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Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Ch 23: The Solar System : Ch 23: The Solar System Slide 2: How did the Solar System evolve???? : How did the Solar System evolve???? Gas and dust in space was disturbed possibly by a……supernova Created waves which squeezed clouds and dust together. Squeezing made clouds collapse (less than 100,000 years) Slide 5: Gravity pulled gas together creating a solar nebula… Cloud got hotter and denser in the middle. As it thinned on the edges clumps of particles came together to form planets and moon Protostar : Protostar The center compressed enough to create a protostar. Nebula Theory : Nebula Theory The Solar System began as a huge cloud of dust and gas called a nebula, which later condensed to form the sun and it’s eight planets. Sun Forms First 5 Billion Years Ago : Sun Forms First 5 Billion Years Ago The nebula from which our solar system evolved was composed of hydrogen and helium……… What is the sun composed of???? Slide 9: Gravitational forces pulled matter in the nebula toward the center The nebula shrank and spun faster and at the center our sun was born The Planets Form : The Planets Form Gravity causes the cloud to collapse; since the cloud is spinning, material falls in along the "poles" faster than it does near the "equator". This flattening results in a disk-like object. Slide 12: Material slowly moves into the center of this disk, forming a new star. While the star continues to grow, lumps form in the disk which will ultimately become planets. Slide 13: The disk eventually thins as more material falls onto the star and the proto-planets. A hole in the disk near the star forms as material is completely incorporated into the star and planets. Slide 14: Now fully formed planets exist within the hole New planets are still under construction in the outer parts of the disk. . Slide 15: The remaining dust clears completely, leaving a fully formed solar system like our own Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars : Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune : Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune Motions of the Planets : Motions of the Planets Slide 19: Before cities and language people used the stars to guide them to plant crops. Unusual stars they called “planets” Orbit : Orbit A path one object takes when moving around another object in space. Slide 21: Planets move counter-clockwise Closest planets to the sun travel in the shortest amount of time. Vice-versa for planets further away. Which planets would take the longest to orbit the sun?? A Trip Through the Solar System : A Trip Through the Solar System Mercury- Faster than a Speeding Bullet : Mercury- Faster than a Speeding Bullet Closest planet to the sun Has no atmosphere so therefore, no weather Moves faster around the sun than any other planet Takes 88 Earth days to complete on rotation Named after the speedy messenger of the Roman gods. Mercury : Mercury In 1975 US spacecraft the Mariner 10 located craters and steep cliffs Evidence of prior active volcanoes. They are now extinct Craters were created billions of years ago my material striking the surface Mercury : Mercury Rotates on it’s axis every 59 Earth days A sunrise every 175 Earth-days Temperatures range from 427 C to -170 C at night Thin atmosphere composed of Hydrogen, helium, and sodium One of the hottest and coldest planets Venus- Greenhouse in the Sky : Venus- Greenhouse in the Sky Named for the Roman goddess of beauty Has same diameter, mass, and density of earth Covered by thick dense yellow clouds composed of sulfuric acid Venus : Venus Winds up to 350 km/h. Atmosphere composed of CO2 and has an orange glow No water has been found Deep canyons, craters, mountains, plains, and ancient volcanoes Venus- Retrograde Rotation : Venus- Retrograde Rotation Reverse motion in which a planet rotates from east to west, instead of west to east. Rotates once on it’s axis every 243 Earth days Takes 224 Earth days to revolve once around the sun So, a day on Venus is actually longer than a year Venus- Greenhouse Effect : Venus- Greenhouse Effect When heat becomes trapped beneath the clouds. Billions of years ago Venus may have been covered by oceans. As the sun grew hotter water began to evaporate into the atmosphere and trapping heat. Earth : Earth Discussed in Chapter 8, 9, and 22 Mars- The Rusty Planet : Mars- The