logging in or signing up school disaster management spk123spk123 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 3636 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (9) Dislike it (0) Added: September 03, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 1 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: aratio555 (1 month(s) ago) pls send me this ppt ,,its very informative,,,,waiting 4 ur reply.................. Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: rajeebsaxena (1 month(s) ago) Can I get the ppt in my e-mail id rajeebsaxena413@gmail.com please. Thanks. Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: poornypurushoth (9 month(s) ago) could u pls..send this presentation to my id...poornypurushoth@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: sumitrout (11 month(s) ago) plz send it ASAP Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: sumitrout (11 month(s) ago) hiisujith..... plz send me this wonderful ppt at sumitrout100@gmail.com for my class 10 project!!!!!!!!plz!!!!!! Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close loading.... See all Premium member Presentation Transcript SCHOLL DISASTER MANAGEMENT : SCHOLL DISASTER MANAGEMENT INTRODUCTION : INTRODUCTION A disaster is a perceived tragedy, being either a natural calamity or man-made catastrophe. Tens of thousands of deaths in schools since the year 2000, in only 9 MAJOR disasters in , El Salvador, Venezuela, Italy, Turkey, Cambodia, USA, Pakistan, China More than 28,000 children and teachers lost their lives in unsafe school buildings. At least India4,500 schools were completely destroyed and more than 37,000 were heavily damaged. Annually, flooding alone displaces more than half-a million children from school for extended periods of time. IS YOUR SCHOOL SAFE? : IS YOUR SCHOOL SAFE? According to the Government of Gujarat, a total of 31 teachers died and 95 were injured, 971 students perished and 1,051 were injured in the Bhuj Earthquake of 2001. Formal education was disrupted due to widespread damage to physical infrastructure. Many of the buildings collapsed and many were declared unfit for use. Many of these buildings had been poorly constructed, lacked earthquake resistant features and were badly maintained. IMPACTS : IMPACTS Physical Impacts Educational Impacts Economic Impacts Psycho-social Impacts Slide 6: Aim and Objective: The aim of emergency planning is to ensure that the safety of the students and the staff is maintained during an emergency. Goals of School Disaster Prevention To save lives and prevent injuries. To prevent interruption of education due to recurring hazards Objectives : Objectives Create Safe Learning Environments Maintain Safe Learning Environments Learn and Teach Disaster Prevention in the Curriculum Learn and Teach Disaster Prevention Informally Protect Access to Education Create Safe Learning Environments Structural Safety Select safe school sites and design and build every new school a safe school. Prioritize replacement and retrofit of unsafe schools. Minimize non-structural risks from all sources. Use school construction process as teaching/learning opportunity Public-private partnership Every new school a safe school Planning Principles: : Planning Principles: Simplicity Flexibility Comprehensive Decision Making Process Consultation Dissemination Review Co-ordination Policy Consistency Scope of Responsibilities Co-operation Slide 10: STEPS IN SCHOOL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANNING STEP – 1: Sensitisation meeting for awareness amongst Teachers/ School Management : STEP – 1: Sensitisation meeting for awareness amongst Teachers/ School Management organise a sensitisation meeting with the school authority - Principal - Vice principal - Administrative staff - All Teachers - Head boy/girl - Student Leaders (Head boy and girl, prefects, presidents of clubs, house captains, etc.) STEP – 2: Formation of the School Disaster Management Committee & Groups : STEP – 2: Formation of the School Disaster Management Committee & Groups Three groups namely: Co-ordination group, Disaster Awareness group, and Disaster Response group need to be constituted, and their roles and responsibilities defined. School Disaster Management Committee (SDMC) / Co-ordination group : Disaster Management Committee (SDMC) / Co-ordination group Members - Chairperson: Principal - Vice Principal, Heads of primary and middle sections - Education Officer / Deputy Education Officer for the zone - Parent Teacher Association President - 1-2 Parents (at least one lady) - 4 Students (Disaster Awareness Group Student Leader, Disaster Response Group Student Leader, Head Boy and Head Girl) - Representative of Relief/ Revenue/ Disaster Management Department/ District Administration/ Municipal Corporation Contd…… : Contd…… - Representative of the Fire Services (from Closest Fire Station) - Representative of Police (from Closest Police Station) - Representative of Health Department - A Warden from Civil Defence - Representative from Red Cross - Administrative/Logistics Officer / Estate Manager from School Office - Resident Welfare Association representatives from the local community - Locally working NGO representative - Market Trader Association representatives from local community - Local Doctor(s) - Others (NCC, NSS, Scouts and Guides, Nehru etc.) Roles and Responsibilities of SDMC : Roles and Responsibilities of SDMC The members of the School DMC shall have an understanding of the policy and planning principles. Help the school in preparation of the school disaster management plan. Evaluation of the school Disaster Management plan Carrying out the mock drill twice a year Updating of the plans at regular intervals to ensure that the plan is workable. Slide 17: Look into the structural safety requirements of the school for various hazards. Get the school building assessed for the hazards identified and prompt remedial measures taken, as required. Earmark fund arrangements for carrying out preparedness and mitigation measures in the school through school funds, corporate sectors, civil societies and establishing linkages with various departments and organisations working in the field of disaster management. During a disaster the SDMC shall coordinate the groups and teams. Media management to be carried out by the SDMC Mobilising relief and any external support in case necessary for those who have taken shelter in the school (children and if outsiders) STEP - : 3 - Hazard identification and safety assessment : STEP - : 3 - Hazard identification and safety assessment a) Identification of Potential Structural Hazards existing in the area Structural safety of the building needs to be assessed with regards to its safety from hazards like earthquakes, cyclones, floods and fire. For this the school authorities need to contact their architect or the nearest local disaster management authority / district administration, which can guide them in getting their building assessed. Slide 19: b) Identification of Potential non-structural hazards existing in the area: The plan shall identify the potential hazards that frequently occur in that area. Identify potential hazards to which the school might be exposed. A hazard assessment shall be conducted by taking into account the history of disasters that have occurred in that area for the last 20 - 25 years. Based on the hazard assessment, the members of the SDMC will prepare the School Disaster Management Plan. A hazard assessment could also be carried out by the children under the guidance of their teachers. Walk the class through the designated evacuation route(s) to the appointed reception area(s) outdoors. c) Points to remember