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See all Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 2: ADMINISTRATION OF NURSING EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS INTRODUCTION : INTRODUCTION Nurses have never been more critical to success of health care system than they are now. The education and practice of nursing is based on a range of scientific principles from both the physical and behavioural sciences. Diversity is the main characteristics of nursing education today. A variety of nursing education programmes exist today. The proper administration of these programmes and educational institutions is important. several studies done on the nursing education suggested the following:- : several studies done on the nursing education suggested the following:- The nursing education should be established within the system of higher education. The nurses should be highly educated. The student nurses should not be used as staff nurses in hospitals. All nurses should have certain qualification upon graduation. NURSING PROGRAMMES : NURSING PROGRAMMES At present there are various nursing education programmes existing. The various programmes are:- ANM - 18 month GNM – 3.6 years Post certificate B.Sc. Nursing – 2 years B.Sc. Nursing – 4 years M.sc Nursing - 2 years M.Phil - one year P.h. D – 3 – 5 years PURPOSES : PURPOSES The main purpose of any nursing programme is to provide an educational programme through which the nurses will be prepared to assume responsibility in the primary, secondary and tertiary care of people as professional nurses. It is also expected that the graduates and postgraduates are capable of teaching, supervising and involve in research, and administration duties of nursing education and services. OBJECTIVES : OBJECTIVES UPON THE COMPLETION OF A COLLEGE NURSING PROGRAMME, THE NURSES ARE EXPECTED TO DE: Assess health status, identify nursing needs, plan, implement and evaluate nursing care for patients (individual, family or community) Demonstrate competencies in the skills and techniques of nursing based on concepts and principles selected from physical, biological and behavioural sciences. Slide 8: Participate as members of health team in the promotive, preventive and restorative health care delivery system of the country. Demonstrate leadership qualities and decision making abilities in various situations. Recognize the need for continued learning for their personal and professional development. Demonstrate skills in teaching, management, interpersonal relations and communications. Practice ethical values in their personal and professional life. NURSING COLLEGE ADMINISTRATION : NURSING COLLEGE ADMINISTRATION The various aspects in the administration of nursing educational institutions are:- Formulation of the philosophy of the college of nursing. Formulation of the board of management. Permission from the state nursing council Permission from the state government Permission from the Indian Nursing Council Permission from the university Slide 10: Infrastructure and other facilities Selection, recruitment and appointment of faculty members Selection and recruitment of the students Budgeting Curriculum development and administration Periodic credentialing and accreditation Extracurricular and co-curricular activities Student government Maintenance of records and reports. GUIDELINES TO SET UP A NEW SCHOOL OR COLLEGE OF NURSING. : GUIDELINES TO SET UP A NEW SCHOOL OR COLLEGE OF NURSING. The following procedure is to be followed for opening a new school or college of nursing. Any organization who wants to open a college shall obtain no objection certificate from the state government. The Indian Nursing Council, on receipt of no objection certificate from the organization, will undertake first inspection to assess the suitability start the programme. Slide 12: On the assessment of Indian Nursing Council, if the institution is found suitable to start the programme, Indian Nursing Council, shall write to the State Nursing Council/ Board for inspiration. On the receipt of inspection report from the State Nursing Council/ Board, Indian Nursing Council shall decide whether to give permission to admit students or not. The Indian Nursing Council will conduct inspection every year till the first batch is passed out and recognition will be given year by year. Slide 13: First Inspection First Inspection is conducted on receipt of the proposal received from the institute to start any nursing program prescribed by Indian Nursing Council. The proposal should have the following requisite documents: 1. Application form The requisite annexure for School of Nursing: Permission letter by State Government/Essentiality certificate of the respective State Government, duly attested by notary. Duly attested Registration Certificate of Society or Trust Deed A bank draft for Rs. 25,000/- towards first inspection fee for School of Nursing in favour of Secretary, Indian Nursing Council, New Delhi (ANM, GNM, Post Basic Diploma Course). Slide 14: Re Inspection Re-inspections are conducted for those institutions, which are found unsuitable by Indian Nursing Council. Once the institution takes necessary steps to rectify the deficiencies, institution should submit the compliance report with documentary proof of the deficiencies pointed out and re-inspection fees. The fees for re-inspection are Rs. 6000 for GNM and ANM courses and Rs. 7000 for B.Sc. Nursing, M.Sc. Nursing and PC.B.Sc. Nursing. On receipt of the Compliance report & fees from the institution it will be considered for re-inspection. Slide 15: Proposal for starting School of Nursing, which includes in detail teaching, clinical & physical facility including budget. The requisite annexure for College of Nursing: Permission letter by State Government/Essentiality certificate of the respective State Government. Consent letter from the University. Duly attested Registration Certificate of Society or Trust Deed A bank draft for Rs. 50,000/- towards first inspection fee for College of Nursing in favour of Secretary, Indian Nursing Council, New Delhi {P.B.B.Sc.