sexually transmitted infections

STI : 

STI Now treated as a syndrome as client can have more than 1 infection at a time. Syndrome is a recognised group of signs & symptoms BY ROSEMARY PALMER RN, RM, BSc Hons (Sport science & administration), ADM

IF UNTREATED : 

IF UNTREATED Infertility Foetal deaths Ectopic pregnancy Anogenital cancer Death Neonatal infection Strong correlation between HIV spread & STI’s

COMPREHENSIVE CASE MANAGEMENT : 

COMPREHENSIVE CASE MANAGEMENT History Clinical examination Diagnosis Effective treatment regime Education & counselling Promotion of condom usage & provision Partner notification & treatment Follow up

DRUG SELECTION : 

DRUG SELECTION There are flow charts to be used for selection of appropriate drug regime for the diagnosed syndrome. The drugs were originally selected because; Cost effective Oral administration Safe in pregnancy & lactation Few side effects Single dose best Availability Compliance & acceptability

PREVENTION EDUCATION : 

PREVENTION EDUCATION PARTNERS- only 1 Protective sex –use condoms & issue them Practices- change e.g.sexual, hygiene Prompt treatment Contact cards & treatments HCT Return in 7 days if symptoms persist. Target adolescents sensitively

MOST COMMON INFECTIONS : 

MOST COMMON INFECTIONS Candida- cheesy white Trichomonas-green frothy Herpes –(ulcers) Gonnorrhoea –cervical infections common & 85% asymptomatic Chlamydia- also often asymtomatic Syphilis HPV –(warts)

NEONATAL CONJUNCTIVITIS : 

NEONATAL CONJUNCTIVITIS Gonnorrhoea (opthalmia neonatorum) Chlamydia Mother & partner/s need treatment as well

CONGENITAL SYPHILIS : 

CONGENITAL SYPHILIS Early –first 2 years of life symptoms noticed Late- symptoms apparent after 2 years old Any mother who was positive WR in pregnancy even if treated –baby should be retested WR every 3 months until negative x 2 Neonates must be treated even if mother was treated in pregnancy

BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS : 

BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS This is what happens in pregnancy when endogenous (own) bacteria become unbalanced due to hormones affecting acidity of vagina. Lactobacilli replaced by Gardnerella & Myoplasma – partners are not a problem here. BV SHOULD BE NOTED & TREATED WITH CTOP

TREATMENT EDUCATION : 

TREATMENT EDUCATION Compliance Complete course Don’t share treatment Don’t use herbals as the same time Douching not recommended.

4 COMPONENTS OF STI CONTROL : 

4 COMPONENTS OF STI CONTROL Education of individuals at risk –modes of transmission and how to reduce transmission Detection –educate on signs, what to do. Use family planning, PAP smears as detection devices as well Effective management of client seeking Rx – use flow charts and follow up correctly Treatment & education of sexual partners.