GPS Final

Global Positioning System: 

G lobal P ositioning S ystem Submitted By:- Thorat Gaurav .R. Malpure Saurabh .S. Chaudhari Sagar .S . Dhage Purshottam .V. Of Second Year Of Diploma in Computer Technology In The Guidance of:- Mr.

Agenda: 

Agenda Introduction History of GPS What is GPS? How does GPS work? GPS Satellites & Signal Accuracy of GPS Error Sources Functions of GPS GPS Satellite Geometry Atomic Clocks System Performance Application of GPS Technology Military Uses for the GPS Agricultural uses of GPS Advantages & Disadvantages of GPS Conclusion

Introduction: 

Introduction The global positioning system(GPS) is a network of 24 NAVSTAR ( Navigation Satellite Timing and Ranging Global positioning system) satellites orbiting at a distance of 20,200kms from the surface of the earth . Originally established by the U.S. department of defense (DOD). The system's positioning and timing data are used for a variety of applications, including air, land and sea navigation, vehicle and vessel tracking, surveying and mapping ,asset and natural resource management. GPS is the shortened form of NAVSTAR GPS. This is an acronym for Navigation system with Time and Ranging.

History of GPS - : 

History of GPS - History of GPS practicable studies begun in 1960’s. Pentagon appropriates funding in 1973. First satellite launched in 1978. GPS atomic clocks onboard satellites activated. 1980 System declared fully operational in April, 1995.

What is GPS?: 

What is GPS? GPS, which stands for Global Positioning System, is the only system today able to show you your exact position on the Earth anytime, in any weather, anywhere. The three parts of GPS are: 1).Satellites 2).Receivers 3).Software

How does GPS work?: 

How does GPS work? To use the satellites as references for range measurements we need to know exactly where they are. Minor variations in their orbits are measured by the Department of Defense. The error information is sent to the satellites, to be transmitted along with the timing signals.

GPS Satellites & Signals: 

GPS Satellites & Signals The GPS Operational Constellation consists of 24 satellites that orbit the Earth in very precise orbits twice a day. GPS satellites emit continuous navigation signals. Each GPS satellite transmits data that indicates its location and the current time. All GPS satellites synchronize operations so that these repeating signals are transmitted at the same instant. Physically the signal is just a complicated digital code, or in other words, a complicated sequence of “on” and “off” pulses. Artist's conception of GPS Block II-F satellite in orbit

Accuracy of GPS : 

Accuracy of GPS Depending on the exact time of day and the number of GPS satellites available, a position generated from an uncorrected GPS receiver may be 40 feet from truth, although most positions are within 15 feet. There are several reasons for this range of values, mostly stemming from GPS signal delays in the ionosphere .

Error Sources: 

Error Sources 95% due to hardware ,environment and atmosphere Intentional signal degradation Old GPS Receiver Modern GPS Receiver

Functions of GPS: 

Functions of GPS The functions of GPS are:- The distance and direction between any two waypoints Travel progress reports . Accurate time measurement .

GPS Satellite Geometry: 

GPS Satellite Geometry Satellite geometry can affect the quality of GPS signals and accuracy of receiver is with three sides. Position Dilution of Precision is the commonly in GPS to determine the quality of a receiver’s position. It’s usually up to the GPS receiver to pick satellites which provide the best position triangulation.

Atomic Clocks: 

Atomic Clocks GPS satellites uses Atomic Clocks for accuracy, but because of the expense, most GPS receivers do not. Atomic Clock

System Performance : 

System Performance Standard Positioning System 100 meters horizontal accuracy 156 meters vertical accuracy Designed for civilian use No user fee or restrictions Some errors can be factored out using mathematics and modeling. The configuration of the satellites in the sky can magnify other errors.

Application of GPS Technology : 

Application of GPS Technology Location - determining a basic position Navigation - getting from one location to another Mapping - creating maps of the world Timing - bringing precise timing to the world Private and recreation Traveling by car Vehicle control Mapping, survey. Agriculture Aviation General and commercial Spacecraft

Military Uses for the GPS : 

Military Uses for the GPS Operation Desert Storm Featureless terrain Initial purchase of 1000 portable commercial receivers More than 9000 receivers in use by end of  the conflict Foot soldiers Vehicles Aircraft Marine vessels GPS Antenna

Agricultural Uses of GPS: 

Agricultural Uses of GPS GPS is fast becoming a standard utility in the agricultural world. Some examples of other uses of GPS are: • Yield monitoring • Field mapping and scouting • Soil sampling • Aerial guidance • High-accuracy automated steering • Variable-rate application and as-applied mapping

Advantages & Disadvantages of GPS - : 

Advantages & Disadvantages of GPS - Advantages Fast speed Leads u in right direction Helps improve mapping skills Makes navigation easier Has panic buttons built in Disadvantages Cellular devices can track other cellular device users Not very cheap Needs good care and handling Needs batteries (handheld ones)

Conclusion: 

Conclusion GPS is most useful for military peoples. It is more expensive. It is depend on the satellite. The technology of the Global Positioning System is allowing for huge changes in society. The applications using GPS are constantly growing. The cost of the receivers is dropping while at the same time the accuracy of the system is improving. This affects everyone with things such as faster Internet speed and safer plane landings.

THANK YOU!!: 

THANK YOU!! For Your Kind Attention Any Querries ? By Gaurav Thorat & Saurabh Malpure