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Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript PowerPoint Presentation: Rational Numbers Maths Assignment Made By : Class - Viii A Aditya SinhaPowerPoint Presentation: The integers which are in the form of p/q where q is not equal to 0 are known as rational numbers. Examples - 5/8; -3/14; 7/-15; -6/-11 Natural numbers – They are counting numbers. Integers - Natural numbers, their negative and 0 form the system of integers. Fractional numbers – the positive integer which are in the form of p/q where q is not equal to 0 are known as fractional numbers. Rational NumbersPowerPoint Presentation: Properties Of Rational Numbers Closure Property Rational numbers are closed under addition. That is, for any two rational numbers a and b, a+b s also a rational number. For Example - 8 + 3 = 11 ( a rational number. ) Rational numbers are closed under subtraction. That is, for any two rational numbers a and b, a – b is also a rational number, For Example - 25 – 11 = 14 ( a rational number. ) Rational numbers are closed under multiplication. That is, for any two rational numbers a and b, a * b is also a rational number. For Example - 4 * 2 = 8 (a rational number. ) Rational numbers are not closed under division. That is, for any rational number a, a/0 is not defined. For Example - 6/0 is not defined.PowerPoint Presentation: Commutative Property Rational numbers can be added in any order. Therefore, addition is commutative for rational numbers. For Example – Subtraction is not commutative for rational numbers . For Example - Since, -7 is unequal to 7 Hence, L.H.S. Is unequal to R.H.S. Therefore, it is proved that subtraction is not commutative for rational numbers. L.H.S. R.H.S. - 3/8 + 1/7 L.C.M. = 56 = -21+8 = -13 1 /7 +(-3/8) L.C.M. = 56 = 8+(-21) = -13 L.H.S. R.H.S. 2/3 – 5/4 L.C.M. = 12 = 8 – 15 = -7 5/4 – 2/3 L.C.M. = 12 = 15 – 8 = 7PowerPoint Presentation: Rational numbers can be multiplied in any order. Therefore, it is said that multiplication is commutative for rational numbers. For Example – Since, L.H.S = R.H.S. Therefore, it is proved that rational numbers can be multiplied in any order. Rational numbers can not be divided in any order.Therefore,division is not commutative for rational numbers. For Example – Since, L.H.S. is not equal to R.H.S. Therefore, it is proved that rational numbers can not be divided in any order. L.H.S. R.H.S. -7/3*6/5 = -42/15 6/5*(7/3) = -42/15 L.H.S. R.H.S. (-5/4) / 3/7 = -5/4*7/3 = -35/12 3/7 / (-5/4) = 3/7*4/-5 = -12/35Associative property: Associative property Addition is associative for rational numbers. That is for any three rational numbers a, b and c, a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c. For Example Since, -9/10 = -9/10 Hence, L.H.S. = R.H.S. Therefore, the property has been proved. Subtraction is not associative for rational numbers. For Example - Since, 19/30 is not equal to 29/30 Hence, L.H.S. is not equal to R.H.S. Therefore, the property has been proved. L.H.S. R.H.S. -2/3+[3/5+(-5/6)] = -2/3+(-7/30) = -27/30 = -9/10 [-2/3+3/5]+(-5/6) =-1/15+(-5/6) =-27/30 =-9/10 -2/3-[-4/5-1/2] = -2/3 + 13/10 =-20 +39 /30 = 19/30 [2/3-(-4/5)]-1/2 = 22/15 – ½ = 44 – 15/30 = 29/30PowerPoint Presentation: Multiplication is associative for rational numbers. That is for any rational numbers a, b and c a* (b*c) = (a*b) * c For Example – Since, -5/21 = -5/21 Hence, L.H.S. = R.H.S Division is not associative for Rational numbers. For Example – Since, Hence, L.H.S. Is Not equal to R.H.S. L.H.S. R.H.S. -2/3* (5/4*2/7) = -2/3 * 10/28 = -2/3 * 5/14 = -10/42 = -5/21 (-2/3*5/4) * 2/7 = -10/12 * 2/7 = -5/6 * 2/7 = -10/42 = -5/21 L.H.S. R.H.S. ½ / (-1/3 / 2/5) = ½ / -5/6 = -6/10 = -3/5 [½ / (-1/2)] / 2/5 = -1 / 2/5 = -5/2 = -5/2Distributive Law: Distributive Law Distributivity of multiplication over addition and subtraction : For all rational numbers a, b and c, a (b+c) = ab + ac a (b-c) = ab – ac For Example – Since, L.H.S. = R.H.S. Hence, distributive