter 5. Clothing These are a humans basic needs .Slide 3: ENERGYWhat is nanotechnology: What is nanotechnology The manipulation and manufacture of materials and devices on the scale of atoms or small groups of atoms. The “ nanoscale ” is typically measured in nanometres , or billionths of a meter. materials built at this scale often exhibit distinctive physical and chemical properties due to quantum mechanical effects.How nano it is?: How nano it is? 12,756 Km 0.7 nm 1.27 × 10 7 m 0.22 m 0.7 × 10-9 m C-60 atoms called “ buckyball ” Football EarthNUCLEAR POWER REACTOR: NUCLEAR POWER REACTORDRAWBACKS OF WATER IN PRESURIZED WATER REACTOR (PWR): DRAWBACKS OF WATER IN PRESURIZED WATER REACTOR (PWR) Having low critical heating flux value (CHF). At nucleate boiling it tends to form vapors which is not a good conductor of heat. If water fails to remove enough heat from the reactor core nuclear fuel might get explode. Ex: chernobyl disaster in 1986 where core didn’t receive enough cooling.NANOFLUIDS: NANOFLUIDS Nanofluid is a fluid containing nanometer-sized particles, called nanoparticles. These fluids are engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid. The nanoparticles used in nanofluids are typically made of metals, oxides, carbides, or carbon nanotubes. Common base fluids include water ethylene glycol and oil. Ex: Al 2 O 3, ZrO 2 , Cu, CuO . NANOFLUIDS - HIGH HEAT TRANSFER FLUIDS PROPERTIES OF NANOFLUIDS WHICH MAKES NUCLEAR PLANT MORE ECONOMICAL: PROPERTIES OF NANOFLUIDS WHICH MAKES NUCLEAR PLANT MORE ECONOMICAL Better thermal conductivity than water. Significant pool boiling observed at a very low concentration of nanofluids Enhanced critical heat flux (CHF). Convective heat transfer enhancement. More surface area to volume ratio for heat transfer Required low concentration of nanoparticles. Because of low mass of nanofluids gives high colloidal stability. High surface wettability.HEAT TRANSFER PROPERTIES OF NANOFLUIDS: HEAT TRANSFER PROPERTIES OF NANOFLUIDS BASE FLUIDS NANOPARTICLES AVG. DIAMETER (nm) CONCENTRATION ( vol %) PEAK THERMAL CODUCTIVITY RATIO Water Al 2 O 3 <50 4.3 1.08 Water Al 2 O 3 <50 5 1.22 Water CuO <50 3.4 1.1 Water Cu Up to 18 5 1.6 Water Cu Up to 100 7.6 1.76HOW IT WORKS: HOW IT WORKS Replacing pure water coolant with nanofluids . Where concentration of nanofluids is around .4% - 1.5%. Due to high thermal conductivity, high heat transfer coefficient and CHF heat transfer rate increases from control rod to the steam generator as shown. Just like a magic powderEFFECT OF NANOFLUIDS ON CONTROL ROD: EFFECT OF NANOFLUIDS ON CONTROL ROD Using nanofluid Without using nanofluidSlide 13: Photographs provide some insights into why the nanofluid works better than the water does. In both tests, as boiling begins, bubbles form along the hot rod. At relatively low temperatures. as temperatures rise, things go bad for the control rod in water. Bubbles begin to crowd together until the rod becomes covered with a continuous layer of vapor. But the Vapor is bad conductor of heat. Causes rod glowing hot and ready to break.Slide 14: After boiling occurs, the rod in water is still smooth. But the rod in the nanofluid has become coated with nanoparticles. That rough, porous coating encourages the formation of bubbles. and-when the nanoparticles are made of "water-friendly" materials such as alumina-the coating actually pushes newly formed bubbles away. The layer of vapor cannot form . Increases rate of heat transfer.EFFECT ON PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY: EFFECT ON PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY It increases 20 percent more electricity out of today's nuclear power plants (PWR). Great energy saving. Make PWR more safe. Its much more economic than earlier PWR. PWR – No greenhouse gases.COMPARISIONS IN PWR WITH AND WITHOUT NANOFLUID: COMPARISIONS IN PWR WITH AND WITHOUT NANOFLUID Parameter PWR without nanofluid PWR with nanofluid Thermal power (MW) 3411 4775 mass flow rate (kg/s) 17700 21,240 Power density kw/L) 104.5 146.3 Peak