while co-ordinating a survey : c) Points to remember while co-ordinating a survey - Different classes take up responsibility to do the survey of the building, grounds, and rooms - A coordination committee consisting of teachers and head boy, girl, sports prefects etc collect and collate the information. - The areas which would cause problems in an earthquake, flood, cyclone, fire are identified and put up in a public place. - Report of the work done rewarded on an occasion. d) Inventory of resources available in the school : d) Inventory of resources available in the school All the resources available in the school need to be listed out like: - List of skilled human resources (teachers and students having knowledge on first aid, rescue and Evacuation) - List of material resources available in the school such as a stretcher, fire extinguishers, ladders, thick ropes, torch, and communication system, and first aid box, open space in the school premises. - Inventory of nearest available critical resources - Resources present within the locality to be assessed and recorded for easy referencing along with the details - name, address and telephone number. STEP – 4: Preparation of the School Disaster Management Plan document : STEP – 4: Preparation of the School Disaster Management Plan document 1. The physical location and demographic details of the school building and its surrounding environs. The map shall indicate the following components: Number of class rooms in the school. The staff room in the school The laboratories in the schools (physics, chemistry, biology, home science etc) The play grounds or open space within the school premises Cntd…… : Cntd…… 2. Map showing nearest available critical resources: This can be shown in the form of a “chapatti” diagram chart showing the direction and the distance to the nearest available resources like the fire service station, hospital/ Primary Health Centre/ Dispensary/ private clinic/ medical college/ medical shop, Red cross, St. Johns Ambulance, office of the district collector, police station, NCC and NYKS offices etc. Slide 24: 3. Vulnerability mapping and coping mechanisms showing the vulnerable location of the school building Number of children in each class (male, female, physically challenged, sick and ailing). to be demarcated on the map of each class room. The vulnerable classrooms in the school Taps (for drinking water) located in the vulnerable pockets within the school premises Main switch board and the Electrical wires which are vulnerable If the schools are on slopes of the mountain then based on the soil condition the vulnerability is to be decided. Identifying the low-lying areas within the premises. Coping mechanisms for the hazards identified should be listed out SAFEHEAVEN ROUTE PLAN : SAFEHEAVEN ROUTE PLAN Safe places and evacuation route chart of the school: Identify the safe places Safe places where the children and staff members can take shelter. Evacuation route: Use a detailed map of the school showing the all stairs, doors, and windows. The exits shall be clearly demarcated in the map in case of a fire / earthquake. Show the various exit routes by arrows on the map. Post the map at various points in the school mark the location on the map with “You are here” in bold and red. Also work on developing alternative exit routes in case the main exits are damaged / not accessible. BUILDING EVACUATION PLAN : BUILDING EVACUATION PLAN STEP – 5: Formation & Training of the Disaster Management Teams : STEP – 5: Formation & Training of the Disaster Management Teams DISASTER AWARENESS GROUP 1. Awareness Generation Team Members – Disaster management teacher – Art teacher – Crafts teacher – Drama teacher – Music teacher – 1-2 parents (preferably working in the print / electronic media/NGO/eminent personality) – Students active in the creative arts and public speaking Materials Required : Materials Required All the IEC material available with the district administration and other authorities in the form of posters, pamphlets, films, etc. on disaster management. Additional material will be developed by this team simple do's and don'ts, street plays, “nukkad nataks”, posters, cartoon strips, songs, etc. The team will require : The team will require Map of the school Evacuation Plan Information on number of students and classes Information on number of employees Contact information of nearest fire station, civil defence warden(s), nearest medical facility, local Red Cross/St. Johns brigade Contact information of the RWA representatives in the immediate neighbourhood. Roles and Responsibilities: : Roles and Responsibilities: Before the disaster Develop IEC materials posters, pamphlets, simple tips on do's and don'ts in different disasters, street plays and “nukkad nataks” Conduct awareness generation activities systematically in the whole school, targeting different classes and also staff and teachers. Conduct awareness generation activities in the neighbouring areas in coordination with the RWA representatives, the local police station, and any local NGOs. Organise innovative activities and exercises for students and teachers on Disaster Management to ensure continuing interest on the issue during normal time. Cntd…. : Cntd…. Organise demonstrations on fire safety, first aid, and search and rescue through linkages with the appropriate agencies. Assist in organisation of the Evacuation Drills for various hazards Work with the Warning & Information Dissemination Team in making students, faculty, and staff aware about the different warning levels and the colours and locations of flags / signs that will be used. Slide 32: During the disaster Duck, cover and hold at first sign of earthquake. Hold on to furniture legs if furniture moves. If outside, move away from buildings. In case of other hazards, assist the Evacuation Team in evacuation of the school building. For a chemical hazard, assist the Warning Team in disseminating the required safety tip to the entire school. Slide 33: After the disaster Disseminate information on do's and don'ts so that the situation doesn't worsen, in coordination with the Warning and Information Dissemination Team. 2. Warning and Information Dissemination Team : 2. Warning and Information Dissemination Team Members – Computer Teacher (or a teacher who is familiar with computers and surfing the internet) – Electronics teacher – Geography teacher – HAM club in-charge – 1-2 parents (preferably working in IMD, CWC, Office of the District Magistrate, Police, etc.) – 4-6 students (know how to operate a VHF set) – Members of the HAM club Materials required : Materials required Computer with Internet access and e-mail, telephone, fax machine, radio, television, mobile phone, VHF set / HAM instrument. Siren Flags of different colours Battery operated radio and batteries Contact information of the various local authorities district magistrate, police, fire services, health department, Red Cross, etc. Roles and responsibilities : Roles and responsibilities Before the disaster Monitoring and taking regular updates from TV/ Radio/Internet on the potential hazard that school can face. Inform the school authorities of any impending hazardous situation Maintain contact with district authorities and communicate any directions to the school authorities Post warning signs / flags of appropriate colour for different warning level at prominent and designated places in the school. Disseminate the information to all the classrooms and teachers Coordinate with the other teams and inform them about the latest weather / warning situation Slide 37: During disaster Duck, cover and hold at first sign of earthquake. If outside, move away