(N), B.Sc.(N), M.Sc.(N), M. Phil(N), Ph.D(N)} Proposal for starting College of Nursing, which includes in detail teaching, clinical & physical facility including budget. Slide 16: Periodic Inspection Indian Nursing Council conducts periodical (after 3 years) inspection of the institution once the institution is found suitable by Indian Nursing Council to monitor the standard of nursing education and the adherence of the norms prescribed by INC. Institution are required to pay annual affiliation fees every year ie. Rs. 5000 for GNM and ANM programmes and Rs. 7500 for the university level programmes. However, if the institution does not comply to the norms prescribed by Indian Nursing Council for teaching, clinical & physical facilities, the institution will be declared unsuitable. Slide 17: Enhancement of seats Indian Nursing Council will conduct inspection after one year from the last inspection conducted subject to the condition that the students are admitted. Proposal of enhancement of seats will be considered only from those institutions who are found suitable by Indian Nursing Council. Indian Nursing Council will conduct inspection on above guidelines and on receipt of the fees (Rs. 6000 for GNM and ANM programmes and Rs. 7000 for the university level programmes.) and the proposal for Enhancement of seats. THE PHILOSOPHY : THE PHILOSOPHY Philosophy is search for truth and wisdom and the science of all sciences. According to Henderson “philosophy is a search for a comprehensive view of nature, an attempt at a universal explanation of nature of things.” Philosophy is one of the most essential components in the structural hierarchy of nursing curriculum. The philosophy of a nursing institution defines the value statements about both the practice and teaching of nursing. It describes what the nursing faculty believes about the education of nursing. It needs to be stated in clear, concise terms and to be directly related to the curriculum. The philosophy of nursing education determines the aims, content, method of teaching and evaluation. Formulation of the statement. : Formulation of the statement. In a nursing educational institution, one of the first things to be done by the staff is to formulate a statement of philosophy. This is a written statement of the believes and values which the college staff has agreed upon as a group, in relation to the basic nursing education programme being offered. To formulate a statement of philosophy, the staff should hold discussions, identify the areas in which they wish to make a definite statement of their beliefs, and come to unanimous decisions as to what is desirable and feasible in the interest of the student, the institution, the public and the profession. The philosophy will be foundation on which the objectives of the programme will be determined. It should be made known to the medical and nursing staff of the hospital as well as the college staff, all new staff on appointment and students. Slide 20: The statement may be written in narrative form or may be listed with appropriate introductory words such as: “The teaching staff of the college of nursing: Believe that……………. Recognize that………… Accept that…………….. SAMPLE STATEMENT : SAMPLE STATEMENT We believe that the practice of nursing requires a good understanding of basic scientific principles. Actions The curriculum should provide for instruction in the physical, biological and social sciences. Teaching should emphasize on principles rather than procedures. Examinations and other forms of evaluation should be based on the understanding of the principles. Slide 22: We recognize that nursing is a profession which is influenced by advances in science and technology. Actions There should be periodic evaluation of the total curriculum and continuous evaluation of its different parts. The library should be for the use of staff as well as students should have all the latest books and journals relating to advances in science and technology. CONTROLLING BODIES. : CONTROLLING BODIES. Administrative control: a college of nursing may be conducted under the auspices of the following: Government (state or central) University Private organizations – voluntary and religious. Academic control: University through: Board of studies in nursing Faculty of nursing/medicine/science Academic council/senate Indian Nursing Council/ State Nursing Council Slide 24: Provide post of principal and teaching staff. Formulate rules for appointment Provide posts of ancillary staff: clerical, librarian, warden, housekeeper and class IV employees. Approve admission rules and regulations. Approve the type of fee to be charged for tuition, library, laboratory, hostel, mess etc. Provide adequate clinical facilities. GOVERNING