occupational therapy in schizophrenia

Role of occupational therapist in mental health facilities: 

Role of occupational therapist in mental health facilities Shine vayala

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INTRODUCTION AIOTA- It is an art and science of directing man’s participation in selected task to restore ,reinforce and enhance performance, facilitate learning of those skills and functions essential for adaptation and productivity,diminish or correct pathology and to promote and maintain health.

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APPROACH AND ATTITUDE Approaches: a)Behavioural approach b)cognitive behavioral approach c)occupational behavioral approach d)Developmental group approach e)Sensory integration approach Attitudes: Active friendliness Passive friendliness Firm kindness

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OCCUPATIONALTHERAPY INTREVENTION 1.OTs are concerned primarily with how people function in their daily life activities.Intreventions are directed towards improving our patients ability to function in work,home life,school,leisure,and other occupational areas. 2. Our’s is a doing therapy more than a “ talking” therapy. We do present much information verbally, the main vehicle for therapeutic intervention in OT is activities 3. We treat psychiatric patients in groups rather than individually to improve specific skills .

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DAILY LIVING SKILLS Daily living skills form a broad category that includes all of the skills the average adult needs to manage his life on daily basis. They are - Personal care[grooming and hygiene], clothing selection and maintenance,nutrition,medication and health maintenance,exercise,communication,transportation,money and time management.

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TREATMENT IMPLEMENTATION: Activity scheduling Activity grading Activity monitoring Time management Money handling techniques Task analysis All these methods can be implemented through various techniques like (Reinforcements,prompting, cueing, chaining, shaping, roleplay, modelling). Thus it enables the client to maintain a balance between work rest and leisure and helps in functional restoration

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THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITIES OT uses activity as its primary treatment tool in order to reverse the negative cycle of inactivity of mentally ill. Cognitive and sensory motor activities are often impaired in individuals with psychiatric disorders. Some of the activities OT can work with patients are. COGNITIVE ACTIVITIES : Problem solving activities Puzzles Visual and auditory training activities Reality orientation activities Remedial activities

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SENSORI MOTOR ACTIVITIES Patients with organic disorders and schizophrenia sometimes have very specific motor problems,which may include stereo typed movements, S-shaped posture or shuffling gait. OT use sensorimotor activities to stimulate movement ,tactile awareness, postural balance,gross and fine co-ordination, endurance and strength ACTIVITIES: Rubbing with graded textures Jumping Skipping Stair climbing Ball exercise Mat activities Blind folding

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GROUP THERAPY Group treatment is a planned process for creating changes in individuals by brininging them together for this purpose. REVIEW OF BASIC CONCEPTS : To maintain group goals and norms Group cohesiveness Planning a group session Managing problems with in a group Role of leadership Beginning and ending a group session Evaluating a group

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GROUP THERAPY Some of the groups are General awareness group Social skills training Assertiveness training Stress management Problem solving group Task oriented group Self care group Activity group

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VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION Occupational disability :It is the disability in sphere of work. Chronic psychiatric patients have problems with work Little or no work experience No or little understanding of behaviours in work setting Cognitive disabilities Fail to organise task Relate hostilely/ negatively with others Do not take responsibility for own behaviours

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WORK ORIENTED THERAPY: Asses individual work potential Assist in individual basic task skills and work behavior Help transition to productive worker and training for vocation STEPS INVOLVED : Pre vocational evaluation Vocational training Job finding and placement Follow-up Vocational counseling

Thank you shinevayala@gmail.com: 

Thank you shinevayala@gmail.com