linear power (kW/m) 46.6 42.8 Peak fuel temp. (°C) 1870 1830 Coolant velocity (m/s) 5.4 6.4 Coolant pumping power (MW) 2.5 5OTHER USES OF NANOFLUIDS IN NUCLEAR REACTOR : OTHER USES OF NANOFLUIDS IN NUCLEAR REACTOR In light water reactor (LWR) as safety coolant. Management of severe accidents in vessel retention. Radiation can cause individual atoms or groups of atoms to be jarred out of place, nanoparticles have tendency to withstand with it.APPLICATIONS IN OTHER INDUSTRY: APPLICATIONS IN OTHER INDUSTRY Nanofluids are used for cooling of microchips in computers and elsewhere. They are also used in other electronic applications which use microfluidic applications . nanofluids can be used for liquid cooling of computer processors due to their high thermal conductivity . Nanodrug delivery. Cancer Therapy. Nanofluid d etergent.ACHIVIEMENTS IN NANOTECNOLOGY: ACHIVIEMENTS IN NANOTECNOLOGY For U.S. industry, the replacement of cooling and heating water with nanofluids has the potential to conserve 1 trillion Btu of energy . For the U.S. electric power industry, using nanofluids in closed-loop cooling cycles could save about 10–30 trillion Btu per year (equivalent to the annual energy consumption of about 50,000–150,000 households ). The associated emissions reductions would be approximately 5.6 million metric tons of carbon dioxide 8,600 metric tons of nitrogen oxides; and 21,000 metric tons of sulfur dioxide.NANOTECHNOLOGY: NANOTECHNOLOGY We made computers that are incredibly powerful , now We'll have more power in the volume of a sugar cube than exists in the entire world todaySlide 21: Thank you You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN NANOTECHNOLOGY swany619609 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Dynamic Copy Does not support media & animations Automatically changes to Flash or non-Flash embed WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 826 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: October 02, 2011 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 1 Presentation Description advantages of nano tech. in nuclear power reactor Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN NANOTECHNOLOGY: RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN NANOTECHNOLOGY NUCLEAR POWER PLANT IN SAFER AND ECONOMICAL WAY BY USING NANOFLUIDS What are the basic necessities of life? : What are the basic necessities of life ? 1.Air 2. Water 3. Food 4. Shelter 5. Clothing These are a humans basic needs .Slide 3: ENERGYWhat is nanotechnology: What is nanotechnology The manipulation and manufacture of materials and devices on the scale of atoms or small groups of atoms. The “ nanoscale ” is typically measured in nanometres , or billionths of a meter. materials built at this scale often exhibit distinctive physical and chemical properties due to quantum mechanical effects.How nano it is?: How nano it is? 12,756 Km 0.7 nm 1.27 × 10 7 m 0.22 m 0.7 × 10-9 m C-60 atoms called “ buckyball ” Football EarthNUCLEAR POWER REACTOR: NUCLEAR POWER REACTORDRAWBACKS OF WATER IN PRESURIZED WATER REACTOR (PWR): DRAWBACKS OF WATER IN PRESURIZED WATER REACTOR (PWR) Having low critical heating flux value (CHF). At nucleate boiling it tends to form vapors which is not a good conductor of heat. If water fails to remove enough heat from the reactor core nuclear fuel might get explode. Ex: chernobyl disaster in 1986 where core didn’t receive enough cooling.NANOFLUIDS: NANOFLUIDS Nanofluid is a fluid containing nanometer-sized particles, called nanoparticles. These fluids are engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid. The nanoparticles used in nanofluids are typically made of metals, oxides, carbides, or carbon nanotubes. Common base fluids include water ethylene glycol and oil. Ex: Al 2 O 3, ZrO 2 , Cu, CuO . NANOFLUIDS - HIGH HEAT TRANSFER FLUIDS PROPERTIES OF NANOFLUIDS WHICH MAKES NUCLEAR PLANT MORE ECONOMICAL: PROPERTIES OF NANOFLUIDS WHICH MAKES NUCLEAR PLANT MORE ECONOMICAL Better thermal conductivity than water. Significant pool boiling observed