BIO METRICS

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by Manikanta . S (C.S.E) Siddhartha. P (C.S.E) BIO METRICS

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CONTENTS : Introduction Principle How the IDEA took up? Architecture (working) Biometrics Classification Applications of Biometric Systems Limitations Future of Biometrics Conclusion

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Biometrics : Definition: “Biometrics is the identification or verification of Human identity through the measurement of repeatable physiological and behavioral characteristics” By using biometrics a person could be identified based on "who she/he is" rather then "what she/he has" (card, token, key) or "what she/he knows"(password, PIN).

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Enrollment principle : A sample of the biometric trait is captured, processed by a computer, and stored for later comparison. Verification principle : In this mode biometric system authenticates a person’s claimed identity from their previously enrolled pattern. Principle :

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How the Idea took up ? Tempting of Science-Fiction (SCI-FI) futuristic Technology An Idea is nothing but a spark of intelligence Bertillonage Richard Edward Henry Joao de Barros

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BIOMETRIC SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE Major components of a biometric system: Data collection Signal processing Matching Decision Storage Transmission

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Raw data Extracted features Template Authentication decision Data collection Signal processing Matching Storage Match score Decision Application PICTORIAL ANALYSIS

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Categories of Biometrics : Physiological : They are related to the shape of the body. Examples- Face, Fingerprints, hand geometry and iris recognition, DNA It can be sorted into two classes 2.Behavoral : They are related to the behavior of a person. Examples -signature and voice . Bio-Signature Pen Finger Prints

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Classification : Physical Behavioral Head Hand Signature Voice Others (Gesture, gait, Keystroke) Face Iris Others (Ear, Retina, Dental) Fingerprint Hand Geometry Palmprint Others (finger) Biometrics

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Various Biometrics types: DNA Fingerprinting Face Recognition Fingerprint Hand & Finger Geometry Iris Scan Retina Scan Signature Verification Voice Recognition

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Signature Verification Physical Activity of Signing: Stroke Order, Pressure applied & Speed measured Used in providing access to Documents, Banking Services, etc Voice Recognition Based on Shape & Size of Vocal Tracts, Mouth, Nasal Cavity and Lips Used in Phone Based Applications Demerits: Sensitive to noise, Not appropriate for large scale application

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DNA Fingerprinting 0.1% DNA would be unique for a person Identical Twins do not have same DNA Used in Forensic Application, Paternity Determination, etc Iris Scan Scans over 200 points of the Iris Used in ID Cards, Passports, Border Control, Restricted Areas

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Hand Scan Hand-scan reads the top and sides of the hands and fingers, using such metrics as the height of the fingers, distance between joints, and shape of the knuckles. Fingerprint A fingerprint image is read from a capture device, features are extracted from the image, and a template is created.

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Which biometric method / product is best? Depends on the application reliability security performance cost user acceptance liveness detection users that are unsuitable size of sensor

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APPLICATION : Physical access control To high security areas To public buildings or areas Time & attendance control Identification Forensic person investigation Social services applications, e.g. immigration or prevention of welfare fraud Perso nal d ocuments, e.g. electronic drivers license or ID card

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APPLICATION : Access control To devices Cellular phones Logging in to computer, laptop, or PDA Cars Guns, gun safes To local services Debitting money from cash dispenser Accessing data on smartcard

Limitations Of Biometric Systems:

Limitations Of Biometric Systems Noise in Sensed Data Intra-class Variations Distinctiveness Non-universality Spoof Attacks

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Future of Biometrics : Plays a Major role in Private Industries There will be a popular tendency which can be regarded as a SCI-FI technology Biometric is a Future of security which leads to the accurate identification It will Further develops to a 3D face Recognitions Technology and handles the visitors management

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Conclusion : Biometric technology has great potential There are many biometric products around, based on different biometric technologies Shortcomings of biometric systems due to manufacturers ignorance of security concerns lack of quality control

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Queries?