Carbon Sequestration- An Intro

Carbon Sequestration : 

Carbon Sequestration Suggested By: Mr. Vijai Krishna Lecturer M.Sc.(Tech.) Environmental Science & Technology Presented By: Kaushik Kumar somukaushik7@gmail.com 09026362135 M.Sc. (Tech.) Environmental Science & Technology, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Barkachha Mirzapur.

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Introduction: Continuous increase in CO2 Level & Concerned Problems CO2 concentration 379 ppm in 2005 as compared to 180-300 ppm during the last 650000 years

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Causes of CO2 Emission: Use of fossil fuel Deforestation Sources of CO2 Emission: Natural & Anthropogenic sources

Definition: : 

Definition: Carbon sequestration is a technique to mitigate the global warming and climate change problems via capture and storage of carbon dioxide emitted from point sources such as fossil fuel power plants, oil and natural gas processing, cement manufacturing, iron and steel manufacturing units, petrochemical industries, etc. instead of allowing them to disperse in the air. Types of Carbon sequestration: Carbon sequestration occurs via. two methods namely: Direct method Geo sequestration Ocean sequestration Indirect method Terrestrial sequestration Ocean sequestration by plants

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Terrestrial Sequestration: Terrestrial carbon sequestration is defined as either the net removal of CO2 from the atmosphere or the prevention of CO2 net emissions from the terrestrial ecosystems into the atmosphere. Methods of Terrestrial Sequestration: Afforestation Reforestation Sustainable Forest Management Soil Erosion Management Wetland Management Grazing Land Management Crop Rotation

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Geosequestration: is the deep geological storage of carbon dioxide from major industrial sources such as: fossil fuel-fired power stations, oil and natural gas processing, cement manufacture, iron and steel manufacture and the petrochemical industries instead of allowing it to disperse in air.

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Carbon Sequestration Technique:

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CO2 storage Geological storage Oceanic storage Mineral storage The Worldwide Capacity of Potential CO2 Storage Reservoirs The Theoretical Global Storage Capacity of CO2

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Advantages: Enhanced Coal Bed Recovery Enhanced Oil Recovery

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CO2 Reuse Food Pop Rocks is pressurized with carbon dioxide gas at about 40 bar (600 psi). Soft Drinks Caffeine removal Good solvent for many lipophilic organic compounds Pharmaceutical and other chemical processing Instead of organochlorine Polymers and plastics Carbon dioxide can also be combined with limonene oxide from orange peels or other epoxides to create polymers and plastics. As refrigerants PH control

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Disadvantages: Acidity of Ocean water Increased Energy consumption and Economy: About 10%-40% more electrical energy consumption in industry with CCS than industry without CCS and thus also increase in economy by 20%-30%. Leakage problem: Lake Nyos DisasterCameroon, 1986 Massive CO2 released 1,700+ people died along with numerous livestock due to asphyxiation

Conclusion : 

Conclusion As terrestrial sequestration is natural (indirect) process and it is very slow process so we should focus on direct process i.e. carbon geosequestration having no doubt that it is very efficient technology to reduce the risk of CO2 emission by large power plants and industries which is major contributory gas in Global Warming. Its environmental backlashes is negligible than its utilization such as in enhanced oil recovery, methane adsorption, manufacturing of soft drinks etc. About 80-90% CO2 emission is reduced however, the consumption of electricity increased by 10-40% and thus the cost increased by 20-30% which should be neglected taking the environmental problem as global warming in point of view.

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Thank You