International Rail Terminal at Waterloo Station lo

International Rail Terminal at Waterloo Station,london : 

International Rail Terminal at Waterloo Station,london

Slide 2: 

Architect-Nicholas Grimshaw and Partners Location -WaterlooStation, London, England Date-1993 Building Type-train station platform Construction System-glass and steel Style- High Tech Modern

Construction speciality : 

Construction speciality the massive curved train shed which gradually expands towards the station end The roof consists of 37 prismatic, three pinned bow string arches covering approximately 400 meters, the entire length of the trains.The upper pin of the arches is where the external inverted truss with twin tie rods convert to an internal bow string truss with a single lower tie rod and twin large diameter steel tubesat the top. The roof effectively follows the stress diagram for the structure, and responds well to the movement in the supports.

Parametric Propagation of Form : 

Parametric Propagation of Form The most impressive feature of the scheme from a CAD perspective is the massive curved train shed which gradually expands towards the station end. The main parametric relationships involved in this project were concerned with the description of the structural form, in which the span and curvatures of individual arches were related. These relationships in turn determined the detail of the trusses.

Expressing the Structure Parametrically : 

Expressing the Structure Parametrically The asymmetry of the trusses derives from the position of a single track tight onto the western edge of the site and the resulting need for the structure to rise more steeply at this point to clear the trains. The basic structure of the terminal is that of a flattened three-pin bowstring arch.

Slide 7: 

The arched roof of the train shed follows the curve of the railway, An isometric view of the Waterloo Station train shed, its arches varying in span from 107 to 159 feet (32.7 to 48.5 meters). Plan view of the train station showing varying roof truss sizes and expansion joints.

Slide 8: 

The arched roof of the train shed follows the curve of the railway Each arch and the related cladding are different as the roof changes width along the curved tracks. there are 18 pairs of arches, i.e. 36 in total, curiously numbered 2 to 37

Truss detail : 

Truss detail A complete three-pinned arch is composed of two bowstring trusses. The longer trusses have tension rods on the inside, whereas the shorter trusses have tension rods on the outside. The cladding on the (western) short truss side is all glass, whereas the (eastern) long truss side is clad in stainless steel decking to reduce solar gains.

Slide 10: 

Construction line grid defining the truss geometry. The arch on the west needed a much steeper curve than the arch on the east to allow trains to arrive right underneath it. Minor and major trusses spanning lengths B and C respectively. The longer trusses have tension rods on the inside, whereas the shorter trusses have tension rods on the outside

Slide 11: 

Parametric expression of the truss scaling factors. A cross section from the end of the Waterloo Station.