AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY Agriculture

AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHYAGRICULTURE : 

AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHYAGRICULTURE

Agriculture : 

Agriculture = The deliberate cultivation of plants and animals for subsistent or economic gain. It originated when humans began domesticating both plants and animals Agriculture

Subsistent and Commercial Agriculture : 

Subsistent and Commercial Agriculture Typically found in the least developed countries (LDC’s) Subsistent Agriculture The production of food primarily for consumption by the farmer’s family. Typically found in the more developed countries (MDC’s) Commercial Agriculture The production of food primarily for sale off the farm

Vegetative and Seed Agriculture : 

Vegetative Agriculture Direct cloning of existing plants by cutting and dividing roots Seed Agriculture Reproduction of plants through annual planting of seeds. Practiced by most of today’s farmers Vegetative and Seed Agriculture

Where did Vegetative Agriculture originate? Probably Southeast Asia then spread to China, Japan and Africa : 

Where did Vegetative Agriculture originate? Probably Southeast Asia then spread to China, Japan and Africa

Where did Seed Agriculture originate? Western India, Northern China, Ethiopia : 

Where did Seed Agriculture originate? Western India, Northern China, Ethiopia

The people of Southwest Asia were probably the first to combine (integrate) both seed agriculture and animal domestication : 

The people of Southwest Asia were probably the first to combine (integrate) both seed agriculture and animal domestication

Agricultural Regions in Less Developed Countries (LDC’s)Shifting Cultivation, Pastoral Nomadism, Intensive Subsistence, and Plantation : 

Agricultural Regions in Less Developed Countries (LDC’s)Shifting Cultivation, Pastoral Nomadism, Intensive Subsistence, and Plantation (Slash and Burn) (Shifting Cultivation) Shifting Cultivation Farmers clear land by slashing vegetation and the burning it. One parcel of land is used for farming while the other fallows

Agricultural Regions in Less Developed Countries (LDC’s)Shifting Cultivation, Pastoral Nomadism, Intensive Subsistence, and Plantation : 

Agricultural Regions in Less Developed Countries (LDC’s)Shifting Cultivation, Pastoral Nomadism, Intensive Subsistence, and Plantation Pastoral Nomadism Pastoral Nomadism Form of subsistence agriculture based on herding of animals Usually don’t eat meat Larger the herd the more power and prestige to the farmer Found mainly in North Africa, Middle East, and Central Asia

Agricultural Regions in Less Developed Countries (LDC’s)Shifting Cultivation, Pastoral Nomadism, Intensive Subsistence, and Plantation : 

Agricultural Regions in Less Developed Countries (LDC’s)Shifting Cultivation, Pastoral Nomadism, Intensive Subsistence, and Plantation Especially found in Latin America, Africa, and Asia Intensive Subsistence Another form of subsistence agriculture used in LDC’s. Implies that farmers must work harder to exist on a parcel of land. Generally found in East, south, and Southeast Asia Plantation Farming Large farm that specializes in commercial agriculture. Usually found in LDC’s, but owned by MDC’s Crops: cotton, banana's, coffee, sugarcane, rubber, tobacco, cocoa, tea, palm oil etc…

Agricultural Regions in More Developed Countries (MDC’s) : 

Agricultural Regions in More Developed Countries (MDC’s) Commercial agriculture in MDC’s can be divided into six main types Mixed( crops and livestock), Dairy, grain farming Livestock ranching Mediterranean agriculture Gardening and fruit culture Each type is predominant in specific regions within MDC’s, depending on climate

Slide 13: 

Regions where subsistent and commercial agriculture can be found Figure 10-5 Page 336

Page 343 Figure 10-7 : 

Page 343 Figure 10-7 The United States accounts for 40% of the world’s corn

Page 344 Figure 10-8 : 

Page 344 Figure 10-8 Which countries lead in milk production? Explain the reason for low milk production in LDC’s

Page 346 Figure 10-10 : 

Page 346 Figure 10-10 United states leads the world in wheat production for sale. China Is the world’s leading wheat producer for consumption

Page 348 Figure 10-12 : 

Page 348 Figure 10-12 Meat production. Cattle, sheep, and goats are the three animals most commonly found on ranches

Von Thunen ModelofAgriculture : 

Von Thunen ModelofAgriculture Von Thünen’s model shows how distance from a city or market affects the choice of agricultural activity in (a) a uniform landscape and (b) one with a river.

Von Thunen ModelofAgriculture : 

Von Thunen ModelofAgriculture Only applies to commercial agriculture The model describes six concentric rings around the market Von Thunen: Developed an agricultural land use model that suggests that certain crops are grown in direct relation to their distance from market

Von Thunen ModelofAgriculture : 

Von Thunen ModelofAgriculture

Von Thunen ModelofAgriculture : 

Von Thunen ModelofAgriculture