Rusty Planet Named after Roman god of war because of it’s reddish (bloody) color 2 moons: Phobos and Deimos (fear and terror) Martian Soil : Martian Soil Composed of iron oxide….RUST……. No life present now, but may have existed before Mars- features : Mars- features Four huge extinct volcanoes Largest is Olympus Mons (largest in solar system) Lava and steam from ancient volcanoes created the deep channels Slide 36: No liquid water. Frozen ice caps at poles Moons are smaller than earths-- rocky & cratered Mars-----Statistics : Mars-----Statistics 228 million km from sun Revolves around sun in 1.88 years Rotation time is 24.5 hours (similar to who?????) High temp: -31`C and Low temp: -130`C. Atmosphere: CO2, nitrogen, argon, O2, and water vapor Asteroid Belt : Asteroid Belt Located between Mars and Jupiter. Area of flying rocks and asteroids Clumps of matter that didn’t join together during the birth of the solar system Jupiter : Jupiter Named after the Roman king of the gods Mostly hydrogen and helium gases so if it grew any larger it could be a star - Red Spot : - Red Spot Giant 20,000 year old hurricane in the cloud cover 3 times the size of earth.. Jupiter- Atmosphere : Jupiter- Atmosphere Massive pressure that liquid hydrogen probably turns to metal Gives off more heat than it receives from the sun Gigantic bolts of lightning Thin circling ring Jupiter’s Moons : Jupiter’s Moons Contains 63 in total…Main ones: ---------------------- IO EUROPA GANYMEDE CALLISTO IO : IO Most active object in the solar system (volcanoes) High sulfur content gives it a colorful surface Europa : Europa Ice covered Brightest, whitest, and smoothest surface in solar system Volcano that ejects water and ammonia ice Ganymede : Ganymede Largest moon in solar system Half rock and half water ice May experience earthquakes Callisto : Callisto Most heavily cratered object in universe Mainly rock and ice Saturn : Saturn Rings made of icy particles 7 major rings labeled A to G. Made of helium and hydrogen gases Spins rapidly on it’s axis Saturn : Saturn Lightning storms that last 10 months Gives off 3 x more energy than it receives from sun Least dense planet (could float on water) Saturn’s Moons : Saturn’s Moons 19 main moons orbiting Saturn Largest Titan: Has an atmosphere Contains nitrogen, CO2, cyanide, carbon monoxide (deadly gases) Orange glow Possibility of living things to evolve Uranus : Uranus Covered in a thick atmosphere made of hydrogen, helium, and methane Covered by an ocean of superheated water possibly from melted comets Rocky molten core the size of earth Uranus : Uranus Axis is tilted at 90’ s so it’s on it’s side 9 known rings covered in methane ice 15 known moons Uranus’s Moons : Uranus’s Moons Miranda and Ariel Geologically active and have fault lines Neptune : Neptune Named after Roman god of the sea Twin planet of Uranus (same size, mass, and temperature) Thick cloud cover of methane, hydrogen, and helium Neptune : Neptune 5 rings composed of dust particles that formed when meteorites crashed into the moons mya. Neptune’s Moons : Neptune’s Moons Has at least 8 moons Triton: Has an atmosphere Orbits Neptune backwards May have been object captured in Neptune’s gravity Pluto: Planet X : Pluto: Planet X 40 times further from the sun than the Earth Diameter 2300 km Temperature -210°C 248 Earth years to orbit the sun Irregular orbit pattern One moon called Charon Dirty ice ball of frozen gases Classified as a minor planet Comets : Comets Object made of ice, gas, and dust that travels through space Gets warmer as it travels toward sun and the gases heat up to form a cloud around the core Comet : Comet Nucleus (core) and the coma (gas surrounding nucleus) are the head of the comet Solar wind blows the coma outward to produce the tail Meteoroids : Meteoroids Chunks of metal or stone that orbit the sun Come from the asteroid belt or comets that have broken up Millions strike earth’s atmosphere daily Meteor : Meteor Steak of light produced by burning meteoroids in the atmosphere AKA: Shooting Star Meteorite : Meteorite A meteoroid that strikes the earth’s surface Most contain nickel, iron, and stone Produces a crater when it strikes earth You do not have the permission to view this presentation. 