registry informetion

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HCL CAREER DEVELOPMENT CENTRE Presentation on REGISTRY Submitted To – SHIKHA MEDAM Submitted By – MOHAMMAD SHAHID 1 REGISTREE

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RAGISTRY The Windows Registry is a hierarchical database that stores configuration settings and options on Microsoft Windows operating systems. It contains settings for low-level operating system components as well as the applications running on the platform: the kernel, device drivers, services, SAM, user interface and third party applications all make use of the Registry. The registry also provides a means to access counters for profiling system performance. 2 REGISTREE The Windows registry is a file (or set of files) in which the Windows operating system does its record keeping. It is a centralized database that has information about things that are, and were, on your machine.

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Contents STRUCTURE RATIONALE KEY AND VALUES 3 REGISTREE HIVES HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT (HKCR)) KKEY_CURRENT_USER(HKCU) HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE (HKLM) HKEY_USER(HKU) HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA HKEY_DYN_DATA MANUAL EDITING .REG FILES COMMAND LINE EDITING PROGRAMS OR SCRIPTS WINDOWS NT-BASED OPRETING SYTEMS WINDOWS 95,98 AND ME WINDOWS 3.11 EDITING LOCATION

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RATIONALS 4 REGISTREE .INI files stored each program's user settings in a separate file.By contrast, the Windows registry stores all application settings in one central repository and in a standardized form. This offers several advantages over INI files Since accessing the registry does not require parsing, it may be read from or written to more quickly than an INI file. As well, strongly-typed data can be stored in the registry, as opposed to the text information stored in INI files.

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STRUCTURE KEY-AND-VALUE The registry contains two basic elements: keys and values. 5 REGISTREE Registry Keys are similar to folders - in addition to values, each key can contain subkeys, which may contain further subkeys, and so on. Keys are referenced with a syntax similar to Windows' path names, using backslashes to indicate levels of hierarchy. E.g. HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows refers to the subkey "Windows“ of the subkey "Microsoft" of the subkey "Software" of the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE key. There are six Root Keys: HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT HKEY_CURRENT_USER HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE HKEY_USERS HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG HKEY_DYN_DATA

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LIST OF REGISTRY VALUE TYPE 6 REGISTREE

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HIVES 7 REGISTREE The Registry is split into a number of logical sections, or "hives"(the reason the word hive was used is an In-joke).Hives are generally named by their WindowsAPI definitions, which all begin "HKEY". They are abbreviated to a three- or four-letter short name starting with "HK" (e.g. HKCU and HKLM) HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT (HKCR) Abbreviated HKCR, HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT stores information about registered applications, such as file associations and OLE Object Class IDs, tying them to the. Applications used to handle these items. On Windows 2000 and above, HKCR is a compilation of user-based . HKEY_CURRENT_USER (HKCU) Abbreviated HKCU, HKEY_CURRENT_USER stores settings that are specific to The currently logged-in user.The HKCU key is a link to the subkey of HKEY_USERS That corresponds to the user; the same information is accessible in both locations.

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8 REGISTREE HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE (HKLM) Abbreviated HKLM, HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE stores settings that are specific to the local computer. On NT-based versions of Windows, HKLM contains four subkeys, SAM, SECURITY, SOFTWARE and SYSTEM, that are found within their respective files located in the %SystemRoot%\System32\ config folder. HKEY_USERS (HKU) Abbreviated HKU, HKEY_USERS contains subkeys corresponding to the HKEY_CURRENT_USER keys for each user profile actively loaded on the machine, though user hives are usually only loaded for currently logged-in users. HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG Abbreviated HKCC, HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG contains information gathered at runtime; information stored in this key is not permanently stored on disk, but rather regenerated at the boot time. HIVES

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EDITING Creating, manipulating, renaming and deleting registry keys, subkeys, values and value data Manual editing. 9 REGISTREE The registry can be edited manually in Microsoft Windows by running regedit.exe or regedt32.exe in the Windows directory. However, careless registry editing can cause irreversible damage. Thus, performing backups of the registry before editing it is highly recommended by Microsoft and many industry experts . Finding particular strings in key names, value names and value data Remotely editing the registry on another networked computer

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EDITING 10 REGISTREE .REG FILE .REG files (also known as Registration entries) are text-based human-readable files for storing portions of the registry.On Windows2000 and later NT-based operating Systems they contain the string Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00 at the beginning and are Unicode-based. The Default Value of a key can be edited by using @ instead of "Value Name": @=<Value type>:<Value data> COMMAND LINE EDITING The registry can be manipulated in a number of ways from the command line. The reg.exe utility tool is included in Windows XP and later versions of Windows. PROGRAMS AND SCRIPT Many programming languages offer built-in runtime library functions or classes that enable programs to store settings in the registry (e.g. Microsoft.Win32.Registry in VB.NET and C#, or TRegistry in Delphi). COM-enabled applications like Visual Basic 6 can use the WSH WScript.Shell object. Another way is to use the Windows Resource Kit Tool, Reg.exe by executing it from code, although this is considered poor programming practice.

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LETS SEE RESITRY EDITOR REGISTREE 11 Manual editing PROGRAMS AND SCRIPT

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CONCLUSION 12 REGISTREE . Your Windows Registry is like the DNA of Your Computer The Windows registry is very important to the running of the Windows PCsince the 95 version. It is an efficient database that holds your system (hardware and software) settings. Both the Windows OS and the programs you run rely on the registry for runtime access to these settings.You should keep an updated backup copy of your system registry handy so you can use it to restore your system in case the running copy gets damaged.

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Thank You 13 REGISTREE