Cranial nerves

Cranial nerves : 

Cranial nerves

1)Olfactory. : 

1)Olfactory. Exit through Cribriform plate. To go to the lat. & med sides of the nasal cavity.

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2)Optic nerve.(emerges from the optic chiasm) Exit through the Optic canal. Go forward & lat. To reach the backward of the eye ball. Note that it is bet. The 2 rectus Mc.-----med.,lat.

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3,4&6 ---------- Motor nerves for the (7) Mc’s of the eye. All exit through the sup. Orbital fissure.

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3) Oculomotor. Supply 5 Mc’s of the eye----- * levator palpebrae. * sup. Rectus * inf. Rectus * Med. Rectus * inf. Oblique

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Note= In addition to these short ciliary nerves the oaculomotor gives parasympathatic nerve supply to the eye.

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4)Troclear nerve. Supplies only the sup. Oblique Mc.

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6) Abducent nerve. Supplies only the lat. Rectus Mc. Which abduct the eye.

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Back to the 5th cranial nerve 5)Trigeminal nerve = “sensory motor.” Sensation= face, nasal cavity ,Oral cavity. Motor=Mc of mastication. Ophthalmic maxillary mandibular

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Ophthalmic Br. (sensory) Exit through the sup orbital fissure Br.------1- frontal br. that emerge through supra Orbital fissure & supra,infra troclear fissure. Supply this area 2- lacrimal Br. For the lacrimal glands

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3-Nasociliary br. (sensory) **for the Eye ball. * For this area Infratrochlear ** Long ciliary ** Ethmoidal.*

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B-Maxilary nerve (sensory) exit from foramen Rotundum to reach ptyrgomandibular fissure Note=ptyregomandibular fissuer is continuous with inf. Orbital fissure. Reaching the maxilla it give us br.’s Infra-orbital nerve The path of the nerve on the floor of the orbit The infra-orbital foramen where it exits. nasal labile Palpebral Supply this area

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Sup.,pos.,ant., alveolar nerves for the sup alveolar arch. Palatine nerve -----greater & lesser through the palatine foramen. Nasopalatine which exit through the incisor foramen Zygomatic nerve zygomatotemporal zygomatofacial Nasopalatine Br. With the palatine Br. Supply this area. Supplied by zygomatic br.

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C-Mandibular nerve (sensory-motor) exit from foramen alveole to reach an opening behind the lat. ptyregoid plate. Motor=Mc of mastication. tensor tympani tensor palatine Sensory= - buccal ----------for the cheek -auriculotemporal ------------------------- -inf. Alveolar ----inf. Alveolar arch Enter through the mandibular foramen and gives Br.=mental nerve that go through mental foramen & supply the chin -lingual

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7,8 both go through internal auditory meatus 7) Facial nerve. Exit through stylo-mandibular foramen . Inside the skull gives br. Most imp----chorda tympani br. Enter bet. the superficial & deep part of the parotid gland. Supply the mc of the facial expression. & give us the following br.= 1-Temporal br.--------frontalis Mc 2-Orbital-------Orbecularis Oculi 3-Buccal-----------buccinator,orbecularis oris 4-marginal mandibular------Mc that move the lower lip 5-cervical-----------platysma

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8)vestibulo-cochlear nerve . Vestibular Br.--------Balance Cochlear Br.----------Hearing

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9)Glossopharngeal nerve * 10)Vagus nerve. ** Jugular foramen 11)Spinal accsessory*** *mainly sensory but supply stylopharngeas Mc. ** (sensory-motor ) gives the pharngeal Br.--------Mc of the palate except palatoglosuss Sup. Laryngeal---internal ---external -----cricothyroid mc. Recurrent Br. *** Motor for the trapezius,sternoclidomastoid.

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12)Hypoglossal-----Hypoglossal foramen Motor nerve For all the tongue’s Mc. Infra-hyoid Mc. Is the union of the 2 br.s of the hypoglossal nerve. & supply the infra hyoid MS. These last 4 cranial nerve is in bet the internal jugular vein & internal carotid art. Behinde the stylohyid Mc. & post. belly of digastric .