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Solar system-planets somark Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 1046 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (1) Dislike it (0) Added: August 06, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: anantanant (8 month(s) ago) very helpful in my science activity "to make power point presentation on solar system" Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: ksankar (34 month(s) ago) Good presentation Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Ch 23: The Solar System : Ch 23: The Solar System Slide 2: How did the Solar System evolve???? : How did the Solar System evolve???? Gas and dust in space was disturbed possibly by a……supernova Created waves which squeezed clouds and dust together. Squeezing made clouds collapse (less than 100,000 years) Slide 5: Gravity pulled gas together creating a solar nebula… Cloud got hotter and denser in the middle. As it thinned on the edges clumps of particles came together to form planets and moon Protostar : Protostar The center compressed enough to create a protostar. Nebula Theory : Nebula Theory The Solar System began as a huge cloud of dust and gas called a nebula, which later condensed to form the sun and it’s eight planets. Sun Forms First 5 Billion Years Ago : Sun Forms First 5 Billion Years Ago The nebula from which our solar system evolved was composed of hydrogen and helium……… What is the sun composed of???? Slide 9: Gravitational forces pulled matter in the nebula toward the center The nebula shrank and spun faster and at the center our sun was born The Planets Form : The Planets Form Gravity causes the cloud to collapse; since the cloud is spinning, material falls in along the "poles" faster than it does near the "equator". This flattening results in a disk-like object. Slide 12: Material slowly moves into the center of this disk, forming a new star. While the star continues to grow, lumps form in the disk which will ultimately become planets. Slide 13: The disk eventually thins as more material falls onto the star and the proto-planets. A hole in the disk near the star forms as material is completely incorporated into the star and planets. Slide 14: Now fully formed planets exist within the hole New planets are still under construction in the outer parts of the disk. . Slide 15: The remaining dust clears completely, leaving a fully formed solar system like our own Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars : Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune : Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune Motions of the Planets : Motions of the Planets Slide 19: Before cities and language people used the stars to guide them to plant crops. Unusual stars they called “planets” Orbit : Orbit A path one object takes when moving around another object in space. Slide 21: Planets move counter-clockwise Closest planets to the sun travel in the shortest amount of time. Vice-versa for planets further away. Which planets would take the longest to orbit the sun?? A Trip Through the Solar System : A Trip Through the Solar System Mercury- Faster than a Speeding Bullet : Mercury- Faster than a Speeding Bullet Closest planet to the sun Has no atmosphere so therefore, no weather Moves faster around the sun than any other planet Takes 88 Earth days to complete on rotation Named after the speedy messenger of the Roman gods. Mercury : Mercury In 1975 US spacecraft the Mariner 10 located craters and steep cliffs Evidence of prior active volcanoes. They are now extinct Craters were created billions of years ago my material striking the surface Mercury : Mercury Rotates on it’s axis every 59 Earth days A sunrise every 175 Earth-days Temperatures range from 427 C to -170 C at night Thin atmosphere composed of Hydrogen, helium, and sodium One of the hottest and coldest planets Venus- Greenhouse in the Sky : Venus- Greenhouse in the Sky Named for the Roman goddess of beauty Has same diameter, mass, and density of earth Covered by thick dense yellow clouds composed of sulfuric acid Venus : Venus Winds up to 350 km/h. Atmosphere composed of CO2 and has an orange glow No water has been found Deep canyons, craters, mountains, plains, and ancient volcanoes Venus- Retrograde Rotation : Venus- Retrograde Rotation Reverse motion in which a planet rotates from east to west, instead of west to east. Rotates once on it’s axis every 243 Earth days Takes 224 Earth days to revolve once around the sun So, a day on Venus is actually longer than a year Venus- Greenhouse Effect : Venus- Greenhouse Effect When heat becomes trapped