USgovernment

United States Government : 

United States Government ESOL Mr. Stephen Budd South Tech

What is Government? : 

What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules

Powers of Government : 

Powers of Government Legislative: Power to make laws Executive: Power to carry out laws Judicial: Power to interpret laws

What is a Law? : 

What is a Law? Official rules and regulations, generally found in the constitution Used to govern a society and control the behavior of its members

Kinds of Government : 

Kinds of Government Monarchy: kings and queens are rulers King George III Dictatorship: government with one ruler Cuba Democracy: people have power U.S. Government

Democracy : 

Political system Rule by the people People have basic freedom Representative Democracy Democracy

The Mayflower Compact : 

The Mayflower Compact Mayflower carried Pilgrims from England to Massachusetts Before they left the ship, the passengers wrote a document called the Mayflower Compact Promised to pass only laws that were fair to everyone and good for the whole community

The Declaration of Independence : 

The Declaration of Independence British raised colonists taxes Colonist protested Fighting began Committee chosen to write the document Benjamin Franklin John Adams Thomas Jefferson

: 

Laid the foundation for the nation’s future system of government Approved on July 4, 1776 56 people signed John Hancock signed first

Articles of Confederation : 

Articles of Confederation First Constitution of the United States Adopted November 15, 1777 A preamble and 13 articles State governments had most of the power Little power given to the central government

The Constitution of the United States : 

The Constitution of the United States Document that tells basic rules and explain rights of a US citizen Written 200 years ago Written to unite all the 13 colonies

Constitution : 

Constitution 57 men helped write it in 1787 Ratified by the states in 1788 It has 7 sections called Articles telling how the government works

Three Separate Branches : 

Three Separate Branches Each branch has power to check the others Legislative: Power to make laws Executive: Power to carry out laws Judicial: Power to interpret laws

The Bill of Rights : 

The Bill of Rights First 10 amendments It guaranteed certain freedoms and rights Added after the Constitution Freedom of Speech Freedom of Religion Freedom to Assemble

Amendments : 

Amendments Amendments change the Constitution 2/3 of both the Senate and House of Representative must approve 3/4 of all states must approve

Federal Government : 

Federal Government Federal government deals with matters that affect the whole country Defense Transportation Postal Delivery Federal Taxes

Federal GovernmentExecutive Branch : 

Federal GovernmentExecutive Branch Executive Branch carries out national laws The President is head of the Executive Branch Commander in Chief of nation’s army Elected to a four year term Approves the laws that congress makes Proposed national budget Can veto a bill

Federal GovernmentLegislative Branch : 

Federal GovernmentLegislative Branch Legislative branch makes laws for the nation Two parts of the Legislative Branch U.S. Senate U.S. House of Representatives

Federal GovernmentLegislative Branch : 

Federal GovernmentLegislative Branch House of Representative Number according to size of state’s population Representative must live in the state they represent 25 years or older US Citizen for 7 years Elected to 2 year term Senate Each state has 2 Senators must live in the state they represent 30 years or older Citizen of the U.S. for 9 years Elected to 6 year term

Federal Government Judicial Branch : 

Federal Government Judicial Branch Judicial Branch interprets and applies national laws Make up of the court system Highest is the Supreme Court- appointed for life terms Lowest levels are Justice of Peace Gets its powers from Article III of the Constitution

State Government : 

State Government State Government deals with matters within their own state Schools State Roads State Taxes State Police

State GovernmentExecutive Branch : 

State GovernmentExecutive Branch Headed by the governor Elected to 4 year term Carries out laws of the state Proposes state budget Commander of the state militia Can veto bills

State GovernmentLegislative Branch : 

State GovernmentLegislative Branch Makes state laws New York Senate has 61 members - 4 year terms New York assembly has 150 - 2 year terms Chief Officer assembly speaker Legislature convenes in January

State GovernmentJudicial Branch : 

State GovernmentJudicial Branch Interprets and applies state laws New York Court of Appeals - appointed for 14 years State Supreme Court - elected for a 14 year term

Other Kinds of Government : 

Other Kinds of Government County Government NY has 62 counties City Government controls an area with large population Town Government Village Government The People

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Provide Public Service Protect the Safety of their Citizens Provide a System of Justice Protect the Rights of Individuals Promote the Well Being of their Citizens Establish local fire departments Patrol state highways Build Roads Sanitation facilities Provide state funds for schools Maintain state prison system Pass local fair housing laws

What is a Citizen? : 

What is a Citizen? Two kinds of citizens Native-born citizens Born here Children of American citizens born while visiting other countries Naturalized citizens Have to be at least 18 From other countries Lived here 5 years to qualify 3 years if they’re married to an American citizen

Citizen’s Rights : 

Citizen’s Rights Countries protect their citizens and give them rights Naturalized and Native-born citizens have the same rights, except one Naturalized citizens can’t run for president Citizens can vote Freedom of Religion Freedom of Speech Freedom of the Press

Citizen’s Responsibilities : 

Citizen’s Responsibilities Duty to obey the law Vote in elections To pay taxes If the country is at war, citizens may be called to serve in the armed forces Serve on a jury if called

Patrick Henry : 

Patrick Henry Born May 29, 1736 in Hanover County, Va. Storekeeper and farmer Member of the revolutionary convention of Va. Died on June 6, 1799 “Give me Liberty or Give me Death”

Thomas Jefferson : 

Thomas Jefferson Third President of the United States in 1801-1809 Member of the second Continental Congress Drafted the Declaration of Independence in 1776 Politician, Educator and an Architect

Alexander Hamilton : 

Alexander Hamilton Helped secure New York's ratification of the Constitution First Secretary of the Treasury Shot and killed in a duel with former U.S. vice-president Aaron Burr, a long-time political rival

John Jay : 

John Jay Continental Congress Commissioner Treaty of Paris Continental Congress 1774-1775 First Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Helped negotiate peace with Great Britain Governor of N.Y.

Thomas Paine : 

Thomas Paine Wrote Common Sense, which called for American independence from Great Britain Born in Thetford, England 1774-Moved to Philadelphia Influenced fighters in the Revolutionary War Buried in New Rochelle, NY

George Washington : 

George Washington Born February 22, 1732 General in the French and Indian War General in Revolutionary War President of the Constitutional Convention First President of the United States

Sam Adams : 

Sam Adams Adams was born in Boston on September 27, 1722. After college was a success law student. Adams was a delegate to the Second Continental Congress also subsequently

James Madison : 

James Madison From Virginia Founding Father Wrote Bill of Rights Signed the Constitution Married Dolly Madison Congressman 4th President of the United States

Francis Scott Key : 

Francis Scott Key Watched the bombardment of Fort McHenry, in Baltimore Harbor by the British in September 1814 The fort withstood the attack, and the sight of the American flag at dawn inspired Key's verses, set to a popular English drinking tune

National Anthem : 

National Anthem “O say can you see...” Hymn of loyalty to our country Designation as national anthem by executive order in 1916 was confirmed by an act of Congress in 1931 Written by Francis Scott Key, a Washington D.C. lawyer

American Flag : 

American Flag Symbol of our nation Original had 13 alternating red & white stripes and 13 stars-one for each colony Now one star for each state (50) Legend is that Betsy Ross sewed 1st flag for George Washington

Pledge of Allegiance : 

Pledge of Allegiance I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America and to the republic for which it stands: one nation, under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.