MEANING :
MEANING Broadly refers to man’s management of the environment to produce food.
The art or science of cultivating the ground, including the harvesting of crops, and the rearing and management of live stock; tillage; husbandry; farming.
the science, art, or practice of cultivating the soil, producing crops, and raising livestock and in varying degrees the preparation and marketing of the resulting products
IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE IN INDIA :
IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE IN INDIA Backbone of Indian economy.
Source of raw materials for agro based industries.
Helps in development of industries.
Provision of employment for millions of people.
Earns lots of foreign exchange.
SALIENT FEATURES OF INDIAN AGRICULTURE :
SALIENT FEATURES OF INDIAN AGRICULTURE DEPENDENCE ON MONSOONS: Indian farmers are gambling with vagaries of monsoon. Only one-third of the crop area is irrigated.
VARIETY OF CROPS: vast relief and variety of climatic and soil condition has to produce variety of crops, both tropical, sub tropical and temperate crops.
PREPONDERANCE OF FOOD CROPS: due to large population cultivation of food crops are given more importance than other crops.
CROP SEASONS :
CROP SEASONS
GREEN REVOLUTION :
GREEN REVOLUTION Taken up under Intensive Agriculture Development Program (IADP)
Program undertaken by govt to increase the production of food crops.
Measures adopted:
Use of HYV
Provision Irrigation facilities
Use of insecticides and pesticides
Consolidation of landholdings
Agricultural credit system
Opening of Agricultural Universities and Research Centres
Rural electrification
FACTORS AFFECTING POTENTIAL OF INDIAN AGRICULTURE :
FACTORS AFFECTING POTENTIAL OF INDIAN AGRICULTURE Under – efficient credit system.
Excessive population pressure.
Under skilled agricultural labour
Practice of Primitive tools and implements.
Small and fragmented landholdings
Poor quality of seeds.
Erratic nature of rainfall
Low yield
Lack of proper use of manures and fertilisers.
TYPES OF AGRICULTURE IN INDIA :
TYPES OF AGRICULTURE IN INDIA