beneath the clouds. Billions of years ago Venus may have been covered by oceans. As the sun grew hotter water began to evaporate into the atmosphere and trapping heat. Earth : Earth Discussed in Chapter 8, 9, and 22 Mars- The Rusty Planet : Mars- The Rusty Planet Named after Roman god of war because of it’s reddish (bloody) color 2 moons: Phobos and Deimos (fear and terror) Martian Soil : Martian Soil Composed of iron oxide….RUST……. No life present now, but may have existed before Mars- features : Mars- features Four huge extinct volcanoes Largest is Olympus Mons (largest in solar system) Lava and steam from ancient volcanoes created the deep channels Slide 36: No liquid water. Frozen ice caps at poles Moons are smaller than earths-- rocky & cratered Mars-----Statistics : Mars-----Statistics 228 million km from sun Revolves around sun in 1.88 years Rotation time is 24.5 hours (similar to who?????) High temp: -31`C and Low temp: -130`C. Atmosphere: CO2, nitrogen, argon, O2, and water vapor Asteroid Belt : Asteroid Belt Located between Mars and Jupiter. Area of flying rocks and asteroids Clumps of matter that didn’t join together during the birth of the solar system Jupiter : Jupiter Named after the Roman king of the gods Mostly hydrogen and helium gases so if it grew any larger it could be a star - Red Spot : - Red Spot Giant 20,000 year old hurricane in the cloud cover 3 times the size of earth.. Jupiter- Atmosphere : Jupiter- Atmosphere Massive pressure that liquid hydrogen probably turns to metal Gives off more heat than it receives from the sun Gigantic bolts of lightning Thin circling ring Jupiter’s Moons : Jupiter’s Moons Contains 63 in total…Main ones: ---------------------- IO EUROPA GANYMEDE CALLISTO IO : IO Most active object in the solar system (volcanoes) High sulfur content gives it a colorful surface Europa : Europa Ice covered Brightest, whitest, and smoothest surface in solar system Volcano that ejects water and ammonia ice Ganymede : Ganymede Largest moon in solar system Half rock and half water ice May experience earthquakes Callisto : Callisto Most heavily cratered object in universe Mainly rock and ice Saturn : Saturn Rings made of icy particles 7 major rings labeled A to G. Made of helium and hydrogen gases Spins rapidly on it’s axis Saturn : Saturn Lightning storms that last 10 months Gives off 3 x more energy than it receives from sun Least dense planet (could float on water) Saturn’s Moons : Saturn’s Moons 19 main moons orbiting Saturn Largest Titan: Has an atmosphere Contains nitrogen, CO2, cyanide, carbon monoxide (deadly gases) Orange glow Possibility of living things to evolve Uranus : Uranus Covered in a thick atmosphere made of hydrogen, helium, and methane Covered by an ocean of superheated water possibly from melted comets Rocky molten core the size of earth Uranus : Uranus Axis is tilted at 90’ s so it’s on it’s side 9 known rings covered in methane ice 15 known moons Uranus’s Moons : Uranus’s Moons Miranda and Ariel Geologically active and have fault lines Neptune : Neptune Named after Roman god of the sea Twin planet of Uranus (same size, mass, and temperature) Thick cloud cover of methane, hydrogen, and helium Neptune : Neptune 5 rings composed of dust particles that formed when meteorites crashed into the moons mya. Neptune’s Moons : Neptune’s Moons Has at least 8 moons Triton: Has an atmosphere Orbits Neptune backwards May have been object captured in Neptune’s gravity Pluto: Planet X : Pluto: Planet X 40 times further from the sun than the Earth Diameter 2300 km Temperature -210°C 248 Earth years to orbit the sun Irregular orbit pattern One moon called Charon Dirty ice ball of frozen gases Classified as a minor planet Comets : Comets Object made of ice, gas, and dust that travels through space Gets warmer as it travels toward sun and the gases heat up to form a cloud around the core Comet : Comet Nucleus (core) and the coma (gas surrounding nucleus) are the head of the comet Solar wind blows the coma outward to produce the tail Meteoroids : Meteoroids Chunks of metal or stone that orbit the sun Come from the asteroid belt or comets that have broken up Millions strike earth’s atmosphere daily Meteor : Meteor Steak of light produced by burning meteoroids in the atmosphere AKA: Shooting Star Meteorite : Meteorite A meteoroid that strikes the earth’s surface Most contain nickel, iron, and stone Produces a crater when it strikes earth