clauses of contrast

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clauses of contrast adapted from www.rotary.edu.hk/

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Although & In spite of : 

Although & In spite of Although Though(less formal) + A CLAUSE Even though (very formal, mainly written) In spite of a noun Despite + a pronoun / v-ing

Although & In spite of the fact (that): 

Although & In spite of the fact (that) In spite of the fact that despite the fact that+ clause

Example: sentences with “although” & “in spite of”: 

Example: sentences with “although” & “in spite of” 1. Although it was raining heavily, they went for a picnic/In spite of the fact that…. In spite of the heavy rain, they went for a picnic. 2. Although the weather was fine, they stayed indoors. In spite of the fine weather, they stayed indoors.

Change the following into NOUN.: 

Change the following into NOUN. E.g. It is raining. (the rain) 1. His health is poor. N. his poor health. 2. The house is on fire. N. the fire 3. It was raining heavily. N. the heavy rain

More Nouns: 

More Nouns 4. The weather was fine. N. the fine weather 5. She failed to win. N. her failure. 6. Her marks were low. N. her low marks. 7. He works very hard. N. his hard work

Change the sentences with “although” to those with “in spite of”: 

Change the sentences with “although” to those with “in spite of” 1. Although the weather is cold, they go swimming. In spite of the cold weather, they go swimming. 2. Although it is raining heavily, they go for a picnic. In spite of the heavy rain, they go for a picnic.

GAME: Rewriting Sentences : 

GAME: Rewriting Sentences 1. Although it was raining, they went swimming. In spite of the rain, they went swimming. 2. Although there is a fire, the woman went into the building. In spite of the fire, the woman went into the building.

More “in spite of”: 

More “in spite of” 3. He tried again although he failed in the driving test. He tried again in spite of his failure in the driving test. 4. She did not feel sad though her marks were low. She did not feel sad in spite of her low marks.

“In spite of” and “Despite”: 

“ In spite of” and “Despite” They are the same in usage. That is: you can either use “in spite of” or “despite” to present the same meaning. E.g. In spite of the fine weather, they stayed indoors. Despite the fine weather, they stayed indoors.

Examples on using “despite”: 

Examples on using “despite” 1. They failed despite their hard work. They failed in spite of their hard work. 2. In spite of the heavy rain, they went for a picnic. Despite the heavy rain, they went for a picnic.

GAMES: 

GAMES Rearrange the words or phrases into correct sentences. The sentences are mixed with “although”, “though”, “even though”, “in spite of” & “despite”

CHECKING YOUR WORK: 

CHECKING YOUR WORK 1. Although it was raining heavily, they went for a picnic. 2. Though she is beautiful, she failed to win the prince’s love. 3. Even though they were hungry, they did not eat the cake. 4. In spite of the bad smell, they stayed in the classroom. 5. Despite the bad taste, they eat all the eggs.

CONCLUSION: 

CONCLUSION 1. Although, Though & Even though + a clause (Subject + Verb) 2. In spite of & Despite + a noun, a pronoun/V-ing 3. In spite of & Despite are almost the same in usage. END