RWL in ESL Chapter 2 too

Chapter 2Second Language Acquisition : 

Chapter 2Second Language Acquisition

“Language is acquired, whining is learned” - Woody Allen : 

“Language is acquired, whining is learned” - Woody Allen

Language Proficiency in listening, speaking, reading and writing : 

Language Proficiency in listening, speaking, reading and writing

The term communicative competence is synonymous with language proficiency : 

The term communicative competence is synonymous with language proficiency Use of language functions and the social context -Language is more than just words

Language proficiency/ communicative competence : 

Language proficiency/ communicative competence Development in oral/written skills to achieve communication in social and academic situations!

Language Subsystems:Language Subsystems: : 

Language Subsystems:Language Subsystems: Semantics Morphology Phonology Syntax Pragmatics

Literal and Figurative Language : 

Literal and Figurative Language Metaphors, Idioms, Irony, Sarcasm If you understand figurative language you have mastered the language.

The prime impulse to use a language = : 

The prime impulse to use a language = the need to communicate!

Language is:PowerSocial Standing is:Identity : 

Language is:PowerSocial Standing is:Identity

The world’s linguistic diversity is truly immense!! : 

The world’s linguistic diversity is truly immense!! An estimated 4000 – 8000 different languages worldwide.

Language or Dialect? : 

Language or Dialect?

Language…- Migrate, evolve and change- Connects with power- Affects political status - Maintains inequalities among users : 

Language…- Migrate, evolve and change- Connects with power- Affects political status - Maintains inequalities among users

Fluency in a standard language is an important educational goal! : 

Fluency in a standard language is an important educational goal!

3 Language Acquisition Theories : 

3 Language Acquisition Theories Behaviorist theory Innatist theory Interactionst theory

Behaviorist TheoryLearn through stimulus, response and reinforcement. : 

Behaviorist TheoryLearn through stimulus, response and reinforcement.

Innatist Theory : 

Innatist Theory Chomsky: “We are born with language!” Infants are… - Prewired for linguistic analysis - Posses an innate grammar template

Interactionist Theory : 

Interactionist Theory Language acquisition includes both nature and nurture

Second Language Acquisition Theories : 

Second Language Acquisition Theories Behaviorist theory Innatist theory Interactionist theory

Is a Second Language acquired the same way as the first? : 

Is a Second Language acquired the same way as the first? There are too many variables – WE DO NOT KNOW!

Behaviorist -L2- Drill and skill- Errors corrected immediately : 

Behaviorist -L2- Drill and skill- Errors corrected immediately

Innatist:Creative Construction Theory : 

Innatist:Creative Construction Theory - SL learners construct their L2 rules similar to their L1

Innatist:Krashen’s 5 Hypotheses : 

Innatist:Krashen’s 5 Hypotheses The Acquisition-Learning The Monitor The Natural Order The Input The Affective Filter

Krashen’s Second LanguageAcquisition Theory: : 

Krashen’s Second LanguageAcquisition Theory: Influenced teaching practices a lot 1) Emphasis on communication vs. grammatical form. 2) Allow silence vs. forced speech. 3) Create low anxiety environment.

Interactionist Perspective SLA : 

Interactionist Perspective SLA Crucial element: natural conversations between native and non-native speakers

L2 conversation situations= Negotiation of meaning : 

L2 conversation situations= Negotiation of meaning

Successfulcommunication in a L2situation = sharing thesame meaning : 

Successfulcommunication in a L2situation = sharing thesame meaning

Learning a Second Language in Schools : 

Learning a Second Language in Schools

Formal study vs. Immersion : 

Formal study vs. Immersion Formal study – in class Immersion – everywhere The need to communicate

Age and the presence of Socio-cultural, Personality and Cognitive Factors influences L2 communication : 

Age and the presence of Socio-cultural, Personality and Cognitive Factors influences L2 communication

Younger versus older learners of a second language : 

Younger versus older learners of a second language

Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS) : 

Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS) Skills needed for social conversation purposes

Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency : 

Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency Formal language skills used for academic learning

Use of English in Socially and Culturally Appropriate Ways : 

Use of English in Socially and Culturally Appropriate Ways

Comprehensible Input and Social Interaction : 

Comprehensible Input and Social Interaction Verbal non-verbal Facial expressions

Language Acquisition Elements = 1) A functional communication situation 2) Comprehensible input 3) Social interaction 4) Purposeful task : 

Language Acquisition Elements = 1) A functional communication situation 2) Comprehensible input 3) Social interaction 4) Purposeful task

Language Learner Errors : 

Language Learner Errors

Corrections that focus on meaning tend to be easier to learn than those that focus on grammar : 

Corrections that focus on meaning tend to be easier to learn than those that focus on grammar

Chapter 2 Summary… : 

Chapter 2 Summary… Language Proficiency (communicative competence and performance). Behaviorist, Innatist and Interactionist theories of first and second language acquisition. Factors important in SLA: the language learning environment (immersion versus formal study), age, cognitive development, cultures of the home and school and how they motivate and give purpose to SLA. - Comprehensible input and social interactions. Learner errors. Differences between social and academic language development!