from buildings Cross check the warning received from various sources Warning the school in case of an emergency by either ringing a bell/siren or on the public address system. Reporting to the school disaster management committee about the disaster in the school building Reporting to the government emergency response departments (Fire, SDM, Police etc.) In case of the school being used as a shelter, inform the shelter staff about the latest updates and weather reports. Slide 38: After disaster Continue monitoring the various information sources Keep reporting on the situation of the disaster to all concerned teams and coordinate with them Disseminate safety tips in coordination with the Awareness Generation Team Work with the Incident Management Team from the district administration in preparing updates and disseminating information DISASTER RESPONSE GROUP : DISASTER RESPONSE GROUP 1. Evacuation Team Members – All class teachers – Class monitors and Hall monitors – Prefects Materials Required : Materials Required A detailed map of the school with the different exits, stairs, doors, and windows clearly marked. School Evacuation Plan Information on number of students and classes Information on number of employees Master keys Siren Signs to post and writing materials Special equipment for mobility-impaired students Roles and responsibilities : Roles and responsibilities Before a disaster Check the exits Identify the open areas where the school can assemble after evacuation in an emergency Make sure there are no hazards present for evacuating to the designated area Make sure that necessary supplies are accessible Contd…. : Contd…. Assist the Planning Committee in developing options in the event evacuation is required during inclement weather Be prepared for special equipment needs for mobility-impaired students Any special response procedure for special needs students must be tested during drills Conduct regular drills in coordination with the other teams and practise the different evacuation procedures used in different hazards Slide 43: During disaster Duck, cover and hold at first sign of earthquake. Hold on to furniture leas if furniture moves. If outside, move away from buildings Evacuate in an orderly fashion as practised in the drills After disaster Ensure that emergency assembly area is accessible and safe Determine if any additional assistance is required for evacuation. Take roll call and report group status to Administrator (Emergency Operations Centre). 2. Search and Rescue Team : 2. Search and Rescue Team Members – Sports teachers – NCC, NSS, Scouts and Guides instructors – Civil Defence Trainer – Fire Service representative – 1-2 parents (preferably from the Armed / Paramilitary forces / Police / Fire Services / Civil Defence) –Students Materials Required : Materials Required A detailed map of the school with the different exits, stairs, doors, and windows clearly marked. Information on number of students and classes Information on number of employees Torches with spare batteries Master keys Hard hats Stretchers, ropes and ladders Roles and responsibilities: : Roles and responsibilities: Before a disaster Make sure needed supplies are on site Make sure team members stay current with their training Any special response technique for special needs students must be tested during drills During disaster Duck, cover and hold at first sign of earthquake. If outside, move away from buildings Start rescue and search operations in case of another disaster Slide 47: After disaster According to pre-established pattern, check (visually, vocally, physically) every room in the building. Report location of injured to First Aid Team. Report location of other problems to SDMC. Look for obvious structural problems/significant structural damage as sweep is made through the building(s) Report any damage to the Administrator (EOC). 3. First Aid Team : 3. First Aid Team Members School Doctor School Nurse Red Cross volunteers Civil Defence Volunteers 1-2 parents (preferably from the Medical / Paramedical profession) Students interested in health issues Materials Required : Materials Required A medical kit for the entire school Classroom first aid kits Health Cards containing information on Special medicines being regularly taken by any student(s) / employees Emergency Cards containing information on medical resources in the area Roles and responsibilities: : Roles and responsibilities: Before a disaster Make sure that first aid supplies are up to date and always complete Keep emergency cards and health cards up-to-date Ensure training for all new members and refresher training for existing members (every year) Be aware of special medical requirements of students / employees and ensure that some stock medication (maybe 1-2 days medicines) are kept in the school and regularly updated Participate in regular drills Slide 51: During disaster Duck, cover and hold first sign of earthquake. Hold on to furniture legs if furniture moves. If outside, move away from buildings. After disaster Administer first aid and record all cases and treatments. Determine need for further medical assistance. Coordinate requests for assistance through the Administrator. Assign First Aid Team members to accompany Search and Rescue Teams during their search operations. 4. Fire Safety Team : 4. Fire Safety Team Members – Teachers (2) – 1-2 parents (preferably from fire services / civil defence) – Students (10) (Teams comprising 1 teacher and 5 students each may be formed) Materials Required : Materials Required Fire extinguishers Hard hats, Gloves Map of school showing location of all exits, doors and windows, the electric main switches and the fire extinguishers Roles and responsibilities: : Roles and responsibilities: Before a disaster Make sure fire-fighting equipment (extinguishers, etc.) is in working order Ensure that all non-structural earthquake hazards that can be cause of fire are properly secured Coordinate with the SDMC in ensuring that a fire safety assessment of the school premises is conducted Slide 55: During disaster Duck, cover and hold at first sign of earthquake. Hold on to furniture legs if furniture moves. If outside, move away from buildings. After disaster Check for and confirm existence of fire. Report location to Administrator (EOC) and Site Security team Control fire, if possible (ensure personal safety) Look for conditions that may cause a fire to develop and seek maintenance staff assistance in removal of condition. In case of electrical fire, turn off the electric main switches 5. Site Security Team : 5. Site Security Team Members School Estate Manager School Security Staff Local Police Station representative 1-2 parents Teacher (1) Students (5) Slide 57: Materials Required Map of facility / school Evacuation Plan Master keys Signs to post and writing implements Identification badge or armband Roles and responsibilities: : Roles and responsibilities: Before a disaster Work with the Planning Committee, the School Administrator and the District authorities to establish a release policy and communicate this policy to parents and staff. Develop procedures for how release will be handled. During disaster Duck, cover and hold at first sign of earthquake. Hold on to furniture legs if furniture moves. If outside, move away from buildings. After disaster : After disaster Lock all external gates and doors, and secure buildings. Station one team member at main gate/front door to deal with community/parents. Keep the Administrator (EOC) informed of activities. Release students according to pre-arranged policy. 