Socialization Theory Overview
Slide 1:The Social Press “Sing, Sing, Sing” Susan Ebbers EDUC 215 12-10-08 ? ? A Sociocultural Perspectiveof Family Socialization in America and Elsewhere :A Sociocultural Perspectiveof Family Socialization in America and Elsewhere MAJOR THEORETICAL APPROACHES (AND MINOR DISPUTES) :MAJOR THEORETICAL APPROACHES (AND MINOR DISPUTES) Slide 7:Attachment Theory Bowlby & Ainsworth Slide 8:Attachment It’s About Trust Slide 9:The future looks bright for trusting, secure and yet independent children Attachment Predicts Competence Does that leave “clingy” Asian children out? Japan & The Global Hypothesis :Japan & The Global Hypothesis Takahashi Takes a Stand “Look Within Group” (an emic approach) Behrens, Hesse, & Main (2007) :Behrens, Hesse, & Main (2007) Mothers’ attachment status determined by the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) predicts their 6-year-olds’ security Berkeley Responds to Takahashi Slide 12:Attached Children Growing to be happy and competent ? The Role of the Father :The Role of the Father Is “rough and tumble” play essential? Pleck (2007) Slide 14:Are there different “expectations” for fathers and husbands in Japan? Japanese (Cultural Perspective)-Holloway Slide 15:And sometimes, no father at all Slide 16: The EnvironmentEcological Approaches ~Bronfenbrenner Proximal and Distal Factors microsystems mesosystems exosystems macrosystems chronosystems Slide 17:parents & siblings friends preschool parent’sjob neighbors parent’s peers extended family faith daycare Slide 18:Extended Families: Support Systems Slide 19:mediators and moderators Ethnic minority (Indian) children living in Britain within group differences Parent’s social support mediates child internalization (Atzaba-Poria & Pike, 2005) Slide 20:Growing to be happy and productive? Having sufficient resources?Socioeconomic Influences on ParentingGradation vs Categorical ClassificationBourdieuHollowayLareau :Having sufficient resources?Socioeconomic Influences on ParentingGradation vs Categorical ClassificationBourdieuHollowayLareau Several Kinds of Capital (Bourdieu) :Several Kinds of Capital (Bourdieu) social capital cultural capital economic capital abuse of capital Slide 24:Imbalance of Power Slide 25:~Lareau Concerted cultivation or the achievement of natural growth? Learning to navigate institutional authority (or not) Slide 26:Learning to live with boundaries and norms Slide 27:Who’s in Charge? Slide 28:parent control strategies Baumrind’s Parenting Prototypes :Baumrind’s Parenting Prototypes Authoritative parenting predicts competent children Mix 3 Parts Control with 2 Parts Conversation Slide 30:adverse effects of authoritarian parenting Slide 31:benefits of authoritative strategies Chao Challenges Baumrind :Chinese training practices, an emic approach Chao Challenges Baumrind Understanding Chinese Parenting through the Cultural Notion of Training :Understanding Chinese Parenting through the Cultural Notion of Training (Chao, 1994) Asian Ideologies Slide 34:Sorkhabi Challenges Chao ? Slide 35:HOW ELSE DO WE LEARN AND DEVELOP? Cultural Forces Shape Development :Cultural Forces Shape Development Gjerde: Culture is invented, reinvented, dynamic, fluid Includes hegemonic forces Super and Harkness: Environmental niches Slide 37:Bandura Social Cognitive Theory (Not behavioral conditioning) Observing others, evaluating, learning Self-Efficacy: I think I can…I think I will Slide 38:Learning Observing Parents, Guardians Slide 39:Learning from Siblings Slide 40:Observing Extended Family Slide 41:Peer Influences Slide 42:They love me not Making AttributionsExplaining Behaviors They love me Slide 43:Cognitive Socialization via Institutions of Education Slide 44:Effects of Parent Involvement at School Too much? Too little? Just right? Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler (1997) Slide 45:Parent Beliefs Effect Child’s School Achievement Expectations, Attributions, and Self-Efficacy I can help with their schoolwork I failed at math, too The teacher respects me (Goodnow, 2002) The principal is biased Cultural Models of Literacy :Cultural Models of Literacy Immigrant Latino Families Reese & Gallimore (2000) (also Fuller 2007) Home-SchoolDiscontinuityTheory Slide 47:As the child grows into adolescence, new factors emerge Slide 48:peers teachers neighbors parent’s peers extended family faith job sports teams or clubs girlfriend ~boyfriend peer pressure parents & siblings interests school parent’sjob Slide 49:Peer relations and parent control influence high school achievement (Dornbusch) Slide 50:The Influence of Dysfunctional High Schools ~Holloway Slide 51:Despite wide-ranging societal changes the family continues to be the primary locus of children's socialization… The Family Endures Slide 53:…and it was never perfect. Coontz, S. (2002). The way we never were: American families and the nostalgia trap. New York: Basic Books.
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