BODIES : GOVERNING BODIES Governing body may be management, university, or private organization. Its responsibility is primarily policy formulation, policies regarding management, faculty, students and educational programme. Responsibilities of the governing bodies:- Obtain clearance from legislative assembly. Make budgetary appropriation. Provide facilities – building, equipment, library etc. Responsibilities of the university: : Responsibilities of the university: Prescribe qualification for principal and teaching staff. Approve their appointments Formulate syllabus, promotion and regulations for admission, examination, promotion and graduation of the students. BOARD OF MANAGEMENT (advisory committee) : BOARD OF MANAGEMENT (advisory committee) Organization There are many activities associated with the organization of a school of nursing and the most efficient, effective and democratic way of co-ordinating them and at the same time systematic attention should be ensured to all aspects of the work by means of committees. These committees can be set up at two levels: an advisory committee at the level of the controlling authority and standing committees from among the college staff. Members : Members The membership of the advisory committee should include: Principal Vice principal Chief nursing officer/ nursing superintendent Medical superintendent Representative of the controlling authority Representative of full time teaching staff of college A representative from the affiliated nearby nursing institution Warden/ assistant warden from the students hostel A general educationalist from the community. Function : Function The functions of the advisory committee are:- To study the needs of the college – social and educational – and advice the college as to the ends of the society in relation to nursing service. To advice on policies and support the college staff in implementing these. To support the philosophy of the college and and advice college authorities on it implementation. To concern self with the welfare of the staff and the students To assist in interpreting the educational purposes of the college to the public. To advice on monitoring and evaluation of the programme. ADMINISTRATIVE HEAD OF THE COLLEGE : ADMINISTRATIVE HEAD OF THE COLLEGE The main elements which have to be organized in the college of nursing are the curriculum, the staff, the students, the physical facilities and the clinical field. The responsibility for this organization rests with the administrative head of the school. The principal should be the administrative head of the school. She should hold professional qualifications as laid by the INC. she should be the controlling authority for the budget of the college, should also drawing and disbursing officer. The principal and vice principal should be gazetted officers in Government colleges.. Slide 31: Nursing service personnel – chief nursing officer, nursing superintendents, ward sisters and staff nurses should actively participate in teaching, supervision, guidance and evaluation of students in the clinical and field practice area. Qualification Functions STAFF OF THE COLLEGE. : STAFF OF THE COLLEGE. All the staff of the college of nursing come under the administrative control of the head of the college, the principal. DEPARTMENTAL ORGANIZATION : DEPARTMENTAL ORGANIZATION There shall be minimum departments in the college according to the instructional areas. Fundamentals of nursing Medical surgical nursing Community health nursing Maternal and child health nursing Psychiatric nursing Each department is headed by a professor/associate professor/ lecturer. The departmental head is responsible for the functioning of the department. COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION : COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION College council General staff committee Curriculum committee/ coordination committee Committee on student welfare: hostel living, recreation, health, mess committee, student counselling, discipline committee. Anti-ragging committee. Clinical facilities : Clinical facilities College of nursing should have a 120-150 bedded Parent/Affiliated Hospital for 40 annual intake in each programme: Distribution of beds in different areas Medical - 30 Surgical - 30 Obst. & Gynecology - 30 Pediatrics – 20 Ortho – 10 Bed Occupancy of the Hospital should be minimum 75%. The size of the Hospital/Nursing Home for affiliation should not be less than 50 beds. PHYSICAL FACILITIES : PHYSICAL FACILITIES Architectural plan of college building hostel Equipment needed Furniture: hostel, labs, library, classroom, offices and seminar hall. Other Specialties/Facilities for clinical experience required are as follows: : Major OT Minor OT Dental Eye/ENT Burns and Plastic Neonatology with Nursery Communicable disease Community Health Nursing Cardiology Oncology Neurology/Neuro-surgery Nephrology etc. ICU/ICCU Other Specialties/Facilities for clinical experience required are as follows: Slide 38: If the institution is having both GNM and B.Sc(N) programme, it would require 240 bedded parent/affiliated hospital for 40 annual intake in each programme to maintain 1:3 student patient ratio. Proportionately the size of the built-up area will increase according to the number of students admitted. College of nursing can share laboratories, if they are in same campus under same name and under same trust, that is the