end of colonial period

Reforms and End of the Colonial Period:

Reforms and End of the Colonial Period Pombaline/Bourbon Reforms

The 18th Century:

The 18 th Century Onset of Industrial Revolution. Accelerated Population growth, trade The Global Enlightenment. The Age of Revolution. Modernity.

Expansive Views of the Industrial Revolution I:

Expansive Views of the Industrial Revolution I New technologies based on new Sources of energy for both agricultural and industrial production. Factory system of mechanized mass production. Proletarianization of agricultural and industrial labor. Economic and political power shifts to those who accumulate capital to invest for profit.

Major Themes in 18th Century Social History:

Major Themes in 18 th Century Social History Population growth and economic expansion eroded older social divisions based on ethnicity and inherited status. Social and geographical mobility increased. Legal system of racial privilege and discrimination remained intact. Greater economic mobility hardened racialist attitudes and status consciousness among elites (Old Money vs. New Money)

Bourbon Reforms in Spanish America: 18th Century Administrative Reform:

Bourbon Reforms in Spanish America: 18 th Century Administrative Reform

Imperial Goals:

Imperial Goals Tax Reform to Promote Trade and Improve Collection. Counteract inroads of British and French. Curb growing power of creoles. Promote settlement and strengthen defense of northern and southern borders of the empire.

Bourbon Reforms:

Bourbon Reforms New Universities Shift from Tribute In Kind to Monetary Expulsion of the Jesuits New Administrative Units Intendancy System (Crown Controlled—Spanish Dominated) Royal Monopolies Tobacco Aguardiente Imperial Defenses Militia Forts

Social Mobility for Castas:

Social Mobility for Castas Credit Church Shopkeepers Friends/Social Peers Pawning Artisanal Jobs “Passing”

And yet...:

And yet... Racial Attitudes Harden: -Casta Paintings (Encyclopedia craze) Scientific Revolution -Industrial and Plantation Slavery Booms Fear of another Haiti