law is proved L.H.S. R.H.S. 4 (2+6) = 4 (8) = 32 4*2 + 4*6 = 8 = 24 = 32The Role Of Zero (0): The Role Of Zero (0) Zero is called the identity for the addition of rational numbers. It is the additive identity for integers and whole numbers as well. Therefore, for any rational number a, a+0 = 0+a = a For Example - 2+0 = 0+2 = 2 -5+0 = 0+(-5) = -5 The role of one (1) 1 is the multiplicative identity for rational numbers. Therefore, a*1 = 1*a = a for any rational number a. For Example - 2*1 = 2 1*-10 = -10Additive Inverse: Additive Inverse Additive inverse is also known as negative of a number. For any rational number a/b, a/b+(-a/b)= (-a/b)+a/b = 0 Therefore, -a/b is the additive inverse of a/b and a/b is the additive inverse of (-a/b) Reciprocal Rational number c/d is called the reciprocal or multiplicative inverse of another rational number a/b if a/b * c/d = 1Some Problems On Rational Numbers: Some Problems On Rational Numbers Q 1 ) Verify that –(-x) is the same as x for x = 5/6 A 1 ) The additive inverse of x = 5/6 = -x = -5/6 Since, 5/6 + (-5/6) = 0 Hence, -(-x) = x. Q 2 ) Find any four rational numbers between -5/6 and 5/8 A 2 ) Convert the given numbers to rational numbers with same denominators : -5*4-6*4 = -20/24 5*3/8*3 = 15/24 Thus, we have -19/24; -18/24; ........13/24; 14/24 Any four rational numbers can be chosen. L.H.S. R.H.S. -(-5/6) = +5/6 = 5/6 5/6 = + 5/6 = 5/6Acknowledgement: Acknowledgement I want to acknowledge Purnima mam, our mathematics teacher for her valuable contribution as she gave and explained me this assignment. Bibliography Sources of information : Class 8 th N.C.E.R.T. textbook. Internet (Google) You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Rational Numbers sinhaz Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Copy Does not support media & animations WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 6130 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (4) Dislike it (0) Added: March 10, 2012 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 7 Presentation Description maths Comments Posting comment... By: shingh (11 month(s) ago) please allow me Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: shingh (11 month(s) ago) i want to download this ppt now so please allow me plz plz plz Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: rwas (13 month(s) ago) i want to download it now.please allow me Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript PowerPoint Presentation: Rational Numbers Maths Assignment Made By : Class - Viii A Aditya SinhaPowerPoint Presentation: The integers which are in the form of p/q where q is not equal to 0 are known as rational numbers. Examples - 5/8; -3/14; 7/-15; -6/-11 Natural numbers – They are counting numbers. Integers - Natural numbers, their negative and 0 form the system of integers. Fractional numbers – the positive integer which are in the form of p/q where q is not equal to 0 are known as fractional numbers. Rational NumbersPowerPoint Presentation: Properties Of Rational Numbers Closure Property Rational numbers are closed under addition. That is, for any two rational numbers a and b, a+b s also a rational number. For Example - 8 + 3 = 11 ( a rational number. ) Rational numbers are closed under subtraction. That is, for any two rational numbers a and b, a – b is also a rational number, For Example - 25 – 11 = 14 ( a rational number. ) Rational numbers are closed under multiplication. That is, for any two rational numbers a and b, a * b is also a rational number. For Example - 4 * 2 = 8 (a rational number. ) Rational numbers are not closed under division. That is, for any rational number a, a/0 is not defined. For Example - 6/0 is not defined.PowerPoint Presentation: Commutative Property Rational numbers can be added in any order. Therefore, addition is commutative for rational numbers. For Example – Subtraction is not commutative for rational numbers . For Example - Since, -7 is unequal to 7 Hence, L.H.S. Is unequal to