institution is one but offering different nursing programmes. However they should have equipment and articles proportionate to the strength of admission. And the class rooms should be available as per the requirement stipulated by Indian Nursing Council of each programme Slide 39: Affiliation of psychiatric hospital should be of minimum 30-50 beds. The Nursing Staffing norms in the affiliated Hospital should be as per the INC norms. The affiliated Hospital should give student status to the candidates of the nursing programme. Affiliated hospitals should be in the radius of 15-30 kms. 1:3 student patient ratio to be maintained. UPGRADATION FROM SCHOOL TO COLLEGE : UPGRADATION FROM SCHOOL TO COLLEGE Any “School of Nursing" can upgrade to "College of Nursing" provided one batch of students have passed out after found suitable by INC. Further on up-gradation institution has to stop GNM Programs. Documents to be submitted to INC for Upgradation: Decision of the management committee to upgrade school of nursing to college of nursing. Consent letter of the university to which the college needs affiliation. Research evidences : Research evidences Implementing community-based education in basic nursing education programs in South Africa. Mtshali NG School of Nursing, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. mtshalin3@ukzn.ac.zn Abstract Education of health professionals using principles of community-based education is the recommended national policy in South Africa. A paradigm shift to community-based education is reported in a number of nursing education institutions in South Africa. Reviewed literature however revealed that in some educational institutions planning, implementation and evaluation of Community-based Educational (CBE) programmes tended to be haphazard, uncoordinated and ineffective, resulting in poor student motivation. Therefore the purpose of this study was to analyse the implementation of community-based education in basic nursing education programmes in South Africa. Strauss and Corbin's (1990) grounded theory approach guided the research process. Data were collected by means of observation, interviews and document analysis. The findings revealed that collaborative decision-making involving all stakeholders was crucial especially during the curriculum planning phase. Furthermore, special criteria should be used when selecting community learning sites to ensure that the selected sites are able to facilitate the development of required graduate competencies. Collaborative effort, true partnership between academic institutions and communities, as well as government support and involvement emerged as necessary conditions for the successful implementation of community-based education programmes. Slide 44: A review of empathy education in nursing. Brunero S, Lamont S, Coates M. Abstract The ability for nurse educators to improve the empathy skill set of nurses has been the subject of several studies with varied outcomes. The aim of this paper is to review the evidence for empathy education programmes in nursing and make recommendations for future nurse education. A review of CINAHL, Medline, Psych Info and Google Scholar was undertaken using the keywords empathy, person centredness, patient centredness, client centredness, education and nursing. The studies included were required to have measured the effectiveness of empathy training in postgraduate and or undergraduate nurses. The included studies incorporated both qualitative and quantitative methods and were published in peer-reviewed journals. Studies were ranked for level of evidence according to The Joanna Briggs Institute criteria. Seventeen studies from the literature review were found that met the inclusion criteria. Of the 17 studies, 11 reported statistically significant improvements in empathy scores versus six studies that did not. Several variables may affect empathy education that need to be accounted in future studies such as; gender, cultural values and clinical speciality experience. Models of education that show most promise are those that use experiential styles of learning. The studies reviewed demonstrated that it is possible to increase nurses' empathic ability. CONCLUSION : CONCLUSION The administration of nursing educational institutions greatly falls on the shoulders of nurses. The nurses who are highly qualified are able to bear the challenge of the administration and management. The proper guidelines needed for the administration of the nursing institutions are given by the Indian Nursing Council. The effective administration of the schools and colleges produces the highly skilled nurses and well appreciated results. STUDENT ASSIGNMENT : STUDENT ASSIGNMENT Group I: As an administrative head of a college of nursing, prepare a job advertisement for job vacancies in your institute. Group II: As an administrative head of a college of nursing prepare the various physical facilities required for B.Sc. nursing programme with an intake of 40 students. REFERNCES : REFERNCES Basavanthappa B.T. Nursing Administration. 2nd edition. Jaypee brothers. Delhi . 2009. Indian Nursing Council. Guidelines to start nursing programmes. Retrieved on 25 June, 2010 from http://www.indiannursingcouncil.org/ Pubmed. Administration of nursing educational institutions. Retrieved on 26 June, 2010 from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/pubmed You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