6.Bus Safety Team (for each bus) : 6.Bus Safety Team (for each bus) Members Teachers going in the respective buses Student getting down on the last stop One senior most student Materials Required: Emergency Cards containing contact information of the local authorities district magistrate, police, fire services, health department, Red Cross, etc. Roles and responsibilities: : Roles and responsibilities: Before a disaster Know school policy for procedures in the event a damaging earthquake occurs while buses with students are enrooted to or from school. Assist SDMC in providing 2-way radio communications capability between buses and school Administrators. Carry emergency cards with information on contact numbers for the school EOC, and important district contact numbers . Take First Aid Training. Develop plans to assist special needs students. Slide 62: During disaster Pull over to side of road if possible in the open. (Not under an overpass or bridge or along side buildings or trees.) Instruct the passengers to crouch down between seats and in isle until shaking has stopped. Ensure special needs students are assisted. Slide 63: After disaster Assist any injured students providing First Aid as needed. Establish communications with School EOC Implement school policy for earthquake occurrence while students are enrooted to or from school. If condition of bus and transportation routes, allow movement of bus proceed cautiously. If crossing a bridge is necessary; stop bus, get out and physically inspect bridge if damage is apparent to make judgment that bridge is safe for bus passage STEP – 6: Dissemination of the plan to everybody in the school : STEP – 6: Dissemination of the plan to everybody in the school It is important that after plan preparation the plan is disseminated to its participants and school children through innovative and interesting activities like: Art Work, Creative, Poetry writing, Slogan writing, Drama, Games and Sports, Rescue drill, Evacuation drills, simple quickness of Reflexes games, Memory games, and observation games etc. STEP – 7: Conduct regular mock drills : STEP – 7: Conduct regular mock drills Drills and exercises are an extremely important part of your preparedness plan because they: 1) Teach students, staff and parents how to respond to the complications of an actual disaster, and 2) Help you evaluate how well all parts of your emergency plan work together, and how well your staff and students have been trained. i. Safety Considerations : i. Safety Considerations Explain to the class that if there is a strong earthquake, each student's first responsibility is for his or her own personal safety. Every student should learn, however, how to help someone else who is injured. Present some "what if" questions to provoke discussion. - What if the teacher is injured? - What if a student if cut by shattered glass and is bleeding? - What if someone is hit by a falling light fixture or heavy object and knocked out? - What if a student is very upset by the earthquake? ii Emotional Considerations : ii Emotional Considerations Lead a discussion with the students about the reactions they may have to a disaster. Have the students talk about what they can do after disaster to help themselves and their classmates feel less scared and worried. Everyone should be prepared to wait patiently. Students may be very concerned about their parents or siblings; they may in fact be "worried sick". Have students discuss what they can do to help each other pass the time and not worry so much. iii Drill : iii Drill Earthquake Practice drop, cover, and hold Evacuate classroom in less than 1 minute without pushing or falling. Evacuate school in less than 4 minutes using different exits. Look out for friends. Stay away from weak areas. Help those who need assistance. Escort young children or elders. Fire/ Chemical Accident / Drill : Fire/ Chemical Accident / Drill The need to prepare for sudden accidents needs awareness and sufficient knowledge. To know Why and how to handle an accident is important Information. Write what to do clearly in the Laboratories and Kitchen area in the school Practice mock drills every month Quiz the children every week on what they would do if i. The chemical in the test tube caught fire ii. The gas was leaking and someone lit a match. iii. The acid splashed on the floor. iv. Glass broke v. Someone drank nitric acid by mistake Cyclone Drill : Cyclone Drill Listen to cyclone warning and recognise changes in weather Make announcements in each class about the care they need to take and where to go Provide food, water, sheets, beds, in the place where the different people will assemble. Explain how to remain safe outdoors. Shift money and other valuables. Put off electricity. Remove or close down gas connections STEP – 8: Evaluation and Updating of the Plan to improve effectiveness : STEP – 8: Evaluation and Updating of the Plan to improve effectiveness The school plan needs to periodically evaluated and updated. The suggested period for plan updating is quarterly. First mock drill when conducted in any organisation will have many loop holes. This drill need to be evaluated and made more efficient. Supporting Curriculum Development : Supporting Curriculum Development • Master “Scope and Sequence” of disaster prevention in the formal curriculum: knowledge, skills, and competencies for K-12 • Infuse the curriculum, offer modules/units/chapters and whole courses • Develop and test materials and strategies • Share this through teacher pre-service and in-service training programs • Include all children, School and Community • Involve school communities in disaster prevention education and action. • Include parents, students, staff, NGOs, public sector agencies, after school programs, health facilities, scientists, senior citizens, local businesses, religious leaders and others COPING AFTER A DISASTER : COPING AFTER A DISASTER Psychological trauma after a disaster is very real. Reactions of children to disaster are affected by five factors: Their perception of the adult's reaction The direct exposure they've had to the destruction Child's developmental age Existence of problems prior to the event Prior experience in another disaster. Slide 74: Identifying at-risk students is one of the most important things the staff can do after a disaster. Signs to look for include: Withdrawn/quiet students Those acting overly responsible or parental Hyperactive children with little focus Children who are edgy, jumpy or quick to anger Vying for attention Out of control or with an attitude of non-caring. Slide 75: Classroom exercises that can help include discussions of the disaster, temporarily reducing academic performance expectations, encouraging involvement in school recovery Children should know the basics of various disasters, their regional aspects & disaster specific evacuation procedures. During such calamities proper evacuation plays a vital role in saving lives. Slide 76: CONCLUSION The School is a densely populated place and has small children that are one of the most vulnerable groups in the society. To reduce this vulnerability particularly for schools, it is important to have a school Disaster Management Plan. Schools also have many resources and are community nodes. Therefore, a School also has responsibility towards its immediate locality, just as the neighbouring community is linked to the school. REFERENCES : REFERENCES 1. Government of India, ministry of home affairs. National disaster management. Retrieved on 15 July, 2010 from http://www.ndmindia.nic.in/ 2. Central board of secondary education. Towards a safer India – education in disaster management. Retrieved on 15 July, 2010 from http://www.ndmindia.nic.in/WCDRDOCS/Towards%20A%20Safer%20India-CBSE.pdf You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
