Looking at the particles :
Looking at the particles Solid particles vibrate in place
Liquids and gases flow
Causes diffusion
Spreading of particles throughout a liquid or gas http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/atoms/states.html
State Depends on: :
State Depends on: The substance At room temperature
Iron is a solid
Water is a liquid
Oxygen is a gas
At -220°C
Iron is a solid
Water is a solid
Oxygen is a solid The amount of Kinetic Energy Water
Is a gas above 100°C
Is a liquid between 100°C and 0°C
Is a solid below 0°C
Argon
Is a gas above -185.85°C
Is a liquid between -185.85°C and -189.35°C
Is a solid below -189.35°C
State Changes :
State Changes Enthalpy- Amount of energy gained or lost in the form of heat
Changes in enthalpy (heat) result in state changes
Heating Curves :
Heating Curves Solid
Warming
KE Increases Boiling
Temp Constant
KE Remains the Same Liquid
Warming
KE Increases Melting
Temp Constant
KE Remains the Same Gas
Warming
KE Increases
Cooling Curves :
Cooling Curves Gas
Cooling
Decreasing KE Solid
Cooling
Decreasing KE Liquid
Cooling
Decreasing KE Condensing
Temp Constant
KE Remains the Same Freezing
Temp Constant
KE Remains the Same
Lowest Temperature :
Lowest Temperature Absolute Zero
Temperature at which all matter ceases to move
0K (-273°C)
All matter is a solid
Temperature Scales :
Temperature Scales Celsius Based on water
BP of Water = 100°C
MP of Water = 0°C
Designed to be replicable over the whole planet
Can be a negative number
Found by taking Kelvin -273 Kelvin Based on Celsius Scale
Absolute Zero = 0K
Always positive
Found by taking Celsius + 273