R.H.S. Therefore, it is proved that subtraction is not commutative for rational numbers. L.H.S. R.H.S. - 3/8 + 1/7 L.C.M. = 56 = -21+8 = -13 1 /7 +(-3/8) L.C.M. = 56 = 8+(-21) = -13 L.H.S. R.H.S. 2/3 – 5/4 L.C.M. = 12 = 8 – 15 = -7 5/4 – 2/3 L.C.M. = 12 = 15 – 8 = 7PowerPoint Presentation: Rational numbers can be multiplied in any order. Therefore, it is said that multiplication is commutative for rational numbers. For Example – Since, L.H.S = R.H.S. Therefore, it is proved that rational numbers can be multiplied in any order. Rational numbers can not be divided in any order.Therefore,division is not commutative for rational numbers. For Example – Since, L.H.S. is not equal to R.H.S. Therefore, it is proved that rational numbers can not be divided in any order. L.H.S. R.H.S. -7/3*6/5 = -42/15 6/5*(7/3) = -42/15 L.H.S. R.H.S. (-5/4) / 3/7 = -5/4*7/3 = -35/12 3/7 / (-5/4) = 3/7*4/-5 = -12/35Associative property: Associative property Addition is associative for rational numbers. That is for any three rational numbers a, b and c, a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c. For Example Since, -9/10 = -9/10 Hence, L.H.S. = R.H.S. Therefore, the property has been proved. Subtraction is not associative for rational numbers. For Example - Since, 19/30 is not equal to 29/30 Hence, L.H.S. is not equal to R.H.S. Therefore, the property has been proved. L.H.S. R.H.S. -2/3+[3/5+(-5/6)] = -2/3+(-7/30) = -27/30 = -9/10 [-2/3+3/5]+(-5/6) =-1/15+(-5/6) =-27/30 =-9/10 -2/3-[-4/5-1/2] = -2/3 + 13/10 =-20 +39 /30 = 19/30 [2/3-(-4/5)]-1/2 = 22/15 – ½ = 44 – 15/30 = 29/30PowerPoint Presentation: Multiplication is associative for rational numbers. That is for any rational numbers a, b and c a* (b*c) = (a*b) * c For Example – Since, -5/21 = -5/21 Hence, L.H.S. = R.H.S Division is not associative for Rational numbers. For Example – Since, Hence, L.H.S. Is Not equal to R.H.S. L.H.S. R.H.S. -2/3* (5/4*2/7) = -2/3 * 10/28 = -2/3 * 5/14 = -10/42 = -5/21 (-2/3*5/4) * 2/7 = -10/12 * 2/7 = -5/6 * 2/7 = -10/42 = -5/21 L.H.S. R.H.S. ½ / (-1/3 / 2/5) = ½ / -5/6 = -6/10 = -3/5 [½ / (-1/2)] / 2/5 = -1 / 2/5 = -5/2 = -5/2Distributive Law: Distributive Law Distributivity of multiplication over addition and subtraction : For all rational numbers a, b and c, a (b+c) = ab + ac a (b-c) = ab – ac For Example – Since, L.H.S. = R.H.S. Hence, distributive law is proved L.H.S. R.H.S. 4 (2+6) = 4 (8) = 32 4*2 + 4*6 = 8 = 24 = 32The Role Of Zero (0): The Role Of Zero (0) Zero is called the identity for the addition of rational numbers. It is the additive identity for integers and whole numbers as well. Therefore, for any rational number a, a+0 = 0+a = a For Example - 2+0 = 0+2 = 2 -5+0 = 0+(-5) = -5 The role of one (1) 1 is the multiplicative identity for rational numbers. Therefore, a*1 = 1*a = a for any rational number a. For Example - 2*1 = 2 1*-10 = -10Additive Inverse: Additive Inverse Additive inverse is also known as negative of a number. For any rational number a/b, a/b+(-a/b)= (-a/b)+a/b = 0 Therefore, -a/b is the additive inverse of a/b and a/b is the additive inverse of (-a/b) Reciprocal Rational number c/d is called the reciprocal or multiplicative inverse of another rational number a/b if a/b * c/d = 1Some Problems On Rational Numbers: Some Problems On Rational Numbers Q 1 ) Verify that –(-x) is the same as x for x = 5/6 A 1 ) The additive inverse of x = 5/6 = -x = -5/6 Since, 5/6 + (-5/6) = 0 Hence, -(-x) = x. Q 2 ) Find any four rational numbers between -5/6 and 5/8 A 2 ) Convert the given numbers to rational numbers with same denominators : -5*4-6*4 = -20/24 5*3/8*3 = 15/24 Thus, we have -19/24; -18/24; ........13/24; 14/24 Any four rational numbers can be chosen. L.H.S. R.H.S. -(-5/6) = +5/6 = 5/6 5/6 = + 5/6 = 5/6Acknowledgement: Acknowledgement I want to acknowledge Purnima mam, our mathematics teacher for her valuable contribution as she gave and explained me this assignment. Bibliography Sources of information : Class 8 th N.C.E.R.T. textbook. Internet (Google)