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See all Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 2: ADMINISTRATION OF NURSING EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS INTRODUCTION : INTRODUCTION Nurses have never been more critical to success of health care system than they are now. The education and practice of nursing is based on a range of scientific principles from both the physical and behavioural sciences. Diversity is the main characteristics of nursing education today. A variety of nursing education programmes exist today. The proper administration of these programmes and educational institutions is important. several studies done on the nursing education suggested the following:- : several studies done on the nursing education suggested the following:- The nursing education should be established within the system of higher education. The nurses should be highly educated. The student nurses should not be used as staff nurses in hospitals. All nurses should have certain qualification upon graduation. NURSING PROGRAMMES : NURSING PROGRAMMES At present there are various nursing education programmes existing. The various programmes are:- ANM - 18 month GNM – 3.6 years Post certificate B.Sc. Nursing – 2 years B.Sc. Nursing – 4 years M.sc Nursing - 2 years M.Phil - one year P.h. D – 3 – 5 years PURPOSES : PURPOSES The main purpose of any nursing programme is to provide an educational programme through which the nurses will be prepared to assume responsibility in the primary, secondary and tertiary care of people as professional nurses. It is also expected that the graduates and postgraduates are capable of teaching, supervising and involve in research, and administration duties of nursing education and services. OBJECTIVES : OBJECTIVES UPON THE COMPLETION OF A COLLEGE NURSING PROGRAMME, THE NURSES ARE EXPECTED TO DE: Assess health status, identify nursing needs, plan, implement and evaluate nursing care for patients (individual, family or community) Demonstrate competencies in the skills and techniques of nursing based on concepts and principles selected from physical, biological and behavioural sciences. Slide 8: Participate as members of health team in the promotive, preventive and restorative health care delivery system of the country. Demonstrate leadership qualities and decision making abilities in various situations. Recognize the need for continued learning for their personal and professional development. Demonstrate skills in teaching, management, interpersonal relations and communications. Practice ethical values in their personal and professional life. NURSING COLLEGE ADMINISTRATION : NURSING COLLEGE ADMINISTRATION The various aspects in the administration of nursing educational institutions are:- Formulation of the philosophy of the college of nursing. Formulation of the board of management. Permission from the state nursing council Permission from the state government Permission from the Indian Nursing Council Permission from the university Slide 10: Infrastructure and other facilities Selection, recruitment and appointment of faculty members Selection and recruitment of the students Budgeting Curriculum development and administration Periodic credentialing and accreditation Extracurricular and co-curricular activities Student government Maintenance of records and reports. GUIDELINES TO SET UP A NEW SCHOOL OR COLLEGE OF NURSING. : GUIDELINES TO SET UP A NEW SCHOOL OR COLLEGE OF NURSING. The following procedure is to be followed for opening a new school or college of nursing. Any organization who wants to open a college shall obtain no objection certificate from the state government. The Indian Nursing Council, on receipt of no objection certificate from the organization, will undertake first inspection to assess the suitability start the programme. Slide 12: On the assessment of Indian Nursing Council, if the institution is found suitable to start the programme, Indian Nursing Council, shall write to the State Nursing Council/ Board for inspiration. On the receipt of inspection report from the State Nursing Council/ Board, Indian Nursing Council shall decide whether to give permission to admit students or not. The Indian Nursing Council will conduct inspection every year till the first batch is passed out and recognition will be given year by year. Slide 13: First Inspection First Inspection is conducted on receipt of the proposal received from the institute to start any nursing program prescribed by Indian Nursing Council. The proposal should have the following requisite documents: 1. Application form The requisite annexure for School of Nursing: Permission letter by State Government/Essentiality certificate of the respective State Government, duly attested by notary. Duly attested Registration Certificate of Society or Trust Deed A bank draft for Rs. 25,000/- towards first inspection fee for School of Nursing in favour of Secretary, Indian Nursing Council, New Delhi (ANM, GNM, Post Basic Diploma Course). Slide 14: Re Inspection Re-inspections are conducted for those institutions, which are found unsuitable by Indian Nursing Council. Once the institution takes necessary steps to rectify the deficiencies, institution should submit the compliance report with documentary proof of the deficiencies pointed out and re-inspection fees. The fees for re-inspection are Rs. 6000 for GNM and ANM courses and Rs. 7000 for B.Sc. Nursing, M.Sc. Nursing and PC.B.Sc. Nursing. On receipt of the Compliance report & fees from the institution it will be considered for re-inspection. Slide 15: Proposal for starting School of Nursing, which includes in detail teaching, clinical & physical facility including budget. The requisite annexure for College of Nursing: Permission letter by State Government/Essentiality certificate of the respective State Government. Consent letter from the University. Duly attested Registration Certificate of Society or Trust Deed A bank draft for Rs. 50,000/- towards first inspection fee for College of Nursing in favour of Secretary, Indian Nursing Council, New Delhi {P.B.B.Sc.(N), B.Sc.(N), M.Sc.(N), M. Phil(N), Ph.D(N)} Proposal for starting College of Nursing, which includes in detail teaching, clinical & physical facility including budget. Slide 16: Periodic Inspection Indian Nursing Council conducts periodical (after 3 years) inspection of the institution once the institution is found suitable by Indian Nursing Council to monitor the standard of nursing education and the adherence of the norms prescribed by INC. Institution are required to pay annual affiliation fees every year ie. Rs. 5000 for GNM and ANM programmes and Rs. 7500 for the university level programmes. However, if the institution does not comply to the norms prescribed by Indian Nursing Council for teaching, clinical & physical facilities, the institution will be declared unsuitable. Slide 17: Enhancement of seats Indian Nursing Council will conduct inspection after one year from the last inspection conducted subject to the condition that the students are admitted. Proposal of enhancement of seats will be considered only from those institutions who are found suitable by Indian Nursing Council. Indian Nursing Council will conduct inspection on above guidelines and on receipt of the fees (Rs. 6000 for GNM and ANM programmes and Rs. 7000 for the university level programmes.) and the proposal for Enhancement of seats. THE PHILOSOPHY : THE PHILOSOPHY Philosophy is search for truth and wisdom and the science of all sciences. According to Henderson “philosophy is a search for a comprehensive view of nature, an attempt at a universal explanation of nature of things.” Philosophy is one of the most essential components in the structural hierarchy of nursing curriculum. The philosophy of a nursing institution defines the value statements about both the practice and teaching of nursing. It describes what the nursing faculty believes about the education of nursing. It needs to be stated in clear, concise terms and to be directly related to the curriculum. The philosophy of nursing education determines the aims, content, method of teaching and evaluation. Formulation of the statement. : Formulation of the statement. In a nursing educational institution, one of the first things to be done by the staff is to formulate a statement of philosophy. This is a written statement of the believes and values which the college staff has agreed upon as a group, in relation to the basic nursing education programme being offered. To formulate a statement of philosophy, the staff should hold discussions, identify the areas in which they wish to make a definite statement of their beliefs, and come to unanimous decisions as to what is desirable and feasible in the interest of the student, the institution, the public and the profession. The philosophy will be foundation on which the objectives of the programme will be determined. It should be made known to the medical and nursing staff of the hospital as well as the college staff, all new staff on appointment and students. Slide 20: The statement may be written in narrative form or may be listed with appropriate introductory words such as: “The teaching staff of the college of nursing: Believe that……………. Recognize that………… Accept that…………….. SAMPLE STATEMENT : SAMPLE STATEMENT We believe that the practice of nursing requires a good understanding of basic scientific principles. Actions The curriculum should provide for instruction in the physical, biological and social sciences. Teaching should emphasize on principles rather than procedures. Examinations and other forms of evaluation should be based on the understanding of the principles. Slide 22: We recognize that nursing is a profession which is influenced by advances in science and technology. Actions There should be periodic evaluation of the total curriculum and continuous evaluation of its different parts. The library should be for the use of staff as well as students should have all the latest books and journals relating to advances in science and technology. CONTROLLING BODIES. : CONTROLLING BODIES. Administrative control: a college of nursing may be conducted under the auspices of the following: Government (state or central) University Private organizations – voluntary and religious. Academic control: University through: Board of studies in nursing Faculty of nursing/medicine/science Academic council/senate Indian Nursing Council/ State Nursing Council Slide 24: Provide post of principal and teaching staff. Formulate rules for appointment Provide posts of ancillary staff: clerical, librarian, warden, housekeeper and class IV employees. Approve admission rules and regulations. Approve the type of fee to be charged for tuition, library, laboratory, hostel, mess etc. Provide adequate clinical facilities. GOVERNING BODIES : GOVERNING BODIES Governing body may be management, university, or private organization. Its responsibility is primarily policy formulation, policies regarding management, faculty, students and educational programme. Responsibilities of the governing bodies:- Obtain clearance from legislative assembly. Make budgetary appropriation. Provide facilities – building, equipment, library etc. Responsibilities of the university: : Responsibilities of the university: Prescribe qualification for principal and teaching staff. Approve their appointments Formulate syllabus, promotion and regulations for admission, examination, promotion and graduation of the students. BOARD OF MANAGEMENT (advisory committee) : BOARD OF MANAGEMENT (advisory committee) Organization There are many activities associated with the organization of a school of nursing and the most efficient, effective and democratic way of co-ordinating them and at the same time systematic attention should be ensured to all aspects of the work by means of committees. These committees can be set up at two levels: an advisory committee at the level of the controlling authority and standing committees from among the college staff. Members : Members The membership of the advisory committee should include: Principal Vice principal Chief nursing officer/ nursing superintendent Medical superintendent Representative of the controlling authority Representative of full time teaching staff of college A representative from the affiliated nearby nursing institution Warden/ assistant warden from the students hostel A general educationalist from the community. Function : Function The functions of the advisory committee are:- To study the needs of the college – social and educational – and advice the college as to the ends of the society in relation to nursing service. To advice on policies and support the college staff in implementing these. To support the philosophy of the college and and advice college authorities on it implementation. To concern self with the welfare of the staff and the students To assist in interpreting the educational purposes of the college to the public. To advice on monitoring and evaluation of the programme. ADMINISTRATIVE HEAD OF THE COLLEGE : ADMINISTRATIVE HEAD OF THE COLLEGE The main elements which have to be organized in the college of nursing are the curriculum, the staff, the students, the physical facilities and the clinical field. The responsibility for this organization rests with the administrative head of the school. The principal should be the administrative head of the school. She should hold professional qualifications as laid by the INC. she should be the controlling authority for the budget of the college, should also drawing and disbursing officer. The principal and vice principal should be gazetted officers in Government colleges.. Slide 31: Nursing service personnel – chief nursing officer, nursing superintendents, ward sisters and staff nurses should actively participate in teaching, supervision, guidance and evaluation of students in the clinical and field practice area. Qualification Functions STAFF OF THE COLLEGE. : STAFF OF THE COLLEGE. All the staff of the college of nursing come under the administrative control of the head of the college, the principal. DEPARTMENTAL ORGANIZATION : DEPARTMENTAL ORGANIZATION There shall be minimum departments in the college according to the instructional areas. Fundamentals of nursing Medical surgical nursing Community health nursing Maternal and child health nursing Psychiatric nursing Each department is headed by a professor/associate professor/ lecturer. The departmental head is responsible for the functioning of the department. COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION : COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION College council General staff committee Curriculum committee/ coordination committee Committee on student welfare: hostel living, recreation, health, mess committee, student counselling, discipline committee. Anti-ragging committee. Clinical facilities : Clinical facilities College of nursing should have a 120-150 bedded Parent/Affiliated Hospital for 40 annual intake in each programme: Distribution of beds in different areas Medical - 30 Surgical - 30 Obst. & Gynecology - 30 Pediatrics – 20 Ortho – 10 Bed Occupancy of the Hospital should be minimum 75%. The size of the Hospital/Nursing Home for affiliation should not be less than 50 beds. PHYSICAL FACILITIES : PHYSICAL FACILITIES Architectural plan of college building hostel Equipment needed Furniture: hostel, labs, library, classroom, offices and seminar hall. Other Specialties/Facilities for clinical experience required are as follows: : Major OT Minor OT Dental Eye/ENT Burns and Plastic Neonatology with Nursery Communicable disease Community Health Nursing Cardiology Oncology Neurology/Neuro-surgery Nephrology etc. ICU/ICCU Other Specialties/Facilities for clinical experience required are as follows: Slide 38: If the institution is having both GNM and B.Sc(N) programme, it would require 240 bedded parent/affiliated hospital for 40 annual intake in each programme to maintain 1:3 student patient ratio. Proportionately the size of the built-up area will increase according to the number of students admitted. College of nursing can share laboratories, if they are in same campus under same name and under same trust, that is the institution is one but offering different nursing programmes. However they should have equipment and articles proportionate to the strength of admission. And the class rooms should be available as per the requirement stipulated by Indian Nursing Council of each programme Slide 39: Affiliation of psychiatric hospital should be of minimum 30-50 beds. The Nursing Staffing norms in the affiliated Hospital should be as per the INC norms. The affiliated Hospital should give student status to the candidates of the nursing programme. Affiliated hospitals should be in the radius of 15-30 kms. 1:3 student patient ratio to be maintained. UPGRADATION FROM SCHOOL TO COLLEGE : UPGRADATION FROM SCHOOL TO COLLEGE Any “School of Nursing" can upgrade to "College of Nursing" provided one batch of students have passed out after found suitable by INC. Further on up-gradation institution has to stop GNM Programs. Documents to be submitted to INC for Upgradation: Decision of the management committee to upgrade school of nursing to college of nursing. Consent letter of the university to which the college needs affiliation. Research evidences : Research evidences Implementing community-based education in basic nursing education programs in South Africa. Mtshali NG School of Nursing, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. mtshalin3@ukzn.ac.zn Abstract Education of health professionals using principles of community-based education is the recommended national policy in South Africa. A paradigm shift to community-based education is reported in a number of nursing education institutions in South Africa. Reviewed literature however revealed that in some educational institutions planning, implementation and evaluation of Community-based Educational (CBE) programmes tended to be haphazard, uncoordinated and ineffective, resulting in poor student motivation. Therefore the purpose of this study was to analyse the implementation of community-based education in basic nursing education programmes in South Africa. Strauss and Corbin's (1990) grounded theory approach guided the research process. Data were collected by means of observation, interviews and document analysis. The findings revealed that collaborative decision-making involving all stakeholders was crucial especially during the curriculum planning phase. Furthermore, special criteria should be used when selecting community learning sites to ensure that the selected sites are able to facilitate the development of required graduate competencies. Collaborative effort, true partnership between academic institutions and communities, as well as government support and involvement emerged as necessary conditions for the successful implementation of community-based education programmes. Slide 44: A review of empathy education in nursing. Brunero S, Lamont S, Coates M. Abstract The ability for nurse educators to improve the empathy skill set of nurses has been the subject of several studies with varied outcomes. The aim of this paper is to review the evidence for empathy education programmes in nursing and make recommendations for future nurse education. A review of CINAHL, Medline, Psych Info and Google Scholar was undertaken using the keywords empathy, person centredness, patient centredness, client centredness, education and nursing. The studies included were required to have measured the effectiveness of empathy training in postgraduate and or undergraduate nurses. The included studies incorporated both qualitative and quantitative methods and were published in peer-reviewed journals. Studies were ranked for level of evidence according to The Joanna Briggs Institute criteria. Seventeen studies from the literature review were found that met the inclusion criteria. Of the 17 studies, 11 reported statistically significant improvements in empathy scores versus six studies that did not. Several variables may affect empathy education that need to be accounted in future studies such as; gender, cultural values and clinical speciality experience. Models of education that show most promise are those that use experiential styles of learning. The studies reviewed demonstrated that it is possible to increase nurses' empathic ability. CONCLUSION : CONCLUSION The administration of nursing educational institutions greatly falls on the shoulders of nurses. The nurses who are highly qualified are able to bear the challenge of the administration and management. The proper guidelines needed for the administration of the nursing institutions are given by the Indian Nursing Council. The effective administration of the schools and colleges produces the highly skilled nurses and well appreciated results. STUDENT ASSIGNMENT : STUDENT ASSIGNMENT Group I: As an administrative head of a college of nursing, prepare a job advertisement for job vacancies in your institute. Group II: As an administrative head of a college of nursing prepare the various physical facilities required for B.Sc. nursing programme with an intake of 40 students. REFERNCES : REFERNCES Basavanthappa B.T. Nursing Administration. 2nd edition. Jaypee brothers. Delhi . 2009. Indian Nursing Council. Guidelines to start nursing programmes. Retrieved on 25 June, 2010 from http://www.indiannursingcouncil.org/ Pubmed. Administration of nursing educational institutions. Retrieved on 26 June, 2010 from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/pubmed