Slide 1: Diseases
Law
Sciences
Engineering Important Components of EH If we are to strengthen the EH Services than we need to increase our understanding of the above! Physical
Biological
Social
Slide 2: Surveillance Enforcement Promotion Environmental Health Empowerment Legal action Monitoring Strengthening the key functions
Slide 3: HEALTHY ISLANDS APPROACH HEALTH PROTECTION HEALTH PROMOTION Community Programs Policy & Legislation HEALTHY ISLANDS CONCEPTS PROGRAM SETTINGS Healthy Hospitals Healthy Schools Healthy Markets Healthy Workplaces Healthy Parks Nutrition Food NCDs Waste NETWORK G.Os & NGOs G.Os & NGOs G.Os & NGOs G.Os & NGOs WHO Model of Healthy Islands
Slide 4: Strengthening of Legislations Strengthening the key EH Functions Protection The legal role
Slide 5: What is:
a Bill -
an Act -
Ordinance -
Regulation -
Subsidiary Legislation -
By Law-
Decree -
Statute - Strengthening the key EH Functions Define
Important legal issues for EH Managers : Important legal issues for EH Managers Legislations prescribe what and how work should be done
Set standards and procedures
Appointment
Form of health promotion and education tool
Consistence and sustainable
EH Work is 99% legal A great need to strengthen Legal aspects of EH
Slide 7: Formulation of new legislations
Enactment Process
Review of existing Legislations
Enforcement of legislations
Process
Prosecution Strengthening of Legislation Strengthening the key EH Functions
Characteristics of an Act : Characteristics of an Act Broad based - details in regulations
Address Process - application, procedures
Address current and future trends/issues
Provision for Penalty – deterrent
Smaller in size than regulations Strengthening the key EH Functions
Slide 9: i. FORMULATE - New Legislations Structure
Content
Process/Administration
Penalty Strengthening the key EH Functions When…there is a need for a new Act
Slide 10: ii. REVIEW - Existing Act Review is required every ten to fifteen years When:
Major changes needed on the Act.
Existing Act is inadequate or outdated.
Changes are more than what is provided for in the regulation section. Strengthening the key EH Functions
The Review/Formulation Process : The Review/Formulation Process Who should be involved in the review?
Other stakeholders ?
Consultant ?
Submissions - Oral or written
Public Hearing
Review Period Strengthening the key EH Functions
Slide 12: Part 1: Preliminary Part 2: CBH and Local Authority
Part 3: Building Part 4: Food Premises
Part 5: Sanitary Services Part 6: Nuisances
Part 7: Infectious Diseases Part 8: Venereal Diseases
Part 9: Offensive Trades Part 10: Lodging Houses
Part 11: Mosquitoes Part 12: Ships
Part 13: Water Supply Part 14: Laundries
Part 15: By Laws and Regulations Part 16: Legal Proceedings Fiji - Public Health Act An Example of a structure of an Act Is the structure still relevant ? 1. Review/Formulate the structure
Slide 13: What is missing that needs to be included?
What is there that needs to be repealed?
What other legislations should be considered? Is it a total review or certain sections only ? 2. Review/formulate the content Strengthening the key EH Functions
Slide 14: How should the Act be administered?
Who should administered it?
What is missing?
What is there that needs to be repeal?
How can we make the Bill politician friendly?
How often should the Act be review? Is it a total review or certain sections only ? 3. Review/formulate Administration of the Act
Slide 15: Relevant Legislations to be consulted: Quarantine Act
Food Safety Act
Building Code
Town & Country Planning Act
Environment Management Act
Other legislations Strengthening the key EH Functions
ii. Formulation of an Act : ii. Formulation of an Act Bill – Act Strengthening the key EH Functions
Slide 17: Formulation - Ministry responsible (Director/ CEO)
Discipline (EH)
Legal Officer in Ministry
Legal Draftsman - Solicitor General’s Office
Consultation of stakeholders
Public Hearing Formulation of a Bill Minister to present in Parliament
Sector Committee
Consultation
EH to make submission
Parliament to approve - Lower & Upper House Strengthening the key EH Functions
Slide 18: Important stakeholders to consult in formulating a Bill: Environmental Health Officers
Legal Officers in the Ministry
Solicitor General’s Office
Other countries Legislations Strengthening the key EH Functions
iii. ENFORCEMENT : iii. ENFORCEMENT Enforcement Authority (s)
Enforcement Officers
Legal Process
Legal Notices
Legal Charges on non compliance of notices
Charges
Summon Legal Protection of Human Health !
Prosecution : Prosecution The process of bringing legal proceedings against a defendant for criminal behavior.
After charges laid and summon served
Court Procedures
Penalties
Cost
Continuous Offence
Inform others Strengthening the key EH Functions
Slide 21: Important stakeholders to consult in prosecuting cases: Environmental Health Officers
Legal Officers in the Ministry
Director of Public Prosecution
Past cases Strengthening the key EH Functions
Slide 22: Strengthening of Surveillance Strengthening the key EH Functions Surveillance The monitoring role
Slide 23: Review existing system Strengthening Surveillance Strengthening the key EH Functions Student Activity
Slide 24: Strengthening Surveillance Strengthening the key EH Functions In not more than three type pages :
List some of the ways in which EH can strengthen their Surveillance activities.
Briefly discuss how this can be achieved.
What type of support is needed to ensure that the changes are sustained.
Conclude with brief recommendations and conclusion.
Thank You : Thank You