Basic steps in Research

Where do research ideas come from?Basic steps in Research : 

Where do research ideas come from?Basic steps in Research Sher Bahadur Senior Instructor

Introduction : 

Introduction Research, being a systematic enquiry, necessitates a step-wise approach Each step follows the prior step in a logical manner All steps must be accomplished to complete the research study Understanding of the need for each step is vital to conducting a meaningful research study

The Three Stops : 

The Three Stops Based on the definition of research, we can identify three main stops for a research study: Data Collection Data Analysis Data Interpretation (& Inferences) All the steps of a research study are focused on these three major stops

Steps in Research : 

Steps in Research Formulating the Research Question Performing a Literature Review / Search Developing the Research Project Proposal Performing Data Collection Performing Data Analysis Data Interpretation & Inferences Write-up of Research Results Dissemination of Information

Slide 5: 

Define Research Problem Literature Review Formulate hypothesis A B C D E F G Design Research Collect Data Analyse Data (Test Hypothesis Interpret And Report The research process

The Research Question : 

The Research Question It is an aspect of the problem stated as a question, on which a research study can be generated and possible answer(s) sought or obtained A question addresses itself to unanswered aspects of description, causation or mechanisms related to the problem It should be written as a question with a question mark at the end Step 1

Where do research ideas come from? : 

Where do research ideas come from? For an investigator to be able to conceive good research topics, s/he is advised to: Read the medical literature, including reviews which outline gaps in research Attend scientific meetings Teach—questions asked by students can often give ideas for research Be a team player—ideas can come from colleagues or mentors, in the same or different disciplines

Where do research ideas come from? : 

Where do research ideas come from? Acquaint herself/himself with the lines of interest of funding research organizations Develop specific areas of scientific interest—it is a good idea to be an expert in a small field, it is better to be a big fish in a small pond than a small fish in a large lake Get new ideas out of her/his own previous research Be a good observer Be imaginative

Where do research ideas come from? : 

Where do research ideas come from? have a skeptical attitude when reading scientific findings—science should not be admired, science should be questioned.

Study problem : 

Study problem Study problem: Health care issue that is a concern of a problem What are the problem related to unplanned knee replacement? Is MRI accessible to all KPK health care consumer.

Research question : 

Research question Research problem should be identified and transformed into research question It is concerned with specifying exactly what the research problem is.

The Research Question : 

The Research Question It is an aspect of the problem stated as a question, on which a research study can be generated and possible answer(s) sought or obtained A question addresses itself to unanswered aspects of description, causation or mechanisms related to the problem It should be written as a question with a question mark at the end Step 1

Title : 

Title The title should be descriptive and concise. It may need to be revised after completion of the writing of protocol to reflect more closely the sense of study A good title should be adequately describe the contents of the paper in the fewest possible words It should not be too long or too short; generally, it should consist of 10-12 words

Title example : 

Title example Preoperative Anxiety (Too brief) The effects of a counseling program by Nurses/MO on preoperative anxiety in children undergoing tonsillectomy. (Concise but gives sufficient information)

Slide 16: 

A search of the literature is essential before deciding whether research is worth doing, and what the gaps are that need to be addressed

Literature Search / Review : 

Literature Search / Review Knowledge of literature resources and search procedures is mandatory for developing a research study It enables one to avoid duplication, develop a better project and keep oneself up-to-date on the latest knowledge in the field of study It must be relevant, comprehensive, extensive, current, national & global It should be capable of being referenced and/or quoted Step 2