school disaster management spk123spk123 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 3636 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (9) Dislike it (0) Added: September 03, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 1 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: aratio555 (1 month(s) ago) pls send me this ppt ,,its very informative,,,,waiting 4 ur reply.................. Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: rajeebsaxena (1 month(s) ago) Can I get the ppt in my e-mail id rajeebsaxena413@gmail.com please. Thanks. Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: poornypurushoth (9 month(s) ago) could u pls..send this presentation to my id...poornypurushoth@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: sumitrout (11 month(s) ago) plz send it ASAP Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: sumitrout (11 month(s) ago) hiisujith..... plz send me this wonderful ppt at sumitrout100@gmail.com for my class 10 project!!!!!!!!plz!!!!!! Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close loading.... See all Premium member Presentation Transcript SCHOLL DISASTER MANAGEMENT : SCHOLL DISASTER MANAGEMENT INTRODUCTION : INTRODUCTION A disaster is a perceived tragedy, being either a natural calamity or man-made catastrophe. Tens of thousands of deaths in schools since the year 2000, in only 9 MAJOR disasters in , El Salvador, Venezuela, Italy, Turkey, Cambodia, USA, Pakistan, China More than 28,000 children and teachers lost their lives in unsafe school buildings. At least India4,500 schools were completely destroyed and more than 37,000 were heavily damaged. Annually, flooding alone displaces more than half-a million children from school for extended periods of time. IS YOUR SCHOOL SAFE? : IS YOUR SCHOOL SAFE? According to the Government of Gujarat, a total of 31 teachers died and 95 were injured, 971 students perished and 1,051 were injured in the Bhuj Earthquake of 2001. Formal education was disrupted due to widespread damage to physical infrastructure. Many of the buildings collapsed and many were declared unfit for use. Many of these buildings had been poorly constructed, lacked earthquake resistant features and were badly maintained. IMPACTS : IMPACTS Physical Impacts Educational Impacts Economic Impacts Psycho-social Impacts Slide 6: Aim and Objective: The aim of emergency planning is to ensure that the safety of the students and the staff is maintained during an emergency. Goals of School Disaster Prevention To save lives and prevent injuries. To prevent interruption of education due to recurring hazards Objectives : Objectives Create Safe Learning Environments Maintain Safe Learning Environments Learn and Teach Disaster Prevention in the Curriculum Learn and Teach Disaster Prevention Informally Protect Access to Education Create Safe Learning Environments Structural Safety Select safe school sites and design and build every new school a safe school. Prioritize replacement and retrofit of unsafe schools. Minimize non-structural risks from all sources. Use school construction process as teaching/learning opportunity Public-private partnership Every new school a safe school Planning Principles: : Planning Principles: Simplicity Flexibility Comprehensive Decision Making Process Consultation Dissemination Review Co-ordination Policy Consistency Scope of Responsibilities Co-operation Slide 10: STEPS IN SCHOOL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANNING STEP – 1: Sensitisation meeting for awareness amongst Teachers/ School Management : STEP – 1: Sensitisation meeting for awareness amongst Teachers/ School Management organise a sensitisation meeting with the school authority - Principal - Vice principal - Administrative staff - All Teachers - Head boy/girl - Student Leaders (Head boy and girl, prefects, presidents of clubs, house captains, etc.) STEP – 2: Formation of the School Disaster Management Committee & Groups : STEP – 2: Formation of the School Disaster Management Committee & Groups Three groups namely: Co-ordination group, Disaster Awareness group, and Disaster Response group need to be constituted, and their roles and responsibilities defined. School Disaster Management Committee (SDMC) / Co-ordination group : Disaster Management Committee (SDMC) / Co-ordination group Members - Chairperson: Principal - Vice Principal, Heads of primary and middle sections - Education Officer / Deputy Education Officer for the zone - Parent Teacher Association President - 1-2 Parents (at least one lady) - 4 Students (Disaster Awareness Group Student Leader, Disaster Response Group Student Leader, Head Boy and Head Girl) - Representative of Relief/ Revenue/ Disaster Management Department/ District Administration/ Municipal Corporation Contd…… : Contd…… - Representative of the Fire Services (from Closest Fire Station) - Representative of Police (from Closest Police Station) - Representative of Health Department - A Warden from Civil Defence - Representative from Red Cross - Administrative/Logistics Officer / Estate Manager from School Office - Resident Welfare Association representatives from the local community - Locally working NGO representative - Market Trader Association representatives from local community - Local Doctor(s) - Others (NCC, NSS, Scouts and Guides, Nehru etc.) Roles and Responsibilities of SDMC : Roles and Responsibilities of SDMC The members of the School DMC shall have an understanding of the policy and planning principles. Help the school in preparation of the school disaster management plan. Evaluation of the school Disaster Management plan Carrying out the mock drill twice a year Updating of the plans at regular intervals to ensure that the plan is workable. Slide 17: Look into the structural safety requirements of the school for various hazards. Get the school building assessed for the hazards identified and prompt remedial measures taken, as required. Earmark fund arrangements for carrying out preparedness and mitigation measures in the school through school funds, corporate sectors, civil societies and establishing linkages with various departments and organisations working in the field of disaster management. During a disaster the SDMC shall coordinate the groups and teams. Media management to be carried out by the SDMC Mobilising relief and any external support in case necessary for those who have taken shelter in the school (children and if outsiders) STEP - : 3 - Hazard identification and safety assessment : STEP - : 3 - Hazard identification and safety assessment a) Identification of Potential Structural Hazards existing in the area Structural safety of the building needs to be assessed with regards to its safety from hazards like earthquakes, cyclones, floods and fire. For this the school authorities need to contact their architect or the nearest local disaster management authority / district administration, which can guide them in getting their building assessed. Slide 19: b) Identification of Potential non-structural hazards existing in the area: The plan shall identify the potential hazards that frequently occur in that area. Identify potential hazards to which the school might be exposed. A hazard assessment shall be conducted by taking into account the history of disasters that have occurred in that area for the last 20 - 25 years. Based on the hazard assessment, the members of the SDMC will prepare the School Disaster Management Plan. A hazard assessment could also be carried out by the children under the guidance of their teachers. Walk the class through the designated evacuation route(s) to the appointed reception area(s) outdoors. c) Points