CONTROLLING STREETLIGHTS ON SENSING VEHICLES

MINI PROJECT ONCONTROLING STREET LIGHTS ON SENSING THE VEHICLES : 

MINI PROJECT ONCONTROLING STREET LIGHTS ON SENSING THE VEHICLES N.SRILAKSHMI (08M51A0476) SHASTRULA PAVAN KUMAR SHARMA (08M51A04A3) BY

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The main purpose of this project is to switch ON and OFF street lights without manual operation. An IR sensor which senses the light actually like our eyes is used to detect the presence of an object. By using this system energy consumption is also reduced because nowadays the manually operated street lights are not switched off even the sunlight comes and also switched on earlier before sunset. In this project, no need of manual operation because street lights are automatically operated. IR sensors and micro controller are the main components of the project. ABSTRACT

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PRESENTATION OVERVIEW INTRODUCTION BLOCK DIAGRAM HARDWARE DESCRIPTION SCHEMATIC OF THE PROJECT INTERFACING OF EACH MODULE WORKING OF THE PROJECT FLOW CHART OR ALGORITHM OF THE CODE RESULTS CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE REFERENCES

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INTRODUCTION In the present days Automated systems have less manual operations, high flexibility, reliability and accurate. Especially in the field of electronics automated systems are giving good performance. our project “CONTROLLING THE STREET LIGHTS ON SENSING THE VEHICLES” is to control the switching of Street Lights automatically according to the density of the traffic like day time or night time. In our project we are going to make use of devices called MOC’s which detects the vehicle according to which the street lights are made ON and OFF and the Control unit consists of a microcontroller with its associated circuitry.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM MICROCONTROLLER AT89C51 MOC MOC MOC HIGH POWER LED’s Regulated Power Supply

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HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

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MICROCONTROLLER (AT89S51) AT89C51 Pin diagram of AT89C51

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The AT89S51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller. It has a 4K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash memory. 128 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, watchdog timer, two data pointers, two 16-bit timer/counters, a five-vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry. PIN DESCRIPTION:

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MOC 7811 MOC7811 is a slotted Opto isolator module, with an IR transmitter & a photodiode mounted on it, Performs Non-Contact Object Sensing. This is normally used as positional sensor switch (limit switch) or as Position Encoder sensors used to find position of the wheel. It consists of IR LED and Photodiode mounted facing each other enclosed in plastic body. SPECIFICATIONS: Size: [Refer to the image beside] Mounting hole diameter: 3mm Mounting hole spacing: 19mm Slot width: 3mm Slot depth: 7mm

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HIGH POWER LIGHT EMITTING DIODES (LED’S) A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source. LEDs are used as indicator lamps in many devices, and are increasingly used for lighting. LEDs are introduced as a practical electronic component in 1962. Electrical symbol & polarities of LED Structure inside a LED

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SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF THE PROJECT

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LEDs INTERFACING WITH MICROCONTROLLER

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MOC INTERFACING WITH MICROCONTROLLER

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WORKING OF THE PROJECT The working of the project can be clearly explained by considering the street lights. The main aim of the project is to switch on the street lights on sensing the vehicles, and to switch off them after some given time delay. In this project MOC’s are used for sensing the vehicles. Initially the street lights are in off state. MOCs are associated with street lights depending upon the necessity. As the MOC senses the vehicle or any obstacle the street lights associated w.r.t that sensor will switch on, and off after certain time delay.

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FLOW CHART OF THE CODE START Initializing the MOCs and LEDs If MOC3==0 Initially all LEDs are off i.e. MOCs==1 If MOC2==0 If MOC1==0 Switch on LEDs 1&2 Switch on LEDs 3&4 Switch on LEDs 5&6 Yes Yes Yes No No No Switch off LEDs after time delay

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SOFTWARE USED Keil compiler is the software used where the machine language code is written and compiled. The machine source code is converted into hex code, this hex code is dumped into the microcontroller for further processing. KEIL COMPILERA

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RESULT The main idea of this project is to reduce the wastage of electricity by automatically switching off the street lights in the late nights when the traffic density is very low. For this purpose MOCs are used as the sensors, and the program is written in such a way that as the MOC detect the vehicle the street lights corresponding to that MOC will switch on automatically and switch off after some given time delay.

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CONCLUSION Can overcome the crises of natural power production resources in forth coning days. Can reduce the wastage of electricity. Ultimately can conserve some of the natural resources from completely getting vanished.

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FUTURE SCOPE Some of the PIC’s of electricity wastage at late night’s . A small video showing the situations on the roads at 12:30AM. PRESENT SITUATIONS PICS VIDEO The above observed present defects will be rectified by implementing this project.

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REFRENCES www.wikipedia.com www.keil.com www.maxim-ic.com www.electronicsforu.com www.allaboutcircuits.com Books Referred: Raj kamal –Microcontrollers Architecture, Programming, Interfacing and System Design. Mazidi and Mazidi –Embedded Systems. DIP Microcontroller Manual – Microchip. Embedded C-Michael J Pont.

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QUERIES?

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THANK YOU !!