Group Dynamics :Group Dynamics Module 10
Group Dynamics :Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.”
Margaret Mead Module 10
Group Dynamics :Group Dynamics To identify and analyze the social processes that impact on group development and performance.
To acquire the skills necessary to intervene and improve individual and group performance in an organizational context. Objectives: Module 10
Objectives (contd) :Objectives (contd) To build more successful organizations by applying techniques that provide positive impact on goal achievement. Module 10
Group Dynamics :Group Dynamics The social process by which people interact in a group environment The influences of personality, power and behaviour on the group process Module 10
Types of Groups :Types of Groups Formal - structured to perform specific tasks.
Informal - emerge naturally in response to organizational or member interests. Module 10
Group Size :Group Size to express individual viewpoints;
to develop social relationships;
to ensure everyone participates;
for individual recognition. Issues to be considered include opportunities: Module 10
Group Structure :Group Structure ensure that all skill sets are included;
examine the impact of a poor performer on group achievement; Issues considered include: Module 10
Group Structure (contd) :Group Structure (contd) ensure a combination of leaders and followers;
examine the potential for personality conflicts;
impacts of member diversity. Module 10
Group Development :Group Development Forming - orientation, guidance (dependence)
Storming - conflict, roles and responsibilities, rules and procedures, individual recognition (counterdependence) Module 10
Group Development (contd) :Group Development (contd) Module 10 Norming - issue resolution, develop social agreements, cohesion, establish group norms (interdependence)
Performing - mutual assistance, creativity, understanding goals and roles (independence)
Adjourning - closure, symbolism, ceremonies, and emotional support.
Slide 12:Participants’ Input 10.1 Module 10
Group Functions :Group Functions Task behaviours;
Maintenance behaviours;
Self-interest behaviours. Module 10
Task Behaviours :Task Behaviours initiating;
information seeking/giving;
clarifying ideas;
brining closure;
consensus testing. Module 10
Maintenance Behaviours :Maintenance Behaviours encouraging;
improving group atmosphere;
harmonizing;
compromising;
gate-keeping. Module 10
Self-interest Behaviours :Self-interest Behaviours dominating/controlling;
blocking;
manipulating;
belittling;
splitting hairs. Module 10
Group Norms :Group Norms social standards and acceptable behaviours;
collectively held expectations of group functioning;
provide regularity and predictability to group functioning. Module 10
Types of Norms :Types of Norms conduct;
work performance/attendance;
rearranging personal space;
assisting co-workers;
loyalty;
dress codes;
rewards. Standards related to: Module 10
Roles :Roles Assigned roles - chair, secretary, manager, treasurer, etc;
Emergent roles - confidant, group clown, gossip, mentor, etc; Module 10
Factors That Impact Effectiveness :Factors That Impact Effectiveness Role Ambiguity - worker is unclear of job definition;
Role Conflict - worker experiences job overlap. Module 10
Status :Status Symbolic - office, administrative support, perks;
Impact - authority, hierarchy, decision-making, rewards. Module 10
Group Cohesion :Affected by the ability of the group to: Group Cohesion Work as a unit, share tasks, recognize member contributions;
-VS-
Conflict, role ambiguity, lack of motivation;
-Attracts-
High performers, opportunists, achievers;
-Affected by-
Group size, cliques, acts of protest, self-interest behaviour Module 10
Support :Support training;
reward system;
empowerment/self-management;
organizational representativeness/diversity. Module 10
Slide 24:Participants’ Input 10.2 Module 10
Transactional Analysis :Transactional Analysis Social transactions between individuals:
Parent - protective, nurturing, controlling, critical, guiding.
Adult - rational, calculating, factual, unemotional.
Child - rebellious, spontaneous, dependant, creative, emotional. Module 10
Reactions :Reactions I’m OK - You’re OK
I’m OK - You’re not OK
I’m not OK - You’re OK
I’m not OK - You’re not OK Module 10
Individual Behaviour :Individual Behaviour Passive - easily “pushed around”, compliant, submissive, non-resistant.
Aggressive - pushy, hostile, forceful, creates conflict, shows disregard for others.
Assertive - self-assured, confident, positive, protects own rights, respects others. Module 10
Effective Teams :Effective Teams high skills, high motivation;
have a clear picture of group goals;
high performance;
success attracts others;
opportunity for individual recognition;
recognition of professionalism. Module 10 Are a result of:
Slide 29:Participants’ Input 10.3 Module 10