to remember while co-ordinating a survey : c) Points to remember while co-ordinating a survey - Different classes take up responsibility to do the survey of the building, grounds, and rooms - A coordination committee consisting of teachers and head boy, girl, sports prefects etc collect and collate the information. - The areas which would cause problems in an earthquake, flood, cyclone, fire are identified and put up in a public place. - Report of the work done rewarded on an occasion. d) Inventory of resources available in the school : d) Inventory of resources available in the school All the resources available in the school need to be listed out like: - List of skilled human resources (teachers and students having knowledge on first aid, rescue and Evacuation) - List of material resources available in the school such as a stretcher, fire extinguishers, ladders, thick ropes, torch, and communication system, and first aid box, open space in the school premises. - Inventory of nearest available critical resources - Resources present within the locality to be assessed and recorded for easy referencing along with the details - name, address and telephone number. STEP – 4: Preparation of the School Disaster Management Plan document : STEP – 4: Preparation of the School Disaster Management Plan document 1. The physical location and demographic details of the school building and its surrounding environs. The map shall indicate the following components: Number of class rooms in the school. The staff room in the school The laboratories in the schools (physics, chemistry, biology, home science etc) The play grounds or open space within the school premises Cntd…… : Cntd…… 2. Map showing nearest available critical resources: This can be shown in the form of a “chapatti” diagram chart showing the direction and the distance to the nearest available resources like the fire service station, hospital/ Primary Health Centre/ Dispensary/ private clinic/ medical college/ medical shop, Red cross, St. Johns Ambulance, office of the district collector, police station, NCC and NYKS offices etc. Slide 24: 3. Vulnerability mapping and coping mechanisms showing the vulnerable location of the school building Number of children in each class (male, female, physically challenged, sick and ailing). to be demarcated on the map of each class room. The vulnerable classrooms in the school Taps (for drinking water) located in the vulnerable pockets within the school premises Main switch board and the Electrical wires which are vulnerable If the schools are on slopes of the mountain then based on the soil condition the vulnerability is to be decided. Identifying the low-lying areas within the premises. Coping mechanisms for the hazards identified should be listed out SAFEHEAVEN ROUTE PLAN : SAFEHEAVEN ROUTE PLAN Safe places and evacuation route chart of the school: Identify the safe places Safe places where the children and staff members can take shelter. Evacuation route: Use a detailed map of the school showing the all stairs, doors, and windows. The exits shall be clearly demarcated in the map in case of a fire / earthquake. Show the various exit routes by arrows on the map. Post the map at various points in the school mark the location on the map with “You are here” in bold and red. Also work on developing alternative exit routes in case the main exits are damaged / not accessible. BUILDING EVACUATION PLAN : BUILDING EVACUATION PLAN STEP – 5: Formation & Training of the Disaster Management Teams : STEP – 5: Formation & Training of the Disaster Management Teams DISASTER AWARENESS GROUP 1. Awareness Generation Team Members – Disaster management teacher – Art teacher – Crafts teacher – Drama teacher – Music teacher – 1-2 parents (preferably working in the print / electronic media/NGO/eminent personality) – Students active in the creative arts and public speaking Materials Required : Materials Required All the IEC material available with the district administration and other authorities in the form of posters, pamphlets, films, etc. on disaster management. Additional material will be developed by this team simple do's and don'ts, street plays, “nukkad nataks”, posters, cartoon strips, songs, etc. The team will require : The team will require Map of the school Evacuation Plan Information on number of students and classes Information on number of employees Contact information of nearest fire station, civil defence warden(s), nearest medical facility, local Red Cross/St. Johns brigade Contact information of the RWA representatives in the immediate neighbourhood. Roles and Responsibilities: : Roles and Responsibilities: Before the disaster Develop IEC materials posters, pamphlets, simple tips on do's and don'ts in different disasters, street plays and “nukkad nataks” Conduct awareness generation activities systematically in the whole school, targeting different classes and also staff and teachers. Conduct awareness generation activities in the neighbouring areas in coordination with the RWA representatives, the local police station, and any local NGOs. Organise innovative activities and exercises for students and teachers on Disaster Management to ensure continuing interest on the issue during normal time. Cntd…. : Cntd…. Organise demonstrations on fire safety, first aid, and search and rescue through linkages with the appropriate agencies. Assist in organisation of the Evacuation Drills for various hazards Work with the Warning & Information Dissemination Team in making students, faculty, and staff aware about the different warning levels and the colours and locations of flags / signs that will be used. Slide 32: During the disaster Duck, cover and hold at first sign of earthquake. Hold on to furniture legs if furniture moves. If outside, move away from buildings. In case of other hazards, assist the Evacuation Team in evacuation of the school building. For a chemical hazard, assist the Warning Team in disseminating the required safety tip to the entire school. Slide 33: After the disaster Disseminate information on do's and don'ts so that the situation doesn't worsen, in coordination with the Warning and Information Dissemination Team. 2. Warning and Information Dissemination Team : 2. Warning and Information Dissemination Team Members – Computer Teacher (or a teacher who is familiar with computers and surfing the internet) – Electronics teacher – Geography teacher – HAM club in-charge – 1-2 parents (preferably working in IMD, CWC, Office of the District Magistrate, Police, etc.) – 4-6 students (know how to operate a VHF set) – Members of the HAM club Materials required : Materials required Computer with Internet access and e-mail, telephone, fax machine, radio, television, mobile phone, VHF set / HAM instrument. Siren Flags of different colours Battery operated radio and batteries Contact information of the various local authorities district magistrate, police, fire services, health department, Red Cross, etc. Roles and responsibilities : Roles and responsibilities Before the disaster Monitoring and taking regular updates from TV/ Radio/Internet on the potential hazard that school can face. Inform the school authorities of any impending hazardous situation Maintain contact with district authorities and communicate any directions to the school authorities Post warning signs / flags of appropriate colour for different warning level at prominent and designated places in the school. Disseminate the information to all the classrooms and teachers Coordinate with the other teams and inform them about the latest weather / warning situation Slide 37: During disaster Duck, cover and hold at first sign of earthquake. If