at a very low concentration of nanofluids Enhanced critical heat flux (CHF). Convective heat transfer enhancement. More surface area to volume ratio for heat transfer Required low concentration of nanoparticles. Because of low mass of nanofluids gives high colloidal stability. High surface wettability.HEAT TRANSFER PROPERTIES OF NANOFLUIDS: HEAT TRANSFER PROPERTIES OF NANOFLUIDS BASE FLUIDS NANOPARTICLES AVG. DIAMETER (nm) CONCENTRATION ( vol %) PEAK THERMAL CODUCTIVITY RATIO Water Al 2 O 3 <50 4.3 1.08 Water Al 2 O 3 <50 5 1.22 Water CuO <50 3.4 1.1 Water Cu Up to 18 5 1.6 Water Cu Up to 100 7.6 1.76HOW IT WORKS: HOW IT WORKS Replacing pure water coolant with nanofluids . Where concentration of nanofluids is around .4% - 1.5%. Due to high thermal conductivity, high heat transfer coefficient and CHF heat transfer rate increases from control rod to the steam generator as shown. Just like a magic powderEFFECT OF NANOFLUIDS ON CONTROL ROD: EFFECT OF NANOFLUIDS ON CONTROL ROD Using nanofluid Without using nanofluidSlide 13: Photographs provide some insights into why the nanofluid works better than the water does. In both tests, as boiling begins, bubbles form along the hot rod. At relatively low temperatures. as temperatures rise, things go bad for the control rod in water. Bubbles begin to crowd together until the rod becomes covered with a continuous layer of vapor. But the Vapor is bad conductor of heat. Causes rod glowing hot and ready to break.Slide 14: After boiling occurs, the rod in water is still smooth. But the rod in the nanofluid has become coated with nanoparticles. That rough, porous coating encourages the formation of bubbles. and-when the nanoparticles are made of "water-friendly" materials such as alumina-the coating actually pushes newly formed bubbles away. The layer of vapor cannot form . Increases rate of heat transfer.EFFECT ON PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY: EFFECT ON PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY It increases 20 percent more electricity out of today's nuclear power plants (PWR). Great energy saving. Make PWR more safe. Its much more economic than earlier PWR. PWR – No greenhouse gases.COMPARISIONS IN PWR WITH AND WITHOUT NANOFLUID: COMPARISIONS IN PWR WITH AND WITHOUT NANOFLUID Parameter PWR without nanofluid PWR with nanofluid Thermal power (MW) 3411 4775 mass flow rate (kg/s) 17700 21,240 Power density kw/L) 104.5 146.3 Peak linear power (kW/m) 46.6 42.8 Peak fuel temp. (°C) 1870 1830 Coolant velocity (m/s) 5.4 6.4 Coolant pumping power (MW) 2.5 5OTHER USES OF NANOFLUIDS IN NUCLEAR REACTOR : OTHER USES OF NANOFLUIDS IN NUCLEAR REACTOR In light water reactor (LWR) as safety coolant. Management of severe accidents in vessel retention. Radiation can cause individual atoms or groups of atoms to be jarred out of place, nanoparticles have tendency to withstand with it.APPLICATIONS IN OTHER INDUSTRY: APPLICATIONS IN OTHER INDUSTRY Nanofluids are used for cooling of microchips in computers and elsewhere. They are also used in other electronic applications which use microfluidic applications . nanofluids can be used for liquid cooling of computer processors due to their high thermal conductivity . Nanodrug delivery. Cancer Therapy. Nanofluid d etergent.ACHIVIEMENTS IN NANOTECNOLOGY: ACHIVIEMENTS IN NANOTECNOLOGY For U.S. industry, the replacement of cooling and heating water with nanofluids has the potential to conserve 1 trillion Btu of energy . For the U.S. electric power industry, using nanofluids in closed-loop cooling cycles could save about 10–30 trillion Btu per year (equivalent to the annual energy consumption of about 50,000–150,000 households ). The associated emissions reductions would be approximately 5.6 million metric tons of carbon dioxide 8,600 metric tons of nitrogen oxides; and 21,000 metric tons of sulfur dioxide.NANOTECHNOLOGY: NANOTECHNOLOGY We made computers that are incredibly powerful , now We'll have more power in the volume of a sugar cube than exists in the entire world todaySlide 21: Thank you