outside, move away from buildings Cross check the warning received from various sources Warning the school in case of an emergency by either ringing a bell/siren or on the public address system. Reporting to the school disaster management committee about the disaster in the school building Reporting to the government emergency response departments (Fire, SDM, Police etc.) In case of the school being used as a shelter, inform the shelter staff about the latest updates and weather reports. Slide 38: After disaster Continue monitoring the various information sources Keep reporting on the situation of the disaster to all concerned teams and coordinate with them Disseminate safety tips in coordination with the Awareness Generation Team Work with the Incident Management Team from the district administration in preparing updates and disseminating information DISASTER RESPONSE GROUP : DISASTER RESPONSE GROUP 1. Evacuation Team Members – All class teachers – Class monitors and Hall monitors – Prefects Materials Required : Materials Required A detailed map of the school with the different exits, stairs, doors, and windows clearly marked. School Evacuation Plan Information on number of students and classes Information on number of employees Master keys Siren Signs to post and writing materials Special equipment for mobility-impaired students Roles and responsibilities : Roles and responsibilities Before a disaster Check the exits Identify the open areas where the school can assemble after evacuation in an emergency Make sure there are no hazards present for evacuating to the designated area Make sure that necessary supplies are accessible Contd…. : Contd…. Assist the Planning Committee in developing options in the event evacuation is required during inclement weather Be prepared for special equipment needs for mobility-impaired students Any special response procedure for special needs students must be tested during drills Conduct regular drills in coordination with the other teams and practise the different evacuation procedures used in different hazards Slide 43: During disaster Duck, cover and hold at first sign of earthquake. Hold on to furniture leas if furniture moves. If outside, move away from buildings Evacuate in an orderly fashion as practised in the drills After disaster Ensure that emergency assembly area is accessible and safe Determine if any additional assistance is required for evacuation. Take roll call and report group status to Administrator (Emergency Operations Centre). 2. Search and Rescue Team : 2. Search and Rescue Team Members – Sports teachers – NCC, NSS, Scouts and Guides instructors – Civil Defence Trainer – Fire Service representative – 1-2 parents (preferably from the Armed / Paramilitary forces / Police / Fire Services / Civil Defence) –Students Materials Required : Materials Required A detailed map of the school with the different exits, stairs, doors, and windows clearly marked. Information on number of students and classes Information on number of employees Torches with spare batteries Master keys Hard hats Stretchers, ropes and ladders Roles and responsibilities: : Roles and responsibilities: Before a disaster Make sure needed supplies are on site Make sure team members stay current with their training Any special response technique for special needs students must be tested during drills During disaster Duck, cover and hold at first sign of earthquake. If outside, move away from buildings Start rescue and search operations in case of another disaster Slide 47: After disaster According to pre-established pattern, check (visually, vocally, physically) every room in the building. Report location of injured to First Aid Team. Report location of other problems to SDMC. Look for obvious structural problems/significant structural damage as sweep is made through the building(s) Report any damage to the Administrator (EOC). 3. First Aid Team : 3. First Aid Team Members School Doctor School Nurse Red Cross volunteers Civil Defence Volunteers 1-2 parents (preferably from the Medical / Paramedical profession) Students interested in health issues Materials Required : Materials Required A medical kit for the entire school Classroom first aid kits Health Cards containing information on Special medicines being regularly taken by any student(s) / employees Emergency Cards containing information on medical resources in the area Roles and responsibilities: : Roles and responsibilities: Before a disaster Make sure that first aid supplies are up to date and always complete Keep emergency cards and health cards up-to-date Ensure training for all new members and refresher training for existing members (every year) Be aware of special medical requirements of students / employees and ensure that some stock medication (maybe 1-2 days medicines) are kept in the school and regularly updated Participate in regular drills Slide 51: During disaster Duck, cover and hold first sign of earthquake. Hold on to furniture legs if furniture moves. If outside, move away from buildings. After disaster Administer first aid and record all cases and treatments. Determine need for further medical assistance. Coordinate requests for assistance through the Administrator. Assign First Aid Team members to accompany Search and Rescue Teams during their search operations. 4. Fire Safety Team : 4. Fire Safety Team Members – Teachers (2) – 1-2 parents (preferably from fire services / civil defence) – Students (10) (Teams comprising 1 teacher and 5 students each may be formed) Materials Required : Materials Required Fire extinguishers Hard hats, Gloves Map of school showing location of all exits, doors and windows, the electric main switches and the fire extinguishers Roles and responsibilities: : Roles and responsibilities: Before a disaster Make sure fire-fighting equipment (extinguishers, etc.) is in working order Ensure that all non-structural earthquake hazards that can be cause of fire are properly secured Coordinate with the SDMC in ensuring that a fire safety assessment of the school premises is conducted Slide 55: During disaster Duck, cover and hold at first sign of earthquake. Hold on to furniture legs if furniture moves. If outside, move away from buildings. After disaster Check for and confirm existence of fire. Report location to Administrator (EOC) and Site Security team Control fire, if possible (ensure personal safety) Look for conditions that may cause a fire to develop and seek maintenance staff assistance in removal of condition. In case of electrical fire, turn off the electric main switches 5. Site Security Team : 5. Site Security Team Members School Estate Manager School Security Staff Local Police Station representative 1-2 parents Teacher (1) Students (5) Slide 57: Materials Required Map of facility / school Evacuation Plan Master keys Signs to post and writing implements Identification badge or armband Roles and responsibilities: : Roles and responsibilities: Before a disaster Work with the Planning Committee, the School Administrator and the District authorities to establish a release policy and communicate this policy to parents and staff. Develop procedures for how release will be handled. During disaster Duck, cover and hold at first sign of earthquake. Hold on to furniture legs if furniture moves. If outside, move away from buildings. After disaster : After disaster Lock all external gates and doors, and secure buildings. Station one team member at main gate/front door to deal with community/parents. Keep the Administrator (EOC) informed of activities. Release students according to pre-arranged policy. 6.Bus Safety Team (for each bus) : 6.Bus Safety Team (for each bus) Members Teachers going in the respective buses Student getting down on the last stop One senior most student Materials Required: Emergency Cards containing contact information of the local authorities district magistrate, police, fire services, health department, Red Cross, etc. Roles and responsibilities: : Roles and responsibilities: Before a disaster Know school policy for procedures in the event a damaging earthquake occurs while buses with students are enrooted to or from school. Assist SDMC in providing 2-way radio communications capability between buses and school Administrators. Carry emergency cards with information on contact numbers for the school EOC, and important district contact numbers . Take First Aid Training. Develop plans to assist special needs students. Slide 62: During disaster Pull over to side of road if possible in the open. (Not under an overpass or bridge or along side buildings or trees.) Instruct the passengers to crouch down between seats and in isle until shaking has stopped. Ensure special needs students are assisted. Slide 63: After disaster Assist any injured students providing First Aid as needed. Establish communications with School EOC Implement school policy for earthquake occurrence while students are enrooted to or from school. If condition of bus and transportation routes, allow movement of bus proceed cautiously. If crossing a bridge is necessary; stop bus, get out and physically inspect bridge if damage is apparent to make judgment that bridge is safe for bus passage STEP – 6: Dissemination of the plan to everybody in the school : STEP – 6: Dissemination of the plan to everybody in the school It is important that after plan preparation the plan is disseminated to its participants and school children through innovative and interesting activities like: Art Work, Creative, Poetry writing, Slogan writing, Drama, Games and Sports, Rescue drill, Evacuation drills, simple quickness of Reflexes games, Memory games, and observation games etc. STEP – 7: Conduct regular mock drills : STEP – 7: Conduct regular mock drills Drills and exercises are an extremely important part of your preparedness plan because they: 1) Teach students, staff and parents how to respond to the complications of an actual disaster, and 2) Help you evaluate how well all parts of your emergency plan work together, and how well your staff and students have been trained. i. Safety Considerations : i. Safety Considerations Explain to the class that if there is a strong earthquake, each student's first responsibility is for his or her own personal safety. Every student should learn, however, how to help someone else who is injured. Present some "what if" questions to provoke discussion. - What if the teacher is injured? - What if a student if cut by shattered glass and is bleeding? - What if someone is hit by a falling light fixture or heavy object and knocked out? - What if a student is very upset by the earthquake? ii Emotional Considerations : ii Emotional Considerations Lead a discussion with the students about the reactions they may have to a disaster. Have the students talk about what they can do after disaster to help themselves and their classmates feel less scared and worried. Everyone should be prepared to wait patiently. Students may be very concerned about their parents or siblings; they may in fact be "worried sick". Have students discuss what they can do to help each other pass the time and not worry so much. iii Drill : iii Drill Earthquake Practice drop, cover, and hold Evacuate classroom in less than 1 minute without pushing or falling. Evacuate school in less than 4 minutes using different exits. Look out for friends. Stay away from weak areas. Help those who need assistance. Escort young children or elders. Fire/ Chemical Accident / Drill : Fire/ Chemical Accident / Drill The need to prepare for sudden accidents needs awareness and sufficient knowledge. To know Why and how to handle an accident is important Information. Write what to do clearly in the Laboratories and Kitchen area in the school Practice mock drills every month Quiz the children every week on what they would do if i. The chemical in the test tube caught fire ii. The gas was leaking and someone lit a match. iii. The acid splashed on the floor. iv. Glass broke v. Someone drank nitric acid by mistake Cyclone Drill : Cyclone Drill Listen to cyclone warning and recognise changes in weather Make announcements in each class about the care they need to take and where to go Provide food, water, sheets, beds, in the place where the different people will assemble. Explain how to remain safe outdoors. Shift money and other valuables. Put off electricity. Remove or close down gas connections STEP – 8: Evaluation and Updating of the Plan to improve effectiveness : STEP – 8: Evaluation and Updating of the Plan to improve effectiveness The school plan needs to periodically evaluated and updated. The suggested period for plan updating is quarterly. First mock drill when conducted in any organisation will have many loop holes. This drill need to be evaluated and made more efficient. Supporting Curriculum Development : Supporting Curriculum Development • Master “Scope and Sequence” of disaster prevention in the formal curriculum: knowledge, skills, and competencies for K-12 • Infuse the curriculum, offer modules/units/chapters and whole courses • Develop and test materials and strategies • Share this through teacher pre-service and in-service training programs • Include all children, School and Community • Involve school communities in disaster prevention education and action. • Include parents, students, staff, NGOs, public sector agencies, after school programs, health facilities, scientists, senior citizens, local businesses, religious leaders and others COPING AFTER A DISASTER : COPING AFTER A DISASTER Psychological trauma after a disaster is very real. Reactions of children to disaster are affected by five factors: Their perception of the adult's reaction The direct exposure they've had to the destruction Child's developmental age Existence of problems prior to the event Prior experience in another disaster. Slide 74: Identifying at-risk students is one of the most important things the staff can do after a disaster. Signs to look for include: Withdrawn/quiet students Those acting overly responsible or parental Hyperactive children with little focus Children who are edgy, jumpy or quick to anger Vying for attention Out of control or with an attitude of non-caring. Slide 75: Classroom exercises that can help include discussions of the disaster, temporarily reducing academic performance expectations, encouraging involvement in school recovery Children should know the basics of various disasters, their regional aspects & disaster specific evacuation procedures. During such calamities proper evacuation plays a vital role in saving lives. Slide 76: CONCLUSION The School is a densely populated place and has small children that are one of the most vulnerable groups in the society. To reduce this vulnerability particularly for schools, it is important to have a school Disaster Management Plan. Schools also have many resources and are community nodes. Therefore, a School also has responsibility towards its immediate locality, just as the neighbouring community is linked to the school. REFERENCES : REFERENCES 1. Government of India, ministry of home affairs. National disaster management. Retrieved on 15 July, 2010 from http://www.ndmindia.nic.in/ 2. Central board of secondary education. Towards a safer India – education in disaster management. Retrieved on 15 July, 2010 from http://www.ndmindia.nic.in/WCDRDOCS/Towards%20A%